New Insight on Motor Behavior: The Link Between the Hopping Task and the Tracing Performance as Hint of Gross and Fine Motor Functions

Motor Control ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Bondi ◽  
Sergio Di Sano ◽  
Vittore Verratti ◽  
Giampiero Neri ◽  
Tiziana Aureli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Tablet Pc ◽  
Functional Link ◽  
Central Node ◽  
Tracing Test

The gross motor coordination tasks are thought to be likely not linked to the fine motor coordination tasks. The authors aimed to investigate this matter through a network analysis linking graphomotor (by tablet PC tracing), gross coordination (by Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder items), and strength (by handgrip) parameters in school children. Interestingly, the authors found that “Hopping” was the strongest central node, with linkages to “Quality” and “Speed” on tracing test. Handgrip strength did not link to gross coordination and graphomotor parameters, except with “Pressure.” Graphomotor performances suggested substantial peculiarities in developmental trajectories. Sport participation did not influence gross coordination nor graphomotor performances. The authors suggest considering the functional link between hopping and graphomotricity both in planning physical education and in understanding coordination impairments, through the developmental trajectories.

scholarly journals Laterality in Children: Evidence for Task-Dependent Lateralization of Motor Functions

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6705
Author(s):  
Danilo Bondi ◽  
Giulia Prete ◽  
Gianluca Malatesta ◽  
Claudio Robazza
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
The Body ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Motor Asymmetries

The behavioral preference for the use of one side of the body starts from pre-natal life and prompt humans to develop motor asymmetries. The type of motor task completed influences those functional asymmetries. However, there is no real consensus on the occurrence of handedness during developmental ages. Therefore, we aimed to determine which motor asymmetries emerged differently during childhood. A total sample of 381 children in grades 1 to 5 (6–11 years old) of primary school were recruited and tested for two fine coordination tasks (Floppy, led by dexterity, and Thumb, led by speed-dominated skills) and handgrip strength (HS). Data about their handedness, footedness and sports participation were also collected. Children performed better with their dominant side, especially for the Floppy and HS tests. The asymmetries were more marked in right-handed children and did not differ by age, gender or type of sport. Our findings support the thesis of a functional lateralization in complex coordinative tasks and in maximal strength during developmental ages. Furthermore, our findings extend the evidence of a stronger lateralization in right-handed individuals, demonstrating it at a functional level in primary school children performing motor tasks. Fine motor skills allow a “fine” understanding of developmental trajectories of lateralized behavior.

scholarly journals A School-Based Screening Tool for Adolescents With Low Motor Coordination Abilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 779-796
Author(s):  
Wala Mahmoud ◽  
Anne Delextrat ◽  
Patrick Esser ◽  
Helen Dawes
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Test Items ◽  
School Based ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Shuttle Run ◽  
Medicine Ball

This study sought to select the most relevant test items from the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition (BOTMP-2) and from a selection of health-related fitness tests for identifying school teenagers with poor motor coordination. The 241 participants in this study (144 boys, 97 girls aged 13–14 years old) were tested on the short form of the BOTMP-2 and on the following additional fitness tests: (a) seated medicine ball test, (b) broad jump, (c) handgrip strength, (d) alternate hand ball wall toss, (e) 10 × 5-meter agility shuttle run, and (f) Chester step test. We performed a factor analysis of participant scores on these various tasks and BOTMP-2 test items to reduce them to the least number of meaningful and useful items. Four factors explained 45% of the data variance: gross motor skills and power (including broad jump, hand ball toss, shuttle run, and sit-ups tests); fine motor skills (including copying star, following the maze and paper folding); core strength and balance (including push-ups, hopping, and balance beam); and general body strength (including medicine ball throw and handgrip). We conclude that an efficient school-based battery of test items to screen 13-14 year old adolescents for fitness and coordination should assess these four factors and might especially rely upon the broad jump, copying a star shape, hopping handgrip strength, aerobic fitness, and wall ball toss.

scholarly journals Shared Developmental Trajectories for Fractional Reasoning and Fine Motor Ability in 4 and 5 Year Olds

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Lindsey Clark ◽  
John Shelley-Tremblay ◽  
Julie Cwikla
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Fine Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Ability ◽  
Counting Task ◽  
Mathematics Tasks ◽  
Public Elementary Schools ◽  
Grooved Pegboard Test

We investigated preschool-aged children’s understanding of early fractional tasks and how that performance correlates with fine motor skills and use of gestures while counting. Participants were 33 preschoolers aged 4 to 5 in two Southeastern public elementary schools. Children were tested individually in an interview-like setting. Mathematics tasks were presented in a paper and pencil format and the Grooved Pegboard test assessed fine motor skills. Finally, utilization of gestures was evaluated by taking a behavioral rating of the child’s hand morphology, accuracy of gestures, and synchrony of gestures and spoken word while performing a counting task. Results indicate that performance on fractional reasoning tasks significantly predicts both fine motor ability and accuracy of gestures.

scholarly journals Creation of the WHO Indicators of Infant and Young Child Development (IYCD): metadata synthesis across 10 countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. e000747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian A Lancaster ◽  
Gareth McCray ◽  
Patricia Kariger ◽  
Tarun Dua ◽  
Andrew Titman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Common Scale

BackgroundRenewed global commitment to the improvement of early child development outcomes, as evidenced by the focus of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 4, highlights an increased need for reliable and valid measures to evaluate preventive and interventional efforts designed to affect change. Our objective was to create a new tool, applicable across multicultures, to measure development from 0 to 3 years through metadata synthesis.MethodsFourteen cross-sectional data sets were contributed on 21 083 children from 10 low/middle-income countries (LMIC), assessed using seven different tools (caregiver reported or directly assessed). Item groups, measuring similar developmental skills, were identified by item mapping across tools. Logistic regression curves displayed developmental trajectories for item groups across countries and age. Following expert consensus to identify well-performing items across developmental domains, a second mapping exercise was conducted to fill any gaps across the age range. The first version of the tool was constructed. Item response analysis validated our approach by putting all data sets onto a common scale.Results789 individual items were identified across tools in the first mapping and 129 item groups selected for analysis. 70 item groups were then selected through consensus, based on statistical performance and perceived importance, with a further 50 items identified at second mapping. A tool comprising 120 items (23 fine motor, 23 gross motor, 20 receptive language, 24 expressive language, 30 socioemotional) was created. The linked data sets on a common scale showed a curvilinear trajectory of child development, highlighting the validity of our approach through excellent coverage by age and consistency of measurement across contributed tools, a novel finding in itself.ConclusionsWe have created the first version of a prototype tool for measuring children in the early years, developed using novel easy to apply methodology; now it needs to be feasibility tested and piloted across several LMICs.

Perceived and actual arm performance in multiple sclerosis: relationship with clinical tests according to hand dominance

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1341-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilse Lamers ◽  
Lore Kerkhofs ◽  
Joke Raats ◽  
Daphne Kos ◽  
Bart Van Wijmeersch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hand Dominance ◽  
Clinical Tests

Background: The real-life relevance of frequently applied clinical arm tests is not well known in multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: This study aimed to determine the relation between real-life arm performance and clinical tests in MS. Methods: Thirty wheelchair-bound MS patients and 30 healthy controls were included. Actual and perceived real-life arm performance was measured by using accelerometry and a self-reported measure (Motor Activity Log). Clinical tests on ‘body functions & structures’ (JAMAR handgrip strength, Motricity Index (MI), Fugl Meyer (FM)) and ‘activity’ level (Nine Hole Peg Test (NHPT), Action Research Arm test) of the International Classification of Functioning were conducted. Statistical analyses were performed separately for current dominant and non-dominant arm. Results: For all outcome measures, MS patients scored with both arms significantly lower than the control group. Higher correlations between actual arm performance and clinical tests were found for the non-dominant arm (0.63–0.80). The FM (55%) was a good predictor of actual arm performance, while the MI (46%) and NHPT (55%) were good predictors of perceived arm performance. Conclusions: Real-life arm performance is decreased in wheelchair-bound MS patients and can be best predicted by measures on ‘body functions & structures’ level and fine motor control. Hand dominance influenced the magnitude of relationships.

scholarly journals Visuo-motor integration, vision perception and attention in mTBI patients. Preliminary findings

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250598
Author(s):  
Mariagrazia Benassi ◽  
Davide Frattini ◽  
Sara Garofalo ◽  
Roberto Bolzani ◽  
Tony Pansell
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Attention ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Motor Ability ◽  
Critical Flicker Fusion ◽  
Visuomotor Coordination ◽  
Form Recognition ◽  
Flicker Fusion

Patients with mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) often report difficulties in motor coordination and visuo-spatial attention. However, the consequences of mTBI on fine motor and visuo-motor coordination are still not well understood. We aimed to evaluate whether mTBI had a concomitant effect on fine motor ability and visuo-motor integration and whether this is related to visual perception and visuo-spatial attention impairments, including patients at different symptoms stage. Eleven mTBI patients (mean age 22.8 years) and ten healthy controls participated in the study. Visuo-motor integration of fine motor abilities and form recognition were measured with the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration test, motion perception was evaluated with motion coherence test, critical flicker fusion was measured with Pocket CFF tester. Visuo-spatial was assessed with the Ruff 2 & 7 Selection Attention Test. mTBI patients showed reduced visuo-motor integration, form recognition, and motor deficits as well as visuo-spatial attention impairment, while motion perception and critical flicker fusion were not impaired. These preliminary findings suggest that the temporary brain insults deriving from mTBI compromise fine motor skills, visuomotor integration, form recognition, and visuo-spatial attention. The impairment in visuo-motor coordination was associated with speed in visuo-attention and correlated with symptoms severity while motor ability was correlated with time since concussion. Given the strong correlation between visuomotor coordination and symptom severity, further investigation with a larger sample seems warranted. Since there appeared to be differences in motor skills with respect to symptom stage, further research is needed to investigate symptom profiles associated with visuomotor coordination and fine motor deficits in mTBI patients.

scholarly journals Clinical-enabled aspects after Neurotoxoplasmosis in a patient with immunosuppression: a case report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrielle Galanti ◽  
Verônia Corrêa César Rodrigues ◽  
Daniela Maria Ribeiro Vaz ◽  
Ana Paula Oliveira Borges
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Right Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
The Right ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Background: Neurotoxoplasmosis is an opportunistic infection caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma Gondii, frequent in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome who become immunosuppressed by the presence of the disease. It can be presented by one or more brain abscesses, encephalitis or ventriculitis. Objectives: case report of a volunteer after neurological sequelae of neurotoxoplasmosis in order to highlight the relevant findings for a neurofunctional rehabilitation. Design and setting: This is an observational, cross-sectional case report type study conducted at the Clínica Escola de Fisioterapia of the University of Franca (UNIFRAN), with CEP approval (CAAE 83164918.2.0000.5495). Methods: Female patient, 53 years old. In the physiotherapy sector, neurological evaluation of the components was performed: sensitivity, movement, tone, reflexes, motor coordination, balance and gait. Balance and gait were assessed using the Berg Balance Scale, the Standing and Walking Test and the Dynamic Walking Index. Results: After clinical investigation, neurological toxoplasmosis infection was found in the right cerebral hemisphere. The physiotherapeutic evaluation showed the presence of left hemiparesis, the presence of spastic hypertonia, patellar and achilles hyperreflexia, the absence of fine motor skills and the presence of a reaping gait. The BSE result was 32 points, the TUG was 10.3 seconds and IMD was 20 points. Conclusion: The compromises found have an impact on the functionality of the volunteer. This study emphasizes the valorization of neurofunctional physiotherapeutic semiology for a treatment proposal that promotes greater functional independence.

092 Effect of the dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) daridorexant on behaviour upon awakening in rats and dogs

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A38-A39
Author(s):  
Giorgio Bergamini ◽  
Catherine Roch ◽  
Sean Durkin ◽  
Michel Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Muscle Weakness ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Time Point

Abstract Introduction The ability to be fast alert and to interact with the environment without motor impairment upon waking up, is a critical feature of natural sleep. DORAs represent a new class of insomnia medications that specifically inhibit the wake-promoting effects of orexin neuropeptides. Daridorexant is a potent and selective DORA under late stage development for the treatment of insomnia. Here, we assessed the impact of sleep-promoting doses of daridorexant on rats’ and dogs’ behaviour upon forced awakening. Zolpidem (a positive GABAA receptor modulator) was used as active comparator in rats because of its known negative impact on motor functions. Methods Rats were woken up at different time points after oral administration of daridorexant (10, 30, 100 mg/kg) or zolpidem (30, 100 mg/kg) during their inactive phase, and repeatedly subjected to two motor tasks: 1) the rotating rod test (lasting 120 sec, at each time point) assessing gross motor skills and coordination, and 2) the forepaw grip strength test assessing fine motor skills and muscle strength. Dogs were presented with food as an external, salient stimulus, three hours after administration of daridorexant in gelatin capsules (10, 30 or 90 mg/dog) during their active phase. Behaviour and signs of muscle weakness, after having woken up, were assessed by manual inspection of video recordings and concomitant electroencephalogram/electromyogram recordings. Results In both the rotarod and grip tests, daridorexant treatment had no effect on motor behavior at any dose or time point tested, while zolpidem significantly reduced the time spent on the rotarod and the grip strength in a dose and time-dependent manner (N=12/group; p<0.001;) (e.g. at 30 min post-dose, time spent on the rotarod was 84, 79–89 and 10–19 sec for vehicle, daridorexant and zolpidem, respectively). Dogs treated with daridorexant were able to wake up easily upon food presentation. They behaved and ate normally and did not show any signs of muscle weakness. Conclusion The type of sleep promoted by daridorexant is surmountable in rats and dogs and similar to physiological sleep. It allows animals to easily wake up, to behave normally without motor impairment and to respond efficiently to the environmental conditions. Support (if any) Funded by Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd

Executive Function, Dexterity, and Discharge Disposition in Older Intensive Care Unit Survivors

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 484-488
Author(s):  
Maya N. Elías ◽  
Cindy L. Munro ◽  
Zhan Liang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Dimensional Change ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Discharge Disposition

Background Dexterity is a component of motor function. Executive function, a subdomain of cognition, may affect dexterity in older adults recovering from critical illness after discharge from an intensive care unit (ICU). Objectives To explore associations between executive function (attention and cognitive flexibility) and dexterity (fine motor coordination) in the early post-ICU period and examine dexterity by acuity of discharge disposition. Methods The study involved 30 older adults who were functionally independent before hospitalization, underwent mechanical ventilation in the ICU, and had been discharged from the ICU 24 to 48 hours previously. Dexterity was evaluated with the National Institutes of Health Toolbox (NIHTB) Motor Battery 9-Hole Pegboard Dexterity Test (PDT); attention, with the NIHTB Cognition Battery Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test (FICAT); and cognitive flexibility, with the NIHTB Cognition Battery Dimensional Change Card Sort Test (DCCST). Exploratory regression was used to examine associations between executive function and dexterity (fully corrected T scores). Independent-samples t tests were used to compare dexterity between participants discharged home and those discharged to a facility. Results FICAT (β = 0.375, P = .03) and DCCST (β = 0.698, P = .001) scores were independently and positively associated with PDT scores. Further, PDT scores were worse among participants discharged to a facility than among those discharged home (mean [SD], 26.71 [6.14] vs 36.33 [10.30]; t24 = 3.003; P = .006). Conclusions Poor executive function is associated with worse dexterity; thus, dexterity may be a correlate of both post-ICU cognitive impairment and functional decline. Performance on dexterity tests could identify frail older ICU survivors at risk for worse discharge outcomes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document