scholarly journals Human auditory discrimination of bottlenose dolphin signature whistles masked by noise: Investigating perceptual strategies for anthropogenic noise pollution

2019 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 1856-1856
Author(s):  
Evan L. Morrison ◽  
Caroline M. DeLong
Keyword(s):  
Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Auditory Discrimination ◽  
Anthropogenic Noise ◽  
Signature Whistles

scholarly journals Assessments and Control of Anthropogenic Noise Pollution in Students’ Residential Areas in Ogbomoso

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Ajayeoba
Keyword(s):  
Medical History ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Circuit Breaker ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Anthropogenic Noise ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Sound System ◽  
And Control

Increased rate of noise-associated risk factors such as speech interference and reduction in productivity, necessitated that control and regulation measures be put in place, to contain anthropogenic noise pollution in the students’ hostels. Therefore, this study assessed the various anthropogenic sources of noise pollution in students’ hostels and developed a Sound Level Monitor and Control (SLMC) device. 1250 undergraduate students across 5 students’ residential zones were sampled for demographics and investigations were conducted into respondents’ perceived medical history, identification of noise sources, and evaluation of hearing loss. Effects of noise levels were evaluated using 100 respondents’ rooms per zone following standard procedures, considering Sound-System-Only (SSO), Generators-Only (GO), and combination of Sound-System-and-Generator (SSG), loud-conversations, etc., as sources of noise. However, a noise control device incorporated with a circuit breaker was developed. The respondents were 51.2% male and 48.8% female, with 58% in the age range 18 – 27 years. The medical history showed that 1.2 and 6.4% had a hearing problem in short and long times, respectively, while 43.6% affirmed that SSO was a major noise pollution causal factor. SSO, GO, loud conversations, traffic, and grinding machines were identified as the prominent sources of anthropogenic induced noise. The minimum average SL result gave a value of 62.8400dB for both ventilated and unventilated rooms, which is 14% above 55dB threshold value recommended by the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency. The developed SLMC device gave notification at the SL above 55dB for 15 seconds before disconnecting the sound system if not regulated.

scholarly journals Fish in habitats with higher motorboat disturbance show reduced sensitivity to motorboat noise

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 20180441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry R. Harding ◽  
Timothy A. C. Gordon ◽  
Rachel E. Hsuan ◽  
Alex C. E. Mackaness ◽  
Andrew N. Radford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Cichlid Fish ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Anthropogenic Noise ◽  
Disturbance History ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Population Responses ◽  
The Past

Anthropogenic noise can negatively impact many taxa worldwide. It is possible that in noisy, high-disturbance environments, the range and severity of impacts could diminish over time, but the influence of previous disturbance remains untested in natural conditions. This study demonstrates the effects of motorboat noise on the physiology of an endemic cichlid fish in Lake Malawi. Exposure to motorboats (driven 20–100 m from fish) and loudspeaker playback of motorboat noise both elevated the oxygen-consumption rate at a single lower-disturbance site, characterized by low historic and current motorboat activity. Repeating this assay at further lower-disturbance sites revealed a consistent effect of elevated oxygen consumption in response to motorboat disturbance. However, when similar trials were repeated at four higher-disturbance sites, no effect of motorboat exposure was detected. These results demonstrate that disturbance history can affect local population responses to noise. Action regarding noise pollution should consider the past, as well as the present, when planning for the future.

Noise Footprint: A Proposal Within the Framework of FP7 AQUO Project to Define a Goal Based Approach Towards the Reduction of Underwater Radiated Noise From Shipping

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Baudin ◽  
Thomas Folegot ◽  
Michel Andre ◽  
Christian Audoly ◽  
Enrico Rizzuto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Group ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Anthropogenic Noise ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Maritime Traffic ◽  
Project Structure ◽  
Applied Knowledge ◽  
Future Work

The Marine Strategy Framework Directive has officially stated as soon as 2008 the anthropogenic noise due to shipping were to be mitigated. The policy makers, the yards and the ship owners still strongly rely on the expert studies and guidelines to find the appropriate methodology to assess and then mitigate the acoustic pollution impact shipping on the marine biota. To address this issue, the project AQUO “Achieve QUieter Oceans by shipping noise footprint reduction” (www.aquo.eu) started in October 2012 for 3 years. The AQUO project was built in the scope of FP7 European Research Framework. It involves 13 partners from 8 European countries, mixes academic experts, industry representatives from yard, classification society and other acoustic and bio-acoustic specialized bodies. Addressing the anthropogenic noise pollution into the marine biota is an increasing concern which is logically paired with the increasing commercial maritime traffic. The IMO itself has recently issued a first draft guideline, to be followed up during the next MEPC, addressing this matter. In parallel to the different achievements that are effective or in progress by standardization bodies or other delegated or assigned work group, the AQUO project aims to finally issue guidelines to be taken as methodological tools. The multi-disciplinary team of this project aims to comply with expectations from the different stakeholders. First, an overview of the project is given. The objectives and the related project structure are detailed so as to better understand which axes are chosen and studied. Secondly, it is here proposed to share the recent outcomes of AQUO project. The current status of applied knowledge, related legal decisions as well as standards empowerment are essential to identify the remaining needs and consequent expected efforts. Drawing first the background rationales the noise footprint concept is then detailed. The process followed towards the main objective of mitigating the anthropogenic noise from shipping will be partly revealed and completed by the expected future work to be achieved by 2015.

scholarly journals Cetacean Acoustic Welfare in Wild and Managed-Care Settings: Gaps and Opportunities

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3312
Author(s):  
Paige E. Stevens ◽  
Heather M. Hill ◽  
Jason N. Bruck
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Managed Care ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Anthropogenic Noise ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Acoustic Environment ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Deep Integration

Cetaceans are potentially at risk of poor welfare due to the animals’ natural reliance on sound and the persistent nature of anthropogenic noise, especially in the wild. Industrial, commercial, and recreational human activity has expanded across the seas, resulting in a propagation of sound with varying frequency characteristics. In many countries, current regulations are based on the potential to induce hearing loss; however, a more nuanced approach is needed when shaping regulations, due to other non-hearing loss effects including activation of the stress response, acoustic masking, frequency shifts, alterations in behavior, and decreased foraging. Cetaceans in managed-care settings share the same acoustic characteristics as their wild counterparts, but face different environmental parameters. There have been steps to integrate work on welfare in the wild and in managed-care contexts, and the domain of acoustics offers the opportunity to inform and connect information from both managed-care settings and the wild. Studies of subjects in managed-care give controls not available to wild studies, yet because of the conservation implications, wild studies on welfare impacts of the acoustic environment on cetaceans have largely been the focus, rather than those in captive settings. A deep integration of wild and managed-care-based acoustic welfare research can complement discovery in both domains, as captive studies can provide greater experimental control, while the more comprehensive domain of wild noise studies can help determine the gaps in managed-care based acoustic welfare science. We advocate for a new paradigm in anthropogenic noise research, recognizing the value that both wild and managed-care research plays in illustrating how noise pollution affects welfare including physiology, behavior, and cognition.

scholarly journals Pre- and Post-Partum Whistle Production of a BottlenoseDolphin (Tursiops truncatus) Social Group

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audra E. Ames ◽  
Riley P. Macgregor ◽  
Sara J. Wieland ◽  
Dianne M. Cameron ◽  
Stan A. Kuczaj II ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Group ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sound Environment ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Signature Whistles ◽  
Signature Whistle

The signature whistle of the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) is a well-studied acoustic signal know for broadcasting identity and maintaining contact with conspecifics. Several studies have investigated the use of this signal surrounding the birth of calves to dolphin social groups, although there appears to be discrepancies between the findings of these studies. We aimed to add to the current literature in an attempt to reconcile some of these inconsistencies through investigation of signature whistle production by a bottlenose dolphin group two months prior to and two months following the birth of a calf to one of the social group members. We found that the production of signature whistles matching the contour belonging to our dolphin mother increased significantly in both the pre- and post-partum period. Heightened production of the mother’s signature whistle type in the first week of our focal calf’s life supports the establishment of a recognition system within this time period. Given that learning processes associated with the sound environment appear to begin shortly after calf birth, we also explored the signature whistle rates of the other social group members in an effort to determine whether any signature whistle production influenced the development of the dolphin calf’s own signature whistle type. We found that the signature whistles of the other social group members were significantly lower than production of the mother’s signature whistle until after the first week post-partum. None of the signature whistle types appeared to influence the signature whistle development of our focal calf within the scope of this study, however, as the calf did not develop a signature whistle in her first two months of life.

scholarly journals Acoustic adaptation to city noise through vocal learning by a songbird

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1888) ◽  
pp. 20181356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Lynn Moseley ◽  
Graham Earnest Derryberry ◽  
Jennifer Nicole Phillips ◽  
Julie Elizabeth Danner ◽  
Raymond Michael Danner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Vocal Learning ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Anthropogenic Noise ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Frequency Noise ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Cultural Selection ◽  
Acoustic Adaptation

Anthropogenic noise imposes novel selection pressures, especially on species that communicate acoustically. Many animals—including insects, frogs, whales and birds—produce sounds at higher frequencies in areas with low-frequency noise pollution. Although there is support for animals changing their vocalizations in real time in response to noise (i.e. immediate flexibility), other evolutionary mechanisms for animals that learn their vocalizations remain largely unexplored. We hypothesize that cultural selection for signal structures less masked by noise is a mechanism of acoustic adaptation to anthropogenic noise. We test this hypothesis by presenting nestling white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophyrs) with less-masked (higher-frequency) and more-masked (lower-frequency) tutor songs either during playback of anthropogenic noise (noise-tutored treatment) or at a different time from noise playback (control treatment). As predicted, we find that noise-tutored males learn less-masked songs significantly more often, whereas control males show no copying preference, providing strong experimental support for cultural selection in response to anthropogenic noise. Further, noise-tutored males reproduce songs at higher frequencies than their tutor, indicating a distinct mechanism to increase signal transmission in a noisy environment. Notably, noise-tutored males achieve lower performance songs than their tutors, suggesting potential costs in a sexual selection framework.

scholarly journals First observations of anthropogenic underwater noise in a large multi-use lake

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Bolgan ◽  
Emilia Chorazyczewska ◽  
Ian J. Winfield ◽  
Antonio Codarin ◽  
Joanne O'Brien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Community ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Anthropogenic Noise ◽  
Underwater Noise ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Spectral Content ◽  
Freshwater Organisms ◽  
Passive Acoustic ◽  
Inland Water Bodies

<p>Over the last fifty years, anthropogenic noise has increased dramatically in aquatic environments and is now recognised as a chronic form of pollution in coastal waters. However, this form of pollution has been largely neglected in inland water bodies. To date, very few studies have investigated the noise spectra in freshwater environments and at present no legislation exists to protect freshwater organisms from anthropogenic noise. The present study represents the first assessment of anthropogenic noise pollution in<strong> </strong>a large multi-use lake<strong> </strong>by characterising noise levels of the main ferry landings of the lake of Windermere, UK using Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM). During November 2014, acoustic samples (10 min long) were collected from such areas using a calibrated omni-directional hydrophone and their spectral content was analysed in 1/3 octave bands (dB re 1 µPa). Results indicate that the current noise levels in Windermere warrant further investigation as a potential threat to the fish community which occurs in this already delicate and pressured habitat. Based on results obtained, it is recommended that further studies focus on a wider geographical and temporal range in order to start to fill the knowledge and legislative gaps regarding anthropogenic noise monitoring in fresh waters. </p>

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