Bilingual speech associations in phonetic representation

2018 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 1836-1836
Author(s):  
Margaret Cychosz ◽  
Erik C. Tracy
Keyword(s):  
Phonetic Representation

Mandarin phonological structure

1966 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Structure ◽  
Phonetic Representation ◽  
Phonological System

This paper attempts to present the Mandarin phonological system after the generative fashion.1 We find it convenient to treat this part of the grammar in two components: namely, a syllable grammar and morphophonemics. The former attempts to designate the structure of the basic syllables independently of the syntactic component of the grammar. It consists of a set of P-rules to generate strings of phonemes for the basic syllables. The latter operates on sequences of these syllables with intrasyllabic information designated by the syllable grammar, and with category and intersyllabic information which can be given by the syntactic component. It consists of T-rules and gives a phonetic representation of sentences as its output.

Analysis of the morphological variation of Basque

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gotzon Aurrekoetxea
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Dialectal Variation ◽  
Classical View ◽  
Underlying Representation ◽  
Insertion And Deletion ◽  
Phonetic Representation ◽  
Homogeneous Data ◽  
Phonological Rules

AbstractThe lack of homogeneous data recorded by similar methodologies has been a handicap to the development of more advanced studies on the dialectal variation of Basque. Now that the first five volumes of the Linguistic Atlas of the Basque Language have been published, researchers have access to a great amount of data and the possibility to use more sophisticated procedures to analyze the variation of the Basque language from a geolinguistic point of view.In this contribution, we use data taken from the fifth volume of this atlas, which is devoted to noun morphology. First, these data will be analyzed linguistically, and instead of using the phonetic representation, we will use the phonological or underlying representation. In order to do this, we will analyze the inventory of the morphological suffixes used in nominal inflexion cases and the phonological rules which appear in these cases (mainly assimilation, dissimilation, insertion and deletion), using the classical view of generative phonology.As far as the cartography of the data is concerned, we will use the recently created

scholarly journals DEVIASI FONOLOGIS TUTURAN BAHASA INDONESIA ANAK

Diksi ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Yulianto
Keyword(s):  
Complex Sentences ◽  
Deletion Pattern ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Phonetic Representation ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia ◽  
Cluster Reduction

This article explains the phonological deviations in Indonesian utterancesof children with the age range from 1.0 to 2.6, which represents a stage of languagedevelopment with the children of the age range from 1.0 to 1.6 producing their firstsingle-word utterances (SWU), those of the age range from 1.6 to 2.0 producingtheir first word combinations (FWC), and those of the age range from 2.0 to 2.6producing their first simple and complex sentences (SCS). The data show that 11phonological deviation patterns are found in SWU, 13 phonological deviationpatterns are found in FWC, and 7 phonological deviation patterns are found inSCS. On the basis of these available patterns, it could be stated that (1) the mostproductive patterns are stopping, gliding, nasalizing, and cluster reduction, (2) thedeviation patterns tend to decrease as age increases, (3) as children get older, thereduplication pattern is abandoned and the deletion pattern decreases, and (4) alateralization pattern occurs when children begin producing SCS. Most of thepatterns are universal since they also occur in the utterances of subjects of otherresearchers.Keywords : patterns of phonological deviations, children utterances, underlyingrepresentation, phonetic representation, SWU, FWC, SCS

Selective phonological impairment: a case of apraxia of speech

Phonology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Dogil ◽  
Jörg Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Distinctive Feature ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Motor Pattern ◽  
Feature Representation ◽  
Speech Comprehension ◽  
Speech Sounds ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Phonological Structure ◽  
Phonetic Representation

The present study proposes a new interpretation of the underlying distortion in APRAXIA OF SPEECH. Apraxia of speech, in its pure form, is the only neurolinguistic syndrome for which it can be argued that phonological structure is selectively distorted.Apraxia of speech is a nosological entity in its own right which co-occurs with aphasia only occasionally. This…conviction rests on detailed descriptions of patients who have a severe and lasting disorder of speech production in the absence of any significant impairment of speech comprehension, reading or writing as well as of any significant paralysis or weakness of the speech musculature.(Lebrun 1990: 380)Based on the experimental investigation of poorly coarticulated speech of patients from two divergent languages (German and Xhosa) it is argued that apraxia of speech has to be seen as a defective implementation of phonological representations at the phonology–phonetics interface. We contend that phonological structure exhibits neither a homogeneously auditory pattern nor a motor pattern, but a complex encoding of sequences of speech sounds. Specifically, it is maintained that speech is encoded in the brain as a sequence of distinctive feature configurations. These configurations are specified with differing degrees of detail depending on the role the speech segments they underlie play in the phonological structure of a language. The transfer between phonological and phonetic representation encodes speech sounds as a sequence of vocal tract configurations. Like the distinctive feature representation, these configurations may be more or less specified. We argue that the severe and lasting disorders in speech production observed in apraxia of speech are caused by the distortion of this transfer between phonological and phonetic representation. The characteristic production deficits of apraxic patients are explained in terms of overspecification of phonetic representations.

An Easy Symbolic System for Phonemes Which is Keyboard Compatible

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Beech
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic System ◽  
International Phonetic Alphabet ◽  
Short Forms ◽  
Compatible System ◽  
Restricted Form ◽  
Lower Case ◽  
Phonetic Representation ◽  
Do So

A keyboard compatible phonemic system is described. It uses those graphemes in traditional orthography which normally represent particular phonemes. This system has a certain degree of regularity, it can normally be stored compactly without the need for separators and, because it is grapheme-based, it can use the same symbols to represent speakers from different countries. The system's regularity is achieved by using the same grapheme which represents similar sounds in its lower and upper case forms (e.g., thick and this are represented as /thik/ and /THis/, respectively). Similarly, all short forms of vowels are in lower case and all long forms are in upper case. It is argued that most psychologists currently using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) do so in a highly restricted manner to represent the pronunciation of words (analogous to the representation of word sounds in dictionaries) rather than as a precise phonetic representation of sounds which is available in the fuller form of the IPA. When making such dictionary-based representations of phonemes, there is no advantage in using the restricted form of the IPA given the advantages of the proposed keyboard compatible system which is easy to learn, less susceptible to error by more experienced users, and can be easily stored on computer.

Generative Grammar (GG)

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-304
Author(s):  
Karim Nazari Bagha
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Semantic Representation ◽  
Generative Grammar ◽  
Standard Theory ◽  
Semantic Component ◽  
Structure Surface ◽  
Phonetic Representation ◽  
Phonological Rules

This article consists of eight parts: introduction, the organization of a Generative Grammar, operation of the system of base rules, deep structure, surface structure and transformational rules, standard theory, extended standard theory, revised extended standard theory, and minimalism. According to Chomsky, the grammar of a language establishes a relationship between sound and meaning, i.e., between phonetic representation and semantic representation. To discover this grammar is the primary goal of linguistics. One of Chomsky's attempts to accomplish this goal is the standard theory grammar, which has been outlined in the article. We note that the grammar consists of three distinct components: the syntactic component, which consists of a Lexicon and two types of syntactic rules, the Base and the Transformational, the phonological component which consists of phonological rules, and the semantic component, which consists of Semantic rules.

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