scholarly journals The Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v on Iron Status and Physical Performance in Female Iron-Deficient Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1279
Author(s):  
Ulrika Axling ◽  
Gunilla Önning ◽  
Maile A. Combs ◽  
Alemtsehay Bogale ◽  
Magnus Högström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Iron Stores ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Iron is an essential micronutrient for oxygen transport and mitochondrial metabolism and is critical for physical performance. Compromised iron stores are more commonly found among athletes, and females are especially at risk. Iron deficiency is generally treated using oral iron supplements. However, only a small proportion of ingested iron is absorbed, necessitating higher intakes, which may result in adverse side effects, reduced compliance, and inefficient repletion of iron stores. The probiotic strain Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (Lp299v) significantly increases intestinal iron absorption in meal studies. The present study was conducted to explore the effects of 20 mg of iron with or without Lp299v on iron status, mood state, and physical performance. Fifty-three healthy non-anemic female athletes with low iron stores (ferritin < 30 μg/L) were randomized, and 39 completed the study. Intake of Lp299v with iron for four weeks increased ferritin levels more than iron alone (13.6 vs. 8.2 µg/L), but the difference between the groups was not significant (p = 0.056). The mean reticulocyte hemoglobin content increased after intake of Lp299v compared to control (1.5 vs. 0.82 pg) after 12 weeks, but the difference between the group was not significant (p = 0.083). The Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire showed increased vigor with Lp299v vs. iron alone after 12 weeks (3.5 vs. 0.1, p = 0.015). No conclusive effects on physical performance were observed. In conclusion, Lp299v, together with 20 mg of iron, could result in a more substantial and rapid improvement in iron status and improved vigor compared to 20 mg of iron alone. A larger clinical trial is needed to further explore these findings as well as the impact of Lp299v on physical performance.

Impact of Iron Depletion Without Anemia on Performance in Trained Endurance Athletes at the Beginning of a Training Season: A Study of Female Collegiate Rowers

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 501-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane M. DellaValle ◽  
Jere D. Haas
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
New York State ◽  
Iron Depletion ◽  
Endurance Sport ◽  
Iron Stores ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study was to determine the impact of iron depletion without anemia on performance in a sample of female collegiate rowers at the beginning of a training season (August 2008, January 2009, and September 2009). One hundred sixty-five female collegiate rowers from 5 colleges and universities in central New York State participated in a screening of iron status. Blood hemoglobin (Hgb), serum ferritin (sFer), and soluble transferrin receptor were measured to determine prevalence of iron depletion and anemia. Rowers’ habitual moderate and vigorous physical activity, as well as their best time to complete a 2-km simulated race during the previous 3 months, were self-reported. Sixteen rowers (10%) were identified as anemic (Hgb <12.0 g/dl). Using a sFer cutoff of <20.0 μg/L, 30% (n = 44) of the nonanemic rowers were identified as iron depleted without anemia and reported 2-km times ~21 s slower (p < .004) than rowers with normal iron status. Given the high prevalence of iron depletion reported in this and other studies, screening for low iron stores at the start of a training program in female athletes involved in an endurance sport may be clinically useful. In this study, irondepleted rowers (sFer <20–25 μg/L) reported a decrease in performance time compared with those with normal iron stores.

scholarly journals Consumption of a Double-Fortified Salt Affects Perceptual, Attentional, and Mnemonic Functioning in Women in a Randomized Controlled Trial in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 147 (12) ◽  
pp. 2297-2308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Wenger ◽  
Laura E Murray-Kolb ◽  
Julie EH Nevins ◽  
Sudha Venkatramanan ◽  
Gregory A Reinhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Attention And Memory ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Mnemonic Function

Abstract Background: Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia have been shown to have negative effects on aspects of perception, attention, and memory. Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to assess the extent to which increases in dietary iron consumption are related to improvements in behavioral measures of perceptual, attentional, and mnemonic function. Methods: Women were selected from a randomized, double-blind, controlled food-fortification trial involving ad libitum consumption of either a double-fortified salt (DFS) containing 47 mg potassium iodate/kg and 3.3 mg microencapsulated ferrous fumarate/g (1.1 mg elemental Fe/g) or a control iodized salt. Participants' blood iron status (primary outcomes) and cognitive functioning (secondary outcomes) were assessed at baseline and after 10 mo at endline. The study was performed on a tea plantation in the Darjeeling district of India. Participants (n = 126; 66% iron deficient and 49% anemic at baseline) were otherwise healthy women of reproductive age, 18–55 y. Results: Significant improvements were documented for iron status and for perceptual, attentional, and mnemonic function in the DFS group (percentage of variance accounted for: 16.5%) compared with the control group. In addition, the amount of change in perceptual and cognitive performance was significantly (P < 0.05) related to the amount of change in blood iron markers (mean percentage of variance accounted for: 16.0%) and baseline concentrations of blood iron markers (mean percentage of variance accounted for: 25.0%). Overall, there was evidence that the strongest effects of change in iron status were obtained for perceptual and low-level attentional function. Conclusion: DFS produced measurable and significant improvements in the perceptual, attentional, and mnemonic performance of Indian female tea pickers of reproductive age. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01032005.

The influence of high-altitude living on body iron

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 1441-1446 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Cook ◽  
Erick Boy ◽  
Carol Flowers ◽  
Maria del Carmen Daroca
Keyword(s):  
Standard Error ◽  
Transferrin Receptor ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Dietary Iron ◽  
Body Iron ◽  
Iron Stores ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Iron Based ◽  
Maternal Iron

Abstract The quantitative assessment of body iron based on measurements of the serum ferritin and transferrin receptor was used to examine iron status in 800 Bolivian mothers and one of their children younger than 5 years. The survey included populations living at altitudes between 156 to 3750 m. Body iron stores in the mothers averaged 3.88 ± 4.31 mg/kg (mean ± 1 SD) and 1.72 ± 4.53 mg/kg in children. No consistent effect of altitude on body iron was detected in children but body iron stores of 2.77 ± 0.70 mg/kg (mean ± 2 standard error [SE]) in women living above 3000 m was reduced by one-third compared with women living at lower altitudes (P &lt; .001). One half of the children younger than 2 years were iron deficient, but iron stores then increased linearly to approach values in their mothers by 4 years of age. When body iron in mothers was compared with that of their children, a striking correlation was observed over the entire spectrum of maternal iron status (r = 0.61, P &lt; .001). This finding could provide the strongest evidence to date of the importance of dietary iron as a determinant of iron status in vulnerable segments of a population. (Blood. 2005;106:1441-1446)

scholarly journals Impact of Spirulina corn soy blend on Iron deficient children aged 6–23 months in Ndhiwa Sub-County Kenya: a randomized controlled trial

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy Apondi Othoo ◽  
Sophie Ochola ◽  
Elizabeth Kuria ◽  
Judith Kimiywe
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Group Assignment ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Blood Drawing ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Risk Magnitude ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) remains high in Kenya despite interventions. Twenty-seven percent of children aged 6 months-14 years are anemic, with low iron intake (7%) among children aged 6–23 months. Standard food interventions involve a corn soy blend (CSB), which is limited in micronutrients, and fortifiers are not accessible locally. Moreover, the use of spirulina as a strategy for mitigating IDA has not been adequately documented. This study compared the impact of a spirulina corn soy blend (SCSB) on IDA among children aged 6–23 months. Methods A total of 240 children with IDA were randomly assigned to study groups at a ratio of 1:1:1 through lotteries, and caregivers and research assistants were blinded to group assignment. Dry-take-home SCSB, CSB and placebo flour (1.7 kg) was given to caregivers to prepare porridges using a flour water ratio of 1:4, producing 600 ml–700 ml of porridge to feed children 200 ml of porridge three times a day for 6 months. Impact was assessed as plasma hematocrit at baseline and after the study. Blood drawing, preparation and analysis were performed in accordance with approved procedures by the EthicsResearchCommittee. Monthly follow-up and data collection on dietary intake, anthropometry, morbidity and infant feeding practices were performed using questionnaires. Relative risk, magnitude of change and log-rank tests were used to compare the impact of the intervention, and significant differences were determined at P < 0.05. Results The survival probabilities for children consuming SCSB were significantly higher than those consuming CSB (log-rank-X2 = 0.978; CI: 0.954–1.033, P = 0.001) and the placebo (log-rankX2 = 0.971; CI: 0.943–0.984, P = 0.0001). Children consuming SCSB had a mean recovery time of 8 days (CI: 7–12 days) compared to those consuming CSB (19 days; CI: 20–23 days) and placebo (33 days; CI: 3 1–35 days). The recovery rate was 15.4 per 100 persons per day for children who consumed SCSB as opposed to 4.6 and 1.8 per 100 persons per day for those who consumed CSB and the placebo, respectively. Conclusion Management of IDA with SCSB compared to CSB and the placebo led to faster reversal and large numbers of recoveries from IDA. The recovery rates were above the World Health Organizations (WHO) minimums standards for food interventions. Efforts to realize high and faster recoveries from IDA should be heightened by fortifying CSB with spirulina powder.

Inherited and Acquired Modifiers of Iron Status May Dramatically Affect the Phenotypic Expression of Dehydrated Hereditary Stomatocytosis

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (22) ◽  
pp. 1281-1281
Author(s):  
Corentin Orvain ◽  
Lydie Da Costa ◽  
Richard van Wijk ◽  
Serge Pissard ◽  
Veronique Picard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Clinical Prognosis ◽  
Normal Value ◽  
Iron Stores ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Hereditary stomatocytosis is an inherited disorder of the erythrocyte membrane responsible of chronic hemolytic anemia. Recent advances in the understanding of this group of diseases came from the identification of the molecular basis of this disorder. Mutations in the SLC4A1, FAM38A, RHAG, and SLC2A1 genes have been shown to cause different subtypes of hereditary stomatocytosis. Dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis (DHSt) is due to mutations in the FAM38A gene coding for the mechanotransduction protein PIEZO1 and to the newly discovered mutations in the KCNN4 gene encoding the Gardos channel. It is important to recognize this entity and differentiate it from hereditary spherocytosis as patients with HSt develop severe and sometimes lethal thromboembolic complications following splenectomy. Also, some patients develop progressive and severe iron overload (IO) despite well compensated hemolysis and no or little transfusion requirement. It is unclear why patients have such different clinical features regarding hemolytic anemia and IO. We describe herein the impact of inherited and acquired modifiers of iron status on the phenotypic expression of DHSt. Patients & Methods: We describe four patients (3 related and 1 unrelated) with proven DHSt due to FAM38A mutations, who displayed varying degrees of iron load. Results: The four reported patients were referred to our specialized outpatient consultation (center of expertise on rare iron overload) for investigation. Their clinical, laboratory and radiological features are summarized in the Table. It is noteworthy that both index cases were initially referred for investigation of hyperferritinemia. Iron levels closely correlated with the degree of hemolysis and with the severity of the clinical complications. One female patient with severe iron overload suffered from chronic anemia, acute hemolytic episodes, and symptomatic gallstones requiring cholecystectomy while one male patient with severe iron overload suffered from a thrombotic event. The two other female patients with no or moderate iron overload had no or mild hemolysis. Genetic modifiers increasing iron stores, such as the presence of the HFE C282Y mutation, and possibly the gender (male), were accompanied with higher liver iron concentration, increased hemolysis and clinical manifestations. On the opposite, females with normal or low iron stores (iron deficiency anaemia (ID) due to gynecologic bleedings) displayed no or mild hemolytic manifestations. It is noteworthy that in the female with ID no clinical or biological manifestations of hemolysis and of stomatocytosis were found initially (normal specialized phenotypic tests). The diagnosis was made by genetic analyses. Restoration of the iron stores resulted in the appearance of biological signs of hemolysis. Conclusion: Iron overload or iron deficiency dramatically alter the clinical presentation of DHST due to PIEZO1 defects. The search for genetic or acquired causes of iron overload (or deficiency) is an important step in the evaluation of the clinical prognosis and the modulation of iron store may help in the management of the patients. Table Clinical, biological, and radiological characteristics of the 4 patients N: normal value; NA: not available; wt: wild-type; ID: iron deficiency Table. Clinical, biological, and radiological characteristics of the 4 patients. / N: normal value; NA: not available; wt: wild-type; ID: iron deficiency Disclosures Cartron: Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Gilead: Honoraria; Jansen: Honoraria.

Iron Status of Highly Active Adolescents: Evidence of Depleted Iron Stores in Gymnasts

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naama W. Constantini ◽  
Alon Eliakim ◽  
Levana Zigel ◽  
Michal Yaaron ◽  
Bareket Falk
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Iron Stores

Much attention has focused on the nutrition and hematological profile of female athletes, especially gymnasts. The few studies on iron status of male adolescent athletes found a low incidence of iron deficiency. The present study investigated the iron status of male and female gymnasts (G) and compared it with athletes of other sports. Subjects were 68 elite athletes (43 M, 25 F) ages 12-18, of four sports: gymnasts (11 M, 12 F), swimmers (11 M, 6 F), tennis players (10 M, 4 F), and table tennis players (11 M, 3 F). All lived in the national center for gifted athletes, trained over 25 hr a week, ate in the same dining room, and shared a similar lifestyle. Mean levels of hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell indexes, serum ferritin, serum iron, and transferrin were measured in venous blood. There was no difference in mean Rb among gymnasts (G) and nongymnasts (NG). However, Hb was less than 14 g/dL in 45% of M G vs. only 25% in NG, and less than 13 g/dL in 25% of premenarcheal FG vs. 15% in NG. Low transferrin saturation (< 20%) was detected in 18% of M G and 25% of FG vs. 6% and 8% in male and female NG, respectively (p < .05). The percentage of males suffering from low ferritin level (< 20 ng/ml) was twice as high in G (36%) vs. NG (19%), and about 30% in all females. In summary, iron stores were consistently lower in M G vs. NG. Adolescent athletes of both genders, G in particular, are prone to nonanemic iron deficiency, which might compromise their health and athletic performance.

scholarly journals Effects of Supplementation With Iron Syrup or Iron-Containing Multiple Micronutrient Powders on Neural Indices of Cognitive Functioning in Bangladeshi Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 656-656
Author(s):  
Leila Larson ◽  
Daniel Feuerriegel ◽  
Mohammed Imrul Hasan ◽  
Jerry Jin ◽  
Sabine Braat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Multiple Micronutrient ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Waveform Amplitude

Abstract Objectives Micronutrients, especially iron, play a critical role in the developing infant brain. Yet, the causal effects of iron supplementation on neurocognitive functioning in a low-income anemic population of children have not been examined. This study sought to evaluate the effects of supplementation with iron syrup and iron-containing multiple micronutrient powders (MNPs) in Bangladeshi children on habituation to familiar sounds, a marker for healthy memory development, using auditory event-related brain potentials (ERPs). Methods This study was nested within the Benefits and Risks of Iron Supplementation in Children (BRISC) trial, a double blinded double dummy randomized controlled trial (RCT). At 8 months of age, 3300 children were randomized to receive 3 months of 1) iron syrup + placebo MNPs, or 2) MNPs (containing iron, retinol, zinc, and Vitamin C) + placebo iron syrup, or 3) placebo iron syrup and placebo MNPs. ERPs in response to an auditory roving oddball paradigm were measured in a random subset of 441 children at 3 months post-intervention (11 months of age) and 595 children after a further 9 months follow-up (20 months of age). ERP measures indexing aspects of habituation included the [deviant minus standard] difference waveform amplitude, N2 waveform amplitude, and the difference in deviant-evoked ERP amplitudes between the first and second half of the paradigm. Intention-to-treat analyses on ERP outcomes using linear models were used at 11 and 20 months of age separately. Results Baseline characteristics were balanced between treatment groups. Overall prevalence of anemia was 43.7% and iron deficiency was 28.4%. Intention-to-treat analyses indicated no significant treatment effects of iron or MNPs on the difference waveform amplitude at 11 months of age [mean difference (MD, 95% CI) iron vs placebo 0.24 (–1.03, 1.51); MNP vs placebo 0.59 (–0.70, 1.88)] and 20 months of age [(MD, 95% CI) iron vs placebo 0.50 (–0.62, 1.63); MNP vs placebo 0.24 (–0.89, 1.38)]. There were no differences by treatment arm for the other ERP measures. Conclusions Results from a rigorous prospectively powered sub-study of an RCT in an iron deficient population indicated no significant effects of supplementation with iron or MNPs on neural indices of habituation. Funding Sources NHMRC and The University of Melbourne.

scholarly journals The Impact of Giving Sports Massage and Active Recovery on Lactate Recovery

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Mohamad Brilian ◽  
Surdiniaty Ugelta ◽  
Pipit Pitriani
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
West Java ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
The Impact

This study aimed to determine the difference in the effect of the sports massage recovery method and active recovery on the lactate levels of wrestling athletes. This research sample consisted of 6 female athletes in West Java PON wrestling divided into two groups, namely the group that used sports massage and used active recovery. The analysis and data calculation results revealed that active recovery showed more significant results in reducing lactate levels (3.8 ± 0.54) compared to sports massage (2.6 ± 0.23).

scholarly journals Iron status and inherited haemoglobin disorders modify the effects of micronutrient powders on linear growth and morbidity among young Lao children in a double-blind randomised trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (8) ◽  
pp. 895-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Y. Hess ◽  
K. Ryan Wessells ◽  
Guy-Marino Hinnouho ◽  
Maxwell A. Barffour ◽  
Kanokwan Sanchaisuriya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Status ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Modifying Factors ◽  
Micronutrient Powder ◽  
Haemoglobin Disorders ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSome studies found that providing micronutrient powder (MNP) causes adverse health outcomes, but modifying factors are unknown. We aimed to investigate whether Fe status and inherited Hb disorders (IHbD) modify the impact of MNP on growth and diarrhoea among young Lao children. In a double-blind controlled trial, 1704 children of age 6–23 months were randomised to daily MNP (with 6 mg Fe plus fourteen micronutrients) or placebo for about 36 weeks. IHbD, and baseline and final Hb, Fe status and anthropometrics were assessed. Caregivers provided weekly morbidity reports. At enrolment, 55·6 % were anaemic; only 39·3 % had no sign of clinically significant IHbD. MNP had no overall impact on growth and longitudinal diarrhoea prevalence. Baseline Hb modified the effect of MNP on length-for-age (LAZ) (P for interaction = 0·082). Among children who were initially non-anaemic, the final mean LAZ in the MNP group was slightly lower (–1·93 (95 % CI –1·88, –1·97)) v. placebo (–1·88 (95 % CI –1·83, –1·92)), and the opposite occurred among initially anaemic children (final mean LAZ –1·90 (95 % CI –1·86, –1·94) in MNP v. –1·92 (95 % CI –1·88, –1·96) in placebo). IHbD modified the effect on diarrhoea prevalence (P = 0·095). Among children with IHbD, the MNP group had higher diarrhoea prevalence (1·37 (95 % CI 1·17, 1·59) v. 1·21 (95 % CI 1·04, 1·41)), while it was lower among children without IHbD who received MNP (1·15 (95 % CI 0·95, 1·39) v. 1·37 (95 % CI 1·13, 1·64)). In conclusion, there was a small adverse effect of MNP on growth among non-anaemic children and on diarrhoea prevalence among children with IHbD.

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