Velocity measurement in the startup flow of viscoelastic fluids through contraction with rectangular cross‐section

Designing for exceedance events consists in designing a continuous route for overland flow to deal with flows exceeding the sewer system’s capacity and to mitigate flooding risk. A review is carried out here on flood safety/hazard criteria, which generally establish thresholds for the water depth and flood velocity, or a relationship between them. The effects of the cross-section shape, roughness and slope of streets in meeting the criteria are evaluated based on equations, graphical results and one case study. An expedited method for the verification of safety criteria based solely on flow is presented, saving efforts in detailing models and increasing confidence in the results from simplified models. The method is valid for 0.1 m2/s 0.5 m2/s. The results showed that a street with a 1.8% slope, 75 m1/3s−1 and a rectangular cross-section complies with the threshold 0.3 m2/s for twice the flow of a street with the same width but with a conventional cross-section shape. The flow will be four times greater for a 15% street slope. The results also highlighted that the flood flows can vary significantly along the streets depending on the sewers’ roughness and the flow transfers between the major and minor systems, such that the effort detailing a street’s cross-section must be balanced with all of the other sources of uncertainty.

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Investigation of wind load alteration on rectangular cross-section tall building due to change in relative orientation of interfering building

Structures ◽

10.1016/j.istruc.2021.02.011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 970-981

Author(s):

Bharat Singh Chauhan ◽

Anupam Chakrabarti ◽

Ashok Kumar Ahuja

Keyword(s):

Cross Section ◽

Rectangular Cross Section ◽

Wind Load ◽

Relative Orientation ◽

Tall Building

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The Exact One-Dimensional Theory for End-Loaded Fully Anisotropic Beams of Narrow Rectangular Cross Section

Journal of Applied Mechanics ◽

10.1115/1.1412238 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 68 (6) ◽

pp. 865-868 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

P. Ladeve`ze ◽

J. G. Simmonds

Keyword(s):

Cross Section ◽

Plane Stress ◽

Rectangular Cross Section ◽

Dimensional Theory ◽

Explicit Formulas ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rectangular Shape ◽

One Dimensional ◽

Anisotropic Elastic ◽

Derivatives Of

The exact theory of linearly elastic beams developed by Ladeve`ze and Ladeve`ze and Simmonds is illustrated using the equations of plane stress for a fully anisotropic elastic body of rectangular shape. Explicit formulas are given for the cross-sectional material operators that appear in the special Saint-Venant solutions of Ladeve`ze and Simmonds and in the overall beamlike stress-strain relations between forces and a moment (the generalized stress) and derivatives of certain one-dimensional displacements and a rotation (the generalized displacement). A new definition is proposed for built-in boundary conditions in which the generalized displacement vanishes rather than pointwise displacements or geometric averages.

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