Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Body Mass Index in the Czech Republic: A Nationally Representative Survey

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 903-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Mitáš ◽  
Ding Ding ◽  
Karel Frömel ◽  
Jacqueline Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Nationally Representative

Background:Post-communist countries have experienced rapid economic development and social changes, which have been accompanied by changes in health-related lifestyle behaviors, such as physical activity. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of domain-specific physical activity and total sedentary time with BMI among adults in the Czech Republic.Methods:We surveyed a nationally representative sample (n = 4097) of the Czech Republic in fall 2007 using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (long form). Multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine associations of physical activity, sedentary time and sociodemograhic characteristics with BMI.Results:Older age, lower educational attainment, and lower levels of leisure-time physical activity were associated with higher BMI. Compared with those living in large cities, men living in small towns and women living in small villages had higher BMI.Conclusions:This study has identified correlates of BMI in the Czech Republic. Although more evidence from longitudinal studies is needed, findings from the current study can inform interventions to prevent the rising obesity epidemic.

Problémy, vývojové trendy a investiční potřeby malých měst v České republice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Ježek ◽  
Renáta Ježková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Peripheral Location ◽  
Job Opportunities

In the last more than ten years, interest in the phenomenon of small towns has increased. The aim of the article is to identify development problems, future trends and investment needs of small towns in the Czech Republic depending on their location in relation to large cities and metropolitan regions. The results are based on a questionnaire survey of 184 small towns. The most important problems that small towns solve today include transport infrastructure, parking options, housing. In addition, small towns in a peripheral location also solve job opportunities. The biggest problem of public services is the provision of medical and hospital care. According to the representatives of municipalities, the future of small towns will be determined primarily by the aging of the population, the departure of young, educated and entrepreneurial people and the decline in population. The main investment needs include the revitalization of urban centres, housing, transport and mobility. The results of the questionnaire survey showed that small towns in the Czech Republic are a very heterogeneous group of settlements. The assumption that small towns in peripheral regions have significantly different needs than towns in a central location has not been confirmed. They differ rather in the degree of problem, respectively urgency of their solution. Their political support needs to be approached individually and such support programs need to be created that will enable the implementation of integrated strategies.

scholarly journals Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Sleep and Self-Regulation in Spanish Preschoolers during the COVID-19 Lockdown

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 693
Author(s):  
Alicia M. Alonso-Martínez ◽  
Robinson Ramírez-Vélez ◽  
Yesenia García-Alonso ◽  
Mikel Izquierdo ◽  
Antonio García-Hermoso
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
National Level ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Health Organization

Background: A better understanding of the effects of the lockdown on lifestyle behaviors may help to guide the public health response to COVID-19 at a national level and to update the global strategy to respond COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the study was to examine the effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on device-measured physical activity (PA), sedentary time, sleep and self-regulation; and to determine whether PA and sleep are related to self-regulation problems during the lockdown. Methods: PA, sedentary time and sleep were assessed using accelerometry in the week in which the Spanish national state of alarm was declared (n = 21). Parents reported preschooler’s self-regulation difficulties (internalizing and externalizing) before (n = 268) and during the lockdown (n = 157) by a validated questionnaire. Results: Preschoolers showed a decrease in total PA (mean difference [MD] = −43.3 min per day, 95% CI −68.1 to −18.5), sleep efficiency (MD = −2.09%, 95% CI −4.12 to −0.05), an increase in sedentary time (MD = 50.2 min per day, 95% CI 17.1 to 83.3) internalizing (MD = 0.17, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.28) and externalizing (MD = 0.33, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.44) problems. Preschoolers who met the World Health Organization recommendations for PA had lower internalizing scores than non-active peers (MD = −1.28, 95% CI −2.53 to −0.03). Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of meeting PA recommendations to reduce psychosocial difficulties during a lockdown situation.

scholarly journals Physical activity, sedentary time and their associations with clustered metabolic risk among people with type 2 diabetes in Jiangsu province: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e027906
Author(s):  
Yijia Chen ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Jian Su ◽  
Yu Qin ◽  
Chong Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Metabolic Risk

ObjectiveInvestigating the association between total physical activity, physical activity in different domains and sedentary time with clustered metabolic risk in patients with type 2 diabetes from Jiangsu province, China.DesignInterview-based cross-sectional study conducted between December 2013 and January 2014.Setting44 selected townships across two cities, Changshu and Huai’an, in Jiangsu province.Participants20 340 participants selected using stratified cluster-randomised sampling and an interviewer-managed questionnaire.MethodsWe constructed clustered metabolic risk by summing sex-specific standardised values of waist circumference, fasting triacylglycerol, fasting plasma glucose, systolic blood pressure and the inverse of blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol). Self-reported total physical activity included occupation, commuting and leisure-time physical activity. The un-standardised regression coefficient [B] and its 95% CI were calculated using multivariate linear regression analyses.ResultsThis study included 17 750 type 2 diabetes patients (aged 21–94 years, 60.3% female). The total (B=−0.080; 95% CI: −0.114 to −0.046), occupational (B=−0.066; 95% CI: −0.101 to− 0.031) and leisure-time physical activity (B=−0.041; 95% CI: −0.075 to −0.007), and sedentary time (B=0.117; 95% CI: 0.083 to 0.151) were associated with clustered metabolic risk. Total physical activity, occupational physical activity and sedentary time were associated with waist circumference, triacylglycerol and HDL-cholesterol, but not with systolic blood pressure. Commuting physical activity and sedentary time were significantly associated with triacylglycerol (B=−0.012; 95% CI: −0.019 to −0.005) and fasting plasma glucose (B=0.008; 95% CI: 0.003 to 0.01), respectively. Leisure-time physical activity was only significantly associated with systolic blood pressure (B=−0.239; 95% CI: −0.542 to− 0.045).ConclusionsTotal, occupational and leisure-time physical activity were inversely associated with clustered metabolic risk, whereas sedentary time increased metabolic risk. Commuting physical activity was inversely associated with triacylglycerol. These findings suggest that increased physical activity in different domains and decreased sedentary time may have protective effects against metabolic risk in type 2 diabetes patients.

A cross-cultural comparison of dietary intakes and physical activity between American and Czech school-aged children

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 986-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Humenikova Shriver ◽  
Gail Gates
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Usa ◽  
American Children

AbstractObjectiveThe prevalence of child overweight in the Czech Republic is substantially lower than that in the USA. The objective of the present pilot study was to explore dietary intakes, frequency of dining in fast-food establishments, and the amount and intensity of physical activity between a sample of American and Czech children.DesignA cross-sectional correlational pilot study.SettingFour public schools in the USA and four public schools in the Czech Republic.SubjectsNinety-five Czech and forty-four American 4–6th graders from urban public schools participated in the study. Dietary intake and number of fast-food visits were evaluated using two multiple-pass 24 h recalls. Physical activity was measured using the modified Self-Administered Physical Activity Checklist.ResultsAmerican children (mean age 10·8 (se 0·2) years) consumed more energy and fat, less fruits and vegetables, more soft drinks, and visited fast-food establishments more often than Czech children (mean age 11·0 (se 0·1) years). Although no differences were found in vigorous activity by nationality, Czech children spent significantly more time in moderate physical activities than American children.ConclusionsDespite the influx of some negative Western dietary trends into the country, Czech children had a healthier diet and were more physically active than American children. Further research is warranted to determine whether the same differences in dietary intakes, physical activity and fast-food visits exist between nationally representative samples of American and Czech children.

scholarly journals REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE ARMY OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Lašák ◽  
Vladimír Pavlík ◽  
Jana Fajfrová ◽  
Václav Šafka ◽  
Lucie Pravdová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
The Czech Republic

scholarly journals An analysis of university subjects from the field of adapted physical activity in the Czech Republic

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladislav Baloun ◽  
Martin Kudláček ◽  
Ladislav Čepička
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Adapted Physical Activity ◽  
The Czech Republic

scholarly journals Reurbanisation in Postsocialist Europe – A Comparative View of Eastern Germany, Poland, and the Czech Republic

1970 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annegret Haase ◽  
Manuel Wolff ◽  
Petra Špačková ◽  
Adam Radzimski
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Inner City ◽  
National Scale ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Eastern Germany ◽  
East German ◽  
Lively Debate ◽  
The Uk ◽  
German Cities

Since the 1990s, reurbanisation has become an increasingly frequent trajectory for urban development. Many formerly shrinking cities have been able to stabilise their population or even see new growth. Especially prominent in regions like Germany and the UK, but also observed across the whole continent, a lively debate on reurbanisation has developed as a reality of today’s, and a potential trajectory for tomorrow’s, cities in Europe.Postsocialist Europe has not so far been central in the reurbanisation debate, either empirically or theoretically. Subsequently, the postsocialist experience is missing in the discourse and the existing body of evidence. There is, however, some evidence that Czech and Polish cities are also seeing signs of new inner-city growth and a trend towards core city stabilisation.Against this background, the paper scrutinises the issues of reurbanisation and new growth after the shrinking of postsocialist cities. The paper uses the approach of a contrastive comparison between cities in eastern Germany, where reurbanisation has developed as the predominant trajectory for many large cities, and for cities in Poland and the Czech Republic, where this trend is considerably less prominent. It analyses the development of reurbanisation in these cities and their urban regions over the last few decades, its characteristics and the determinants triggering or impeding it. The paper includes data on a national scale as well as from relevant case studies of cities and their urban regions.It argues, among other things, that there is no “postsocialist model” with regard to influencing factors for reurbanisation. Eastern Germany, due to its specific postsocialist situation and transformation trajectory, can be viewed as an “outlier” or “hybrid” which exhibits characteristics typical of postsocialist and western welfare contexts and which is seeing especially dynamic reurbanisation after a phase of extreme shrinkage. Although there are clear signs of inner-city reurbanisation in Polish and Czech cities as well, it seems relatively unlikely that this process will reach the same high levels as in East German cities within the coming years. * This article belongs to a special issue on reurbanisation.

scholarly journals Cognitive Biases and Religious Belief: A path model replication in the Czech Republic and Slovakia with a focus on anthropomorphism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiyana Koka Willard ◽  
Lubomir Cingl ◽  
Ara Norenzayan
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Total N ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Belief In God ◽  
Paranormal Beliefs ◽  
Path Models ◽  
Supernatural Beliefs ◽  
Nationally Representative

A previous study explored the cognitive biases that underlie individual differences in supernatural beliefs using path models in samples of Canadian and Americans (Willard and Norenzayan, 2013). We replicated and extended these path models in new nationally representative samples from the Czech Republic and Slovakia (total N = 2022). As in the original model, we found that anthropomorphism was unrelated to belief in God, but was consistently related to paranormal beliefs. Living in a highly religious area was related to a lower tendency to anthropomorphize. We further examined this relationship and found that anthropomorphism is related to belief in God for non-religious participants only, and is inversely related to belief in God among religious Slovaks, but not religious Czechs. These findings suggest that religious beliefs and societal context can change the relationship between cognitive biases and supernatural beliefs.

scholarly journals Parent-Child Physical Activity Association in Families with 4- to 16-Year-Old Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagmar Sigmundová ◽  
Erik Sigmund ◽  
Petr Badura ◽  
Tomáš Hollein
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Mothers And Daughters ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Child Physical Activity ◽  
Day Of The Week ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Children’S Physical Activity ◽  
Parent Child

Background: The main aim of this study was to quantify the associations between parents’ and children’s physical activity by age, gender, and the day of the week on the basis of a pedometer-measured step count (SC). Methods: The sample comprised data from 4-to 16-year-old children and their parents from the Czech Republic (1102 mother-child dyads and 693 father-child dyads). The parents and their children wore the Yamax SW200 pedometer during seven days of monitoring. Results: The strongest SC association was found between mothers and daughters aged 4–7.9 years on weekdays (rp = 0.402; p < 0.01) and at weekends (rp = 0.577; p < 0.01). In children aged 8–16, the parent-child association is gender-specific, with the father-son relationship being dominant, especially at weekends (weekend SC: fathers-sons8–11.9 y rp = 0.416, p < 0.01; fathers-sons12–16 y rp = 0.443, p < 0.01). An increase of 1000 steps in the fathers (mothers) is associated with an increase of more than 400 (200) steps in their sons (daughters). Conclusions: This study confirms a strong parent-child SC relationship in children younger than eight years of age. In older children, the parent-child SC association is gender-specific and dominated by the father-son relationship, particularly on weekends. The SC associations that are revealed can be used for the development of physical activity programs for adolescents.

Physical activity can attenuate, but not eliminate, the negative relationships of high TV viewing with some chronic diseases: findings from a cohort of 60 202 Brazilian adults

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
André O Werneck ◽  
Adewale L Oyeyemi ◽  
Paul J Collings ◽  
Edilson S Cyrino ◽  
Enio R V Ronque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Viewing Time ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Background This study examined the joint associations of leisure time physical activity and television (TV) viewing time with the prevalence of chronic diseases among Brazilian adults. Methods Data from the Brazilian Health Survey, a nationally representative survey conducted in 2013 (n = 60 202; ≥18 years), were used. Time spent in TV viewing and leisure physical activity, physician diagnoses of diabetes, hypertension and heart disease and information on co-variables (chronological age, education, ethnicity, candies/sweets consumption, sodium intake and tobacco smoking) were collected via interview. Descriptive statistics (mean and 95% confidence interval) and logistic regression models were used for etiological analyses. Results Physical activity attenuated but did not eliminate the risk associated with high TV viewing for at least one chronic disease in the general population [odds ratio [OR]: 1.29 (1.11–1.50)] and among women [OR: 1.31 (1.09–1.60)], adults [OR: 1.24 (1.05–1.46)] and older adults [OR: 1.63 (1.05–2.53)]. On the other hand, physical activity eliminated the risk associated with high TV viewing for at least one chronic disease among men [OR: 1.24 (0.98–1.58)]. Conclusions We conclude that physical activity can attenuate but not eliminate the negative effects of high TV viewing on chronic disease among subgroups of Brazilian adults.

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