scholarly journals A Permissive Role of Mushroom Body α/β Core Neurons in Long-Term Memory Consolidation in Drosophila

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 1981-1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Huang ◽  
Xingguo Zheng ◽  
Hong Zhao ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Pengzhi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Mushroom Body ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Permissive Role

scholarly journals Systematic functional characterization of the intellectual disability-associated SWI/SNF complex reveals distinct roles for the BAP and PBAP complexes in post-mitotic memory forming neurons of the Drosophila mushroom body

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa C. Chubak ◽  
Max H. Stone ◽  
Nicholas Raun ◽  
Shelby L. Rice ◽  
Mohammed Sarikahya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Mushroom Body ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Functional Understanding ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Cellular Components

AbstractTechnology has led to rapid progress in the identification of genes involved in neurodevelopmental disorders like intellectual disability (ID), but our functional understanding of the causative genes is lagging. Here, we show that the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex is one of the most overrepresented cellular components disrupted in ID. We systematically investigated the role of individual subunits of this large protein complex in post-mitotic memory forming neurons of the Drosophila mushroom body (MB). Using this approach, we have identified novel differential roles for the two prominent conformations of the Drosophila SWI/SNF complex, known as BAP and PBAP. The PBAP conformation is required post-mitotically for remodeling of the MB γ neurons during morphogenesis and is essential for both short and long-term memory. In contrast, the BAP conformation appears to preferentially effect long-term memory and is associated with γ neuron survival. Our results suggest that different subunits of the SWI/SNF complex may influence learning and memory through diverse and distinct roles in regulating structural plasticity, survival, and functionality of post-mitotic neurons. This study provides novel insight into the neuronal function of individual SWI/SNF subunits and will serve as a basis for understanding SWI/SNF-mediated gene regulatory mechanisms in post-mitotic neurons.

scholarly journals 0119 The Role of Aging and Working Memory in Emotional-Long Term Memory Formation

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A47-A47
Author(s):  
N Sattari ◽  
L Whitehurst ◽  
K Vinces ◽  
S Mednick
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Improvement ◽  
Condition Interaction

Abstract Introduction It is widely accepted that “offline” processes during sleep contributes to memory. Working Memory (WM) capacity, which reflects “online” memory processing, is an important factor influencing cognitive functioning, which declines with age. In younger individuals, a positive association is reported between WM-capacity and declarative memory improvement. Methods We examined the relation between WM and long-term memory consolidation, among younger [N=105, 18-25yr] and older adults (N=119, 60-85yr). Subjects completed an OSPAN WM task, encoded a Word-Paired Association (WPA) task in the morning (Test1), and were tested on the WPA in the afternoon (Test2) after a 90-minute polysomnographically-recorded nap or wake. Half of the subjects were exposed to negatively valenced word-pairs (EWPA) while the other half were exposed to neutral word-pairs (NWPA). Subjects rated valence of the word-pairs at Test1 and Test2. We compared the four groups (young-EWPA, young-NWPA, old-EWPA and old-NWPA) on WM and WPA in both wake and sleep. Results In both wake and sleep, in the WPA, ageXword-condition interaction was found (p=.004). Post-hoc analysis revealed that in wake, younger-EWPA had higher performance (p=.03) than younger-NWPA, however, older-EWPA had lower performance (p=.03) than older-NWPA. Additionally, we found an ageXword-condition interaction whereby youngers showed no change in ratings, while older adults rated word-pairs more positively both in wake (p=.03) and sleep (p=.002) at Test 2. Youngers had higher WM performance (p=.007), also their WM performance was positively associated with WPA both for Neutral (p=.03) and Emotional (p=.01). WM and WPA among older adults was not related. In younger-EWPA, Stage2-sleep-minutes was positively associated to WPA improvement (p=.03) where this association was negative among older-EWPA (p=.02). In older-NWPA, Stage2-sleep-minutes was positively associated with WPA (p=.004). Conclusion Our findings indicate an association between WM and emotionally-salient memory formation that is modulated by age. Older adults, but not younger, showed the emotional bias previously reported. WM was higher in younger adults related to memory improvement. Stage2-sleep was related to memory improvement in both groups, but in opposite directions. In sum, the role of sleep in memory consolidation changes with aging and WM may play a role in this process. Support Fenn et al.,2012

ATP derived from astrocytes modulates memory in the chick

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie E. Gibbs ◽  
Maria Shleper ◽  
Tomris Mustafa ◽  
Geoffrey Burnstock ◽  
David N. Bowser
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Pyridoxal Phosphate ◽  
Purinergic Receptor ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
P2y1 Receptor ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Disulphonic Acid

Memory consolidation in a discriminative bead pecking task is modulated by endogenous adenosine triphosphate (ATP) acting at purinergic receptors in the hippocampus. Consolidation, from short- to intermediate- to long-term memory during two distinct periods following training, was blocked by the non-selective P2 purinergic receptor antagonist PPADS (pyridoxal phosphate-6-azo(benzene-2,4-disulphonic acid) tetrasodium salt hydrate and the specific P2Y1 receptor antagonist MRS2179. Direct injections of the ATP agonists (ATPγS and ADPβS) potentiated memory consolidation and the effect of ADPβS was blocked by MRS2179, suggesting an important role of ATP on memory consolidation via the P2Y1 receptor in the chick hippocampus. Incubation of astrocytes with ATPγS and ADPβS resulted in the increase of intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i), the latter being blocked by MRS2179 suggesting a specific role for P2Y1 receptors in the calcium response. This response was prevented by blocking astrocytic oxidative metabolism with fluoroacetate. We argue that the source of the ATP acting on neuronal P2Y1 receptors is most likely to be astrocytes. Thrombin selectively increases [Ca2+]i in astrocytes but not in neurones. The main findings of the present study are: (a) astrocytic [Ca2+]i plays an important role in the consolidation of short-term to long-term memory; and (b) ATP released from chick astrocytes during learning modulates neuronal activity through astrocytic P2Y1 receptors.

A link between role of two prefrontal areas in immediate memory and in long-term memory consolidation

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana A. Izquierdo ◽  
Daniela M. Barros ◽  
Jaderson Costa da Costa ◽  
Cristiane Furini ◽  
Carolina Zinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Immediate Memory

scholarly journals The Influence of Poststudy Action Congruency on Memory Consolidation

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-223
Author(s):  
René Zeelenberg ◽  
Sebastiaan Remmers ◽  
Florence Blaauwgeers ◽  
Diane Pecher
Keyword(s):  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Motor Actions ◽  
Better Than

Abstract. The actions associated with objects are thought to be automatically activated when processing object names. Recent studies, however, have failed to find evidence for a role of the motor system in long-term memory for objects. One exception is a study by van Dam et al. (2013) in which participants studied object names associated with pressing (e.g., doorbell) or twisting (e.g., jar), followed by pressing or twisting actions in a seemingly unrelated task. In the final memory test, performance for action congruent words was better than for action incongruent words. We aimed to generalize these findings. In Experiments 1 and 2, we found no effect of action congruency on repetition priming in lexical decision and man-made/natural decision. In Experiment 3, the action congruency manipulation was administered immediately after initial study or a day later, just prior to the recognition memory test. We found no effects of action congruency and timing of the action. Finally, Experiment 4 was a direct replication of Experiment 1 of van Dam et al. (2013) . Again, we failed to find an effect of poststudy action congruency. Thus, we obtained no evidence for the view that motor actions play a role in long-term memory for objects.

scholarly journals Effects of intrahippocampal administration of the phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid: Dual effects on memory formation

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica R.M. Vianna ◽  
Adriana Coitinho ◽  
Luciana Izquierdo ◽  
Ivan Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Okadaic Acid ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Potent Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitory Avoidance ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Step Down

Abstract Protein phosphorylation mediated by serine-threonine kinases in the hippocampus is crucial to the synaptic modifications believed to underlie memory formation. The role of phosphatases has been the focus of comparatively little study. Objectives: Here we evaluate the contribution of the serine-threonine protein phosphatases 1 and 2A (PP1, PP2A) on memory consolidation. Methods: We used immediate post-training bilateral hippocampal infusions of okadaic acid (OA, 0.01 and 10 pmol/side), a potent inhibitor of PP1 and PP2A, and measured short- [3 h] and long-term memory [24 h] (STM, LTM) of step-down inhibitory avoidance. Results: At the lower dose, OA inhibited both STM and LTM whereas at the higher dose it instead enhanced LTM. Pre-test infusion of these two doses of OA had no effect on retrieval. Conclusions: These two doses of OA are known to selectively inhibit PP1 and PP2A respectively. These findings point to the importance of these enzymes in memory formation and also suggest a deleterious influence of endogenous hippocampal PP2A on LTM formation.

The role of PKMζ in the maintenance of long-term memory: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamish Patel ◽  
Reza Zamani
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase C ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Global Memory ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Kinase C

Abstract Long-term memories are thought to be stored in neurones and synapses that undergo physical changes, such as long-term potentiation (LTP), and these changes can be maintained for long periods of time. A candidate enzyme for the maintenance of LTP is protein kinase M zeta (PKMζ), a constitutively active protein kinase C isoform that is elevated during LTP and long-term memory maintenance. This paper reviews the evidence and controversies surrounding the role of PKMζ in the maintenance of long-term memory. PKMζ maintains synaptic potentiation by preventing AMPA receptor endocytosis and promoting stabilisation of dendritic spine growth. Inhibition of PKMζ, with zeta-inhibitory peptide (ZIP), can reverse LTP and impair established long-term memories. However, a deficit of memory retrieval cannot be ruled out. Furthermore, ZIP, and in high enough doses the control peptide scrambled ZIP, was recently shown to be neurotoxic, which may explain some of the effects of ZIP on memory impairment. PKMζ knockout mice show normal learning and memory. However, this is likely due to compensation by protein-kinase C iota/lambda (PKCι/λ), which is normally responsible for induction of LTP. It is not clear how, or if, this compensatory mechanism is activated under normal conditions. Future research should utilise inducible PKMζ knockdown in adult rodents to investigate whether PKMζ maintains memory in specific parts of the brain, or if it represents a global memory maintenance molecule. These insights may inform future therapeutic targets for disorders of memory loss.

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