scholarly journals Can mantle convection be self-regulated?

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. e1601168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Korenaga
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Mantle Convection ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Mantle Melting ◽  
Planetary Formation ◽  
Radiogenic Heat ◽  
Radiogenic Heat Production ◽  
The Past ◽  
Intuitive Appeal ◽  
Mantle Temperature

The notion of self-regulating mantle convection, in which heat loss from the surface is constantly adjusted to follow internal radiogenic heat production, has been popular for the past six decades since Urey first advocated the idea. Thanks to its intuitive appeal, this notion has pervaded the solid earth sciences in various forms, but approach to a self-regulating state critically depends on the relation between the thermal adjustment rate and mantle temperature. I show that, if the effect of mantle melting on viscosity is taken into account, the adjustment rate cannot be sufficiently high to achieve self-regulation, regardless of the style of mantle convection. The evolution of terrestrial planets is thus likely to be far from thermal equilibrium and be sensitive to the peculiarities of their formation histories. Chance factors in planetary formation are suggested to become more important for the evolution of planets that are more massive than Earth.

scholarly journals Information Disorder and Self-Regulation in Europe: A Broader Non-Economistic Conception of Self-Regulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aznar
Keyword(s):  
Social Communication ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
The Public ◽  
Media Companies ◽  
The Past ◽  
European Institutions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Information Manipulation

Over the past decade, the problems arising from social communication have yet again become burning issues on social and political agendas. Information disorder, hate speeches, information manipulation, social networking sites, etc., have obliged the most important European institutions to reflect on how to meet the collective challenges that social communication currently poses in the new millennium. These European Institutions have made a clear commitment to self-regulation. The article reviews some recent European initiatives to deal with information disorder that has given a fundamental role to self-regulation. To then carry out a theoretical review of the normative notion of self-regulation that distinguishes it from the neo-liberal economicist conception. To this end, (1) a distinction is drawn between the (purportedly) self-regulating market and (2) a broader conception of self-regulation inherent not to media companies or corporations, but to the social subsystem of social communication, is proposed. This involves increasing the number of self-regulatory mechanisms that may contribute to improve social communication, and reinforcing the commitment of those who should exercise such self-regulation, including not only media companies but also the professionals working at them and the public at large.

Prayers

2018 ◽  
pp. 118-149
Author(s):  
Matthew D. O'Hara
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
New Spain ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future

This chapter studies the logic of traditional innovation by investigating a form of sanctioned Catholic practice. In the eighteenth century, a new movement flourished in many of the most important cities and towns of New Spain. Calling themselves Holy Schools of Christ, these groups combined collective piety sometimes associated with baroque Catholicism, such as the lashing of flesh, with an intense demand for self-regulation of an individual's thoughts and actions. The participants in the Holy Schools might appear as surprisingly modern in their attitude toward controlling the future and their attempts to achieve individual or collective improvement. Yet to characterize this movement as a moment of hybrid modernity in which elements of the past persisted despite a turn toward the modern would be deeply misleading. For the members and supporters of the Holy Schools, innovation required tradition. Individuals of this period, in other words, were often future-oriented without being modern.

scholarly journals Project Based Learning (PBL) as a Promising Challenge of Teaching Mathematics

1970 ◽  
pp. 379-409
Author(s):  
Miri Hilai
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
Mathematical Skills ◽  
The Past ◽  
Innovative Learning ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Individualized Teaching ◽  
Teaching Learning

Mathematics has always presented a challenge, both for teachers and for pupils, all around the world. Teachers of mathematics of all time periods are interested in having their pupils master the mathematical skills and love math. They deliberate on ways of teaching-learning, because of the tremendous gaps in their pupils’ cognitive abilities and their non-uniform abilities to pay attention and to concentrate. It appears that the main solution in the frontal mathematics lessons is offered to the average pupils, but the main goal is to provide a solution for the entire classroom population. Over the years I have searched for different ways beyond frontal and individualized teaching, so that I could provide a solution for populations with different needs in the mathematics lessons. My search for alternative ways derived also from the need to promote the achievements and to boost the motivation, interest, curiosity, and enjoyment in the learning of mathematics. Contemporary research indicates that there is practical innovative learning which is active and involving; it is called project-based learning (PBL). PBL provides a solution for the improvement of the performances in mathematics, for the motivation of the pupils, and for the inspiration of interest and curiosity in and enjoyment from this field of knowledge. From my experience as a teacher in the past and from the reports of my students in the Gordon Academic College for Education in the PBL course, in such teaching a solution is provided for the different populations in the class. The pupils are engaged in learning in practical and realistic projects that are relevant to their lives. They are more active and autonomous, work cooperatively, and develop patterns of behaviour of independence in learning, self-orientation, and self-regulation. These skills and patterns of behaviour are important to their lives as adults and cultivate the six functions of the learner that are derived from the curriculum in Israel: sensory-motor, self-direction in learning and in its management, intrapersonal and interpersonal, cognitive and meta-cognitive.

IRREVERSIBILITY OF THE COSMOLOGICAL EXPANSION

1987 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 133-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEORGE MARX ◽  
HUMITAKA SATO
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Radiation ◽  
Closed System ◽  
Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Mechanical Instability ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cosmological Expansion ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Gravitational Equations

The spectrum and isotropy of the relic microwave radiation indicates that the universe was in a state of thermal equilibrium in the past. The question arises: how could it happen that a closed system dropped out of its equilibrium? According to the models presented here this was the outcome of an interplay between the mechanical instability in the gravitational equations and the different scaling behaviors of differentiated materials.

Some new measurements of heat flow in the Superior Province of the Canadian Shield

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1486-1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm Drury ◽  
Alan Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Heat Flow ◽  
Canadian Shield ◽  
Superior Province ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Radiogenic Heat ◽  
Radiogenic Heat Production ◽  
Climatic Variations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
A Site

Borehole heat-flow measurements are reported from six new sites in the Superior Province of the Canadian Shield. Values adjusted for glaciation effects, but not for Holocene climatic variations, range from 42 to 56 mW/m2. When these new values are combined with 21 previously published borehole values the mean is 42 mW/m2 with a standard deviation of 11 mW/m2. The data for a site on the Lac du Bonnet batholith suggest that the batholith has a thin veneer, less than 3 km, of rock of high radiogenic heat production at the surface.

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