Effects of listener’s whole-body rotation and sound duration on sound localization accuracy

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 2676-2676
Author(s):  
Akio Honda ◽  
Sayaka Tsunokake ◽  
Yôiti Suzuki ◽  
Shuichi Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Sound Duration

scholarly journals Effects of listener's whole-body rotation and sound duration on horizontal sound localization accuracy

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akio Honda ◽  
Sayaka Tsunokake ◽  
Yôiti Suzuki ◽  
Shuichi Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Sound Duration

scholarly journals Effect of passive whole-body rotation on sound localization accuracy of listener subjective straight ahead

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-252
Author(s):  
Akio Honda ◽  
Yoji Masumi ◽  
Yôiti Suzuki ◽  
Shuichi Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Straight Ahead

scholarly journals Behavioral and modeling studies of sound localization in cats: effects of stimulus level and duration

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Gai ◽  
Janet L. Ruhland ◽  
Tom C. T. Yin ◽  
Daniel J. Tollin
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Stimulus Level ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Gaze Shift ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Spectral Coding ◽  
Sound Duration ◽  
Sound Spectrum ◽  
Level Effect

Sound localization accuracy in elevation can be affected by sound spectrum alteration. Correspondingly, any stimulus manipulation that causes a change in the peripheral representation of the spectrum may degrade localization ability in elevation. The present study examined the influence of sound duration and level on localization performance in cats with the head unrestrained. Two cats were trained using operant conditioning to indicate the apparent location of a sound via gaze shift, which was measured with a search-coil technique. Overall, neither sound level nor duration had a notable effect on localization accuracy in azimuth, except at near-threshold levels. In contrast, localization accuracy in elevation improved as sound duration increased, and sound level also had a large effect on localization in elevation. For short-duration noise, the performance peaked at intermediate levels and deteriorated at low and high levels; for long-duration noise, this “negative level effect” at high levels was not observed. Simulations based on an auditory nerve model were used to explain the above observations and to test several hypotheses. Our results indicated that neither the flatness of sound spectrum (before the sound reaches the inner ear) nor the peripheral adaptation influences spectral coding at the periphery for localization in elevation, whereas neural computation that relies on “multiple looks” of the spectral analysis is critical in explaining the effect of sound duration, but not level. The release of negative level effect observed for long-duration sound could not be explained at the periphery and, therefore, is likely a result of processing at higher centers.

scholarly journals Auditory Subjective-Straight-Ahead Blurs during Significantly Slow Passive Body Rotation

i-Perception ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 204166952110706
Author(s):  
Akio Honda ◽  
Sayaka Tsunokake ◽  
Yôiti Suzuki ◽  
Shuichi Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Passive Rotation ◽  
Straight Ahead

This paper reports on the deterioration in sound-localization accuracy during listeners’ head and body movements. We investigated the sound-localization accuracy during passive body rotations at speeds in the range of 0.625–5 °/s. Participants were asked to determine whether a 30-ms noise stimuli emerged relative to their subjective-straight-ahead reference. Results indicated that the sound-localization resolution degraded with passive rotation, irrespective of the rotation speed, even at speeds of 0.625 °/s.

scholarly journals Therapy-Resistant Atypical Downbeat Nystagmus with Vertigo Confined to Specific Head-Hanging Positions: Mapping to the Gravity Vector on a Multi-Axis Turntable

2021 ◽  
pp. 464-469
Author(s):  
Dominik Péus ◽  
Dominik Straumann ◽  
Alexander Huber ◽  
Christopher J. Bockisch ◽  
Vincent Wettstein
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cells ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Downbeat Nystagmus ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Atypical Case ◽  
Anterior Semicircular Canal ◽  
Head Positions ◽  
Peripheral Origin

Downbeat nystagmus (DBN) observed in head-hanging positions, may be of central or peripheral origin. Central DBN in head-hanging positions is mostly due to a disorder of the vestibulo-cerebellum, whereas peripheral DBN is usually attributed to canalolithiasis of an anterior semicircular canal. Here, we describe an atypical case of a patient who, after head trauma, experienced severe and stereotypic vertigo attacks after being placed in various head-hanging positions. Vertigo lasted 10–15 s and was always associated with a robust DBN. The provocation of transient vertigo and DBN, which both showed no decrease upon repetition of maneuvers, depended on the yaw orientation relative to the trunk and the angle of backward pitch. On a motorized, multi-axis turntable, we identified the two-dimensional Helmholtz coordinates of head positions at which vertigo and DBN occurred (<i>y</i>-axis: horizontal, space-fixed; <i>z</i>-axis: vertical, and head-fixed; <i>x</i>-axis: torsional, head-fixed, and unchanged). This two-dimensional area of DBN-associated head positions did not change when whole-body rotations took different paths (e.g., by forwarding pitch) or were executed with different velocities. Moreover, the intensity of DBN was also independent of whole-body rotation paths and velocities. So far, therapeutic approaches with repeated liberation maneuvers and cranial vibrations were not successful. We speculate that vertigo and DBN in this patient are due to macular damage, possibly an unstable otolithic membrane that, in specific orientations relative to gravity, slips into a position causing paroxysmal stimulation or inhibition of macular hair cells.

scholarly journals Antihysteresis of perceived longitudinal body axis during continuous quasi-static whole-body rotation in the earth-vertical roll plane

2011 ◽  
Vol 209 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-454
Author(s):  
M. Tatalias ◽  
C. J. Bockisch ◽  
G. Bertolini ◽  
D. Straumann ◽  
A. Palla
Keyword(s):  
Body Axis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Longitudinal Body Axis ◽  
Vertical Roll ◽  
The Earth

scholarly journals Contribution of bone-reverberated waves to sound localization of dolphins: A numerical model

Acta Acustica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Aida Hejazi Nooghabi ◽  
Quentin Grimal ◽  
Anthony Herrel ◽  
Michael Reinwald ◽  
Lapo Boschi
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Sound Localization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Bone Modeling ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Future Work

We implement a new algorithm to model acoustic wave propagation through and around a dolphin skull, using the k-Wave software package [1]. The equation of motion is integrated numerically in a complex three-dimensional structure via a pseudospectral scheme which, importantly, accounts for lateral heterogeneities in the mechanical properties of bone. Modeling wave propagation in the skull of dolphins contributes to our understanding of how their sound localization and echolocation mechanisms work. Dolphins are known to be highly effective at localizing sound sources; in particular, they have been shown to be equally sensitive to changes in the elevation and azimuth of the sound source, while other studied species, e.g. humans, are much more sensitive to the latter than to the former. A laboratory experiment conducted by our team on a dry skull [2] has shown that sound reverberated in bones could possibly play an important role in enhancing localization accuracy, and it has been speculated that the dolphin sound localization system could somehow rely on the analysis of this information. We employ our new numerical model to simulate the response of the same skull used by [2] to sound sources at a wide and dense set of locations on the vertical plane. This work is the first step towards the implementation of a new tool for modeling source (echo)location in dolphins; in future work, this will allow us to effectively explore a wide variety of emitted signals and anatomical features.

Role of the Cerebellar Flocculus Region in the Coordination of Eye and Head Movements During Gaze Pursuit

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 1614-1626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Belton ◽  
Robert A. McCrea
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Smooth Pursuit ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Head Tracking ◽  
Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Pursuit Eye Movements ◽  
Smooth Tracking ◽  
Eye Velocity

The contribution of the flocculus region of the cerebellum to horizontal gaze pursuit was studied in squirrel monkeys. When the head was free to move, the monkeys pursued targets with a combination of smooth eye and head movements; with the majority of the gaze velocity produced by smooth tracking head movements. In the accompanying study we reported that the flocculus region was necessary for cancellation of the vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) evoked by passive whole body rotation. The question addressed in this study was whether the flocculus region of the cerebellum also plays a role in canceling the VOR produced by active head movements during gaze pursuit. The firing behavior of 121 Purkinje (Pk) cells that were sensitive to horizontal smooth pursuit eye movements was studied. The sample included 66 eye velocity Pk cells and 55 gaze velocity Pk cells. All of the cells remained sensitive to smooth pursuit eye movements during combined eye and head tracking. Eye velocity Pk cells were insensitive to smooth pursuit head movements. Gaze velocity Pk cells were nearly as sensitive to active smooth pursuit head movements as they were passive whole body rotation; but they were less than half as sensitive (≈43%) to smooth pursuit head movements as they were to smooth pursuit eye movements. Considered as a whole, the Pk cells in the flocculus region of the cerebellar cortex were <20% as sensitive to smooth pursuit head movements as they were to smooth pursuit eye movements, which suggests that this region does not produce signals sufficient to cancel the VOR during smooth head tracking. The comparative effect of injections of muscimol into the flocculus region on smooth pursuit eye and head movements was studied in two monkeys. Muscimol inactivation of the flocculus region profoundly affected smooth pursuit eye movements but had little effect on smooth pursuit head movements or on smooth tracking of visual targets when the head was free to move. We conclude that the signals produced by flocculus region Pk cells are neither necessary nor sufficient to cancel the VOR during gaze pursuit.

Latency of vestibular responses of pursuit neurons in the caudal frontal eye fields (FEF) to whole body rotation

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. S95
Author(s):  
Teppei Akao ◽  
Hiroshi Saito ◽  
Junko Fukushima ◽  
Sergei Kurkin ◽  
Kikuro Fukushima
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body ◽  
Frontal Eye Fields ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Pursuit Neurons

Effects of a listener’s very slow rotation on sound localization accuracy

2016 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 3269-3269
Author(s):  
Sayaka Tsunokake ◽  
Akio Honda ◽  
Yôiti Suzuki ◽  
Shuichi Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Slow Rotation ◽  
Localization Accuracy
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