scholarly journals Rehearsal initiates systems memory consolidation, sleep makes it last

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. eaav1695 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Himmer ◽  
M. Schönauer ◽  
D. P. J. Heib ◽  
M. Schabus ◽  
S. Gais
Keyword(s):  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Memory Systems ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Systems Consolidation ◽  
New Information ◽  
Study Session ◽  
Posterior Parietal

After encoding, memories undergo a transitional process termed systems memory consolidation. It allows fast acquisition of new information by the hippocampus, as well as stable storage in neocortical long-term networks, where memory is protected from interference. Whereas this process is generally thought to occur slowly over time and sleep, we recently found a rapid memory systems transition from hippocampus to posterior parietal cortex (PPC) that occurs over repeated rehearsal within one study session. Here, we use fMRI to demonstrate that this transition is stabilized over sleep, whereas wakefulness leads to a reset to naïve responses, such as observed during early encoding. The role of sleep therefore seems to go beyond providing additional rehearsal through memory trace reactivation, as previously thought. We conclude that repeated study induces systems consolidation, while sleep ensures that these transformations become stable and long lasting. Thus, sleep and repeated rehearsal jointly contribute to long-term memory consolidation.

scholarly journals Working Memory Retrieval: Contributions of the Left Prefrontal Cortex, the Left Posterior Parietal Cortex, and the Hippocampus

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilke Öztekin ◽  
Brian McElree ◽  
Bernhard P. Staresina ◽  
Lila Davachi
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Focal Attention ◽  
Left Posterior ◽  
Posterior Parietal

Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to identify regions involved in working memory (WM) retrieval. Neural activation was examined in two WM tasks: an item recognition task, which can be mediated by a direct-access retrieval process, and a judgment of recency task that requires a serial search. Dissociations were found in the activation patterns in the hippocampus and in the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) when the probe contained the most recently studied serial position (where a test probe can be matched to the contents of focal attention) compared to when it contained all other positions (where retrieval is required). The data implicate the hippocampus and the LIFG in retrieval from WM, complementing their established role in long-term memory. Results further suggest that the left posterior parietal cortex (LPPC) supports serial retrieval processes that are often required to recover temporal order information. Together, these data suggest that the LPPC, the LIFG, and the hippocampus collectively support WM retrieval. Critically, the reported findings support accounts that posit a distinction between representations maintained in and outside of focal attention, but are at odds with traditional dual-store models that assume distinct mechanisms for short- and long-term memory representations.

scholarly journals Biased Competition during Long-term Memory Formation

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Benjamin Hutchinson ◽  
Sarah S. Pak ◽  
Nicholas B. Turk-Browne
Keyword(s):  
Prior Experience ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Memory Systems ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Complete Representation ◽  
New Information ◽  
Ventral Temporal Cortex ◽  
Spatial Locations

A key task for the brain is to determine which pieces of information are worth storing in memory. To build a more complete representation of the environment, memory systems may prioritize new information that has not already been stored. Here, we propose a mechanism that supports this preferential encoding of new information, whereby prior experience attenuates neural activity for old information that is competing for processing. We evaluated this hypothesis with fMRI by presenting a series of novel stimuli concurrently with repeated stimuli at different spatial locations in Experiment 1 and from different visual categories (i.e., faces and scenes) in Experiment 2. Subsequent memory for the novel stimuli could be predicted from the reduction in activity in ventral temporal cortex for the accompanying repeated stimuli. This relationship was eliminated in control conditions where the competition during encoding came from another novel stimulus. These findings reveal how prior experience adaptively guides learning toward new aspects of the environment.

scholarly journals 0119 The Role of Aging and Working Memory in Emotional-Long Term Memory Formation

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A47-A47
Author(s):  
N Sattari ◽  
L Whitehurst ◽  
K Vinces ◽  
S Mednick
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Improvement ◽  
Condition Interaction

Abstract Introduction It is widely accepted that “offline” processes during sleep contributes to memory. Working Memory (WM) capacity, which reflects “online” memory processing, is an important factor influencing cognitive functioning, which declines with age. In younger individuals, a positive association is reported between WM-capacity and declarative memory improvement. Methods We examined the relation between WM and long-term memory consolidation, among younger [N=105, 18-25yr] and older adults (N=119, 60-85yr). Subjects completed an OSPAN WM task, encoded a Word-Paired Association (WPA) task in the morning (Test1), and were tested on the WPA in the afternoon (Test2) after a 90-minute polysomnographically-recorded nap or wake. Half of the subjects were exposed to negatively valenced word-pairs (EWPA) while the other half were exposed to neutral word-pairs (NWPA). Subjects rated valence of the word-pairs at Test1 and Test2. We compared the four groups (young-EWPA, young-NWPA, old-EWPA and old-NWPA) on WM and WPA in both wake and sleep. Results In both wake and sleep, in the WPA, ageXword-condition interaction was found (p=.004). Post-hoc analysis revealed that in wake, younger-EWPA had higher performance (p=.03) than younger-NWPA, however, older-EWPA had lower performance (p=.03) than older-NWPA. Additionally, we found an ageXword-condition interaction whereby youngers showed no change in ratings, while older adults rated word-pairs more positively both in wake (p=.03) and sleep (p=.002) at Test 2. Youngers had higher WM performance (p=.007), also their WM performance was positively associated with WPA both for Neutral (p=.03) and Emotional (p=.01). WM and WPA among older adults was not related. In younger-EWPA, Stage2-sleep-minutes was positively associated to WPA improvement (p=.03) where this association was negative among older-EWPA (p=.02). In older-NWPA, Stage2-sleep-minutes was positively associated with WPA (p=.004). Conclusion Our findings indicate an association between WM and emotionally-salient memory formation that is modulated by age. Older adults, but not younger, showed the emotional bias previously reported. WM was higher in younger adults related to memory improvement. Stage2-sleep was related to memory improvement in both groups, but in opposite directions. In sum, the role of sleep in memory consolidation changes with aging and WM may play a role in this process. Support Fenn et al.,2012

scholarly journals A Permissive Role of Mushroom Body α/β Core Neurons in Long-Term Memory Consolidation in Drosophila

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 1981-1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Huang ◽  
Xingguo Zheng ◽  
Hong Zhao ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Pengzhi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Mushroom Body ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Permissive Role

ATP derived from astrocytes modulates memory in the chick

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie E. Gibbs ◽  
Maria Shleper ◽  
Tomris Mustafa ◽  
Geoffrey Burnstock ◽  
David N. Bowser
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Pyridoxal Phosphate ◽  
Purinergic Receptor ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
P2y1 Receptor ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Disulphonic Acid

Memory consolidation in a discriminative bead pecking task is modulated by endogenous adenosine triphosphate (ATP) acting at purinergic receptors in the hippocampus. Consolidation, from short- to intermediate- to long-term memory during two distinct periods following training, was blocked by the non-selective P2 purinergic receptor antagonist PPADS (pyridoxal phosphate-6-azo(benzene-2,4-disulphonic acid) tetrasodium salt hydrate and the specific P2Y1 receptor antagonist MRS2179. Direct injections of the ATP agonists (ATPγS and ADPβS) potentiated memory consolidation and the effect of ADPβS was blocked by MRS2179, suggesting an important role of ATP on memory consolidation via the P2Y1 receptor in the chick hippocampus. Incubation of astrocytes with ATPγS and ADPβS resulted in the increase of intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i), the latter being blocked by MRS2179 suggesting a specific role for P2Y1 receptors in the calcium response. This response was prevented by blocking astrocytic oxidative metabolism with fluoroacetate. We argue that the source of the ATP acting on neuronal P2Y1 receptors is most likely to be astrocytes. Thrombin selectively increases [Ca2+]i in astrocytes but not in neurones. The main findings of the present study are: (a) astrocytic [Ca2+]i plays an important role in the consolidation of short-term to long-term memory; and (b) ATP released from chick astrocytes during learning modulates neuronal activity through astrocytic P2Y1 receptors.

A link between role of two prefrontal areas in immediate memory and in long-term memory consolidation

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana A. Izquierdo ◽  
Daniela M. Barros ◽  
Jaderson Costa da Costa ◽  
Cristiane Furini ◽  
Carolina Zinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Immediate Memory

scholarly journals Fast and slow cortical high frequency oscillations for cortico-cortical and cortico-hippocampal network consolidation during NonREM sleep

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Aleman-Zapata ◽  
Richard GM Morris ◽  
Lisa Genzel
Keyword(s):  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Granger Causality Analysis ◽  
High Frequency Oscillations ◽  
New Information ◽  
Hippocampal Network ◽  
Nonrem Sleep

AbstractMemory reactivation during NonREM-ripples is thought to communicate new information to a systems-wide network. Cortical high frequency events have also been described that co-occur with ripples. Focusing on NonREM sleep after different behaviors, both hippocampal ripples and parietal high frequency oscillations were detected. A bimodal frequency distribution was observed in the parietal high frequency events, faster and slower, with increases in prefrontal directionality measured by Granger causality analysis specifically seen during the fast parietal oscillations. Furthermore, fast events activated prefrontal-parietal cortex whereas slow events activated hippocampal-parietal areas. Finally, there was a learning-induced increase in both number and size of fast high frequency events. These patterns were not seen after novelty exposure or foraging, but occurred after the learning of a new goal location in a maze. Disruption of either sleep or hippocampal ripples impaired long-term memory consistent with these having a role in memory consolidation.

scholarly journals The Influence of Poststudy Action Congruency on Memory Consolidation

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-223
Author(s):  
René Zeelenberg ◽  
Sebastiaan Remmers ◽  
Florence Blaauwgeers ◽  
Diane Pecher
Keyword(s):  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Motor Actions ◽  
Better Than

Abstract. The actions associated with objects are thought to be automatically activated when processing object names. Recent studies, however, have failed to find evidence for a role of the motor system in long-term memory for objects. One exception is a study by van Dam et al. (2013) in which participants studied object names associated with pressing (e.g., doorbell) or twisting (e.g., jar), followed by pressing or twisting actions in a seemingly unrelated task. In the final memory test, performance for action congruent words was better than for action incongruent words. We aimed to generalize these findings. In Experiments 1 and 2, we found no effect of action congruency on repetition priming in lexical decision and man-made/natural decision. In Experiment 3, the action congruency manipulation was administered immediately after initial study or a day later, just prior to the recognition memory test. We found no effects of action congruency and timing of the action. Finally, Experiment 4 was a direct replication of Experiment 1 of van Dam et al. (2013) . Again, we failed to find an effect of poststudy action congruency. Thus, we obtained no evidence for the view that motor actions play a role in long-term memory for objects.

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