Improvement of Elite Female Athletes’ Physical Performance With a 3-Week Unexpected Disturbance Program

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorg Teichmann ◽  
Edin K. Suwarganda ◽  
C. Martyn Beaven ◽  
Kim Hébert-Losier ◽  
Jin Wei Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Female Athletes

scholarly journals The Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v on Iron Status and Physical Performance in Female Iron-Deficient Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1279
Author(s):  
Ulrika Axling ◽  
Gunilla Önning ◽  
Maile A. Combs ◽  
Alemtsehay Bogale ◽  
Magnus Högström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Iron Stores ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Iron is an essential micronutrient for oxygen transport and mitochondrial metabolism and is critical for physical performance. Compromised iron stores are more commonly found among athletes, and females are especially at risk. Iron deficiency is generally treated using oral iron supplements. However, only a small proportion of ingested iron is absorbed, necessitating higher intakes, which may result in adverse side effects, reduced compliance, and inefficient repletion of iron stores. The probiotic strain Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (Lp299v) significantly increases intestinal iron absorption in meal studies. The present study was conducted to explore the effects of 20 mg of iron with or without Lp299v on iron status, mood state, and physical performance. Fifty-three healthy non-anemic female athletes with low iron stores (ferritin < 30 μg/L) were randomized, and 39 completed the study. Intake of Lp299v with iron for four weeks increased ferritin levels more than iron alone (13.6 vs. 8.2 µg/L), but the difference between the groups was not significant (p = 0.056). The mean reticulocyte hemoglobin content increased after intake of Lp299v compared to control (1.5 vs. 0.82 pg) after 12 weeks, but the difference between the group was not significant (p = 0.083). The Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire showed increased vigor with Lp299v vs. iron alone after 12 weeks (3.5 vs. 0.1, p = 0.015). No conclusive effects on physical performance were observed. In conclusion, Lp299v, together with 20 mg of iron, could result in a more substantial and rapid improvement in iron status and improved vigor compared to 20 mg of iron alone. A larger clinical trial is needed to further explore these findings as well as the impact of Lp299v on physical performance.

Effects of Oral Contraceptives on Body Composition and Physical Performance in Female Athletes

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S34
Author(s):  
Anette M. Rickenlund ◽  
Kjell Carlstr??m ◽  
Bj??rn Ekblom ◽  
Torkel Brismar ◽  
Bo von Schoultz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Female Athletes

scholarly journals Athletes’ Physical Performance in the System of the Sports Medicine Technologies Effectiveness Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
Anna A. Kish ◽  
Evgeny V. Goloborodko ◽  
Sergey M. Razinkin ◽  
Artem M. Komlev
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Specific Loading ◽  
Rowing Ergometer

Aim. To determine the effectiveness of the specific loading testing use in assessing the athletes’ physical performance. Material and methods. We present a post-hoc analysis of data from specific and nonspecific loading testing (bicycle ergometer, treadmill, rowing ergometer, and ski treadmill) of 23 oarsmen athletes (13 male (mean age 25.85±0.88 years) and 10 female (mean age 22.90±1.20 years); 125 track and field athletes (75 male athletes (mean age 24.74±0.91) and 50 female athletes (mean age 23.81±1.35)), 38 ski athletes (22 male athletes (mean age 21.3±2.4) and 16 female athletes (mean age 19.6±1.8)). Results and discussion. When assessing the physical performance of track and field athletes of various positions using a bicycle ergometer and a treadmill, the maximum oxygen consumption (MOC) parameter for throwers and jumpers was in the range of 29-55 ml/min/kg (it is more appropriate to use a statoergometer), for runners – 39-75 ml/min/kg (testing on a treadmill is preferable). The greatest efficiency and physiological validity was obtained by load testing using a rowing ergometer for rowing athletes and a ski roller treadmill for athletes of ski sports (the ratio of heart rate at the anaerobic metabolism threshold level to the heart rate “on failure” is ~ 97%). With bicycle ergometry, low values of MOC were obtained in athletes training for endurance, and, including on the treadmill, in athletes with the main strength load and implies the work of the muscles of the upper shoulder girdle and back. The functional and reserve capabilities of the athlete are not reflected in the data obtained that makes impossible to judge the level of his/her functional readiness. Conclusion. Sports medicine technologies reflecting the dynamic characteristics of athletes’ physical performance should be evaluated from the point of view of informativeness and efficiency of their application depending on the type of sport. Conclusion about the effectiveness of sports medicine technologies should be made considering the results of the functional and physical performance testing under the exertion, specific to a particular sport.

scholarly journals Does Acute Caffeine Supplementation Improve Physical Performance in Female Team-Sport Athletes? Evidence from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3663
Author(s):  
Alejandro Gomez-Bruton ◽  
Jorge Marin-Puyalto ◽  
Borja Muñiz-Pardos ◽  
Angel Matute-Llorente ◽  
Juan Del Coso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Original Research

Introduction: Recent original research and meta-analyses suggest that acute caffeine supplementation improves exercise performance in team-sport athletes (TSA). Nonetheless, most of the studies testing the effects of caffeine on TSA included samples of male athletes, and there is no meta-analysis of the performance-enhancing effects of caffeine on female TSA. The aim of the present study was to synthesize the existing literature regarding the effect of caffeine supplementation on physical performance in adult female TSA. Methods: A search was performed in Pubmed/Medline, SPORTDiscus and Scopus. The search was performed from the inception of indexing until 1 September 2021. Crossover randomized controlled trials (RCT) assessing the effects of oral caffeine intake on several aspects of performance in female TSA were selected. The methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed for individual studies using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale (PEDro) and the RoB 2 tool. A random-effects meta-analysis of standardized mean differences (SMD) was performed for several performance variables. Results: The search retrieved 18 articles that fulfilled the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Overall, most of the studies were of excellent quality with a low risk of bias. The meta-analysis results showed that caffeine increased performance in specific team-sport skills (SMD: 0.384, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.077–0.691), countermovement jump (SMD: 0.208, CI: 0.079–0.337), total body impacts (SMD: 0.488; 95% CI: 0.050, 0.927) and handgrip strength (SMD: 0.395, CI: 0.126–0.665). No effects were found on the ratings of perceived exertion, squat jumps, agility, repeated sprint ability or agility tests performed after fatigue. Conclusions: The results of the meta-analysis revealed that acute caffeine intake was effective in increasing some aspects of team-sports performance in women athletes. Hence, caffeine could be considered as a supplementation strategy for female athletes competing in team sports.

Hyperandrogenicity is an alternative mechanism underlying oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea in female athletes and may improve physical performance

2003 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 947-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anette Rickenlund ◽  
Kjell Carlström ◽  
B.jörn Ekblom ◽  
Torkel B. Brismar ◽  
B.o von Schoultz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Alternative Mechanism

The relationship between lower-body stiffness and dynamic performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1144-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Pruyn ◽  
Mark Watsford ◽  
Aron Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Dynamic Stiffness ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Static Stiffness ◽  
Lateral Gastrocnemius ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
The Relationship

Greater levels of lower-body stiffness have been associated with improved outcomes for a number of physical performance variables involving rapid stretch-shorten cycles. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between several measures of lower-body stiffness and physical performance variables typically evident during team sports in female athletes. Eighteen female athletes were assessed for quasi-static stiffness (myometry) for several isolated muscles in lying and standing positions. The muscles included the medial gastrocnemius (MedGast), lateral gastrocnemius, soleus, and Achilles tendon. Dynamic stiffness during unilateral hopping was also assessed. Participants were separated into relatively stiff and compliant groups for each variable. A number of significant differences in performance were evident between stiff and compliant subjects. When considering the quasi-static stiffness of the MedGast in lying and standing positions, relatively stiff participants recorded significantly superior results during agility, bounding, sprinting, and jumping activities. Stiffness as assessed by hopping did not discriminate between performance ability in any test. Relationships highlighted by MedGast results were supported by further significant differences in eccentric utilisation ratio and drop jump results between stiff and compliant groups for the lateral gastrocnemius and soleus in lying and standing positions. Higher levels of lower-body stiffness appear to be advantageous for females when performing rapid and (or) repeated stretch-shorten cycle movements, including sprinting, bounding, and jumping. Further, the stiffness of the MedGast is of particular importance during the performance of these activities. It is important for practitioners working with athletes in sports that rely upon these activities for success to consider stiffness assessment and modification.

scholarly journals The Impact of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Athletes’ Performance: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1667
Author(s):  
Mikaeli Anne Carmichael ◽  
Rebecca Louise Thomson ◽  
Lisa Jane Moran ◽  
Thomas Philip Wycherley
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Menstrual Cycle Phase ◽  
Objective Performance ◽  
The Impact

The effect of the menstrual cycle on physical performance is being increasingly recognised as a key consideration for women’s sport and a critical field for further research. This narrative review explores the findings of studies investigating the effects of menstrual cycle phase on perceived and objectively measured performance in an athletic population. Studies examining perceived performance consistently report that female athletes identify their performance to be relatively worse during the early follicular and late luteal phases. Studies examining objective performance (using anaerobic, aerobic or strength-related tests) do not report clear, consistent effects of the impact of menstrual cycle phase on physical performance. Overall sport performance can be influenced by both perceived and physical factors. Hence, to optimise performance and management of eumenorrheic female athletes, there is a need for further research to quantify the impact of menstrual cycle phase on perceived and physical performance outcomes and to identify factors affecting variability in objective performance outcomes between studies.

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