Effects of a listener’s very slow rotation on sound localization accuracy

2016 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 3269-3269
Author(s):  
Sayaka Tsunokake ◽  
Akio Honda ◽  
Yôiti Suzuki ◽  
Shuichi Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Slow Rotation ◽  
Localization Accuracy

scholarly journals Contribution of bone-reverberated waves to sound localization of dolphins: A numerical model

Acta Acustica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Aida Hejazi Nooghabi ◽  
Quentin Grimal ◽  
Anthony Herrel ◽  
Michael Reinwald ◽  
Lapo Boschi
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Sound Localization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Bone Modeling ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Future Work

We implement a new algorithm to model acoustic wave propagation through and around a dolphin skull, using the k-Wave software package [1]. The equation of motion is integrated numerically in a complex three-dimensional structure via a pseudospectral scheme which, importantly, accounts for lateral heterogeneities in the mechanical properties of bone. Modeling wave propagation in the skull of dolphins contributes to our understanding of how their sound localization and echolocation mechanisms work. Dolphins are known to be highly effective at localizing sound sources; in particular, they have been shown to be equally sensitive to changes in the elevation and azimuth of the sound source, while other studied species, e.g. humans, are much more sensitive to the latter than to the former. A laboratory experiment conducted by our team on a dry skull [2] has shown that sound reverberated in bones could possibly play an important role in enhancing localization accuracy, and it has been speculated that the dolphin sound localization system could somehow rely on the analysis of this information. We employ our new numerical model to simulate the response of the same skull used by [2] to sound sources at a wide and dense set of locations on the vertical plane. This work is the first step towards the implementation of a new tool for modeling source (echo)location in dolphins; in future work, this will allow us to effectively explore a wide variety of emitted signals and anatomical features.

Effects of listener’s whole-body rotation and sound duration on sound localization accuracy

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 2676-2676
Author(s):  
Akio Honda ◽  
Sayaka Tsunokake ◽  
Yôiti Suzuki ◽  
Shuichi Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Sound Duration

scholarly journals Reducing the Device Delay Mismatch Can Improve Sound Localization in Bimodal Cochlear Implant/Hearing-Aid Users

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 233121651984387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Zirn ◽  
Julian Angermeier ◽  
Susan Arndt ◽  
Antje Aschendorff ◽  
Thomas Wesarg
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Sound Localization ◽  
Delay Line ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Interaural Time Differences ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Everyday Situation ◽  
Acclimatization Period ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Line P

In users of a cochlear implant (CI) together with a contralateral hearing aid (HA), so-called bimodal listeners, differences in processing latencies between digital HA and CI up to 9 ms constantly superimpose interaural time differences. In the present study, the effect of this device delay mismatch on sound localization accuracy was investigated. For this purpose, localization accuracy in the frontal horizontal plane was measured with the original and minimized device delay mismatch. The reduction was achieved by delaying the CI stimulation according to the delay of the individually worn HA. For this, a portable, programmable, battery-powered delay line based on a ring buffer running on a microcontroller was designed and assembled. After an acclimatization period to the delayed CI stimulation of 1 hr, the nine bimodal study participants showed a highly significant improvement in localization accuracy of 11.6% compared with the everyday situation without the delay line ( p < .01). Concluding, delaying CI stimulation to minimize the device delay mismatch seems to be a promising method to increase sound localization accuracy in bimodal listeners.

scholarly journals Effects of listener's whole-body rotation and sound duration on horizontal sound localization accuracy

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akio Honda ◽  
Sayaka Tsunokake ◽  
Yôiti Suzuki ◽  
Shuichi Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Sound Duration

Gravitoinertial Force Magnitude and Direction Influence Head-Centric Auditory Localization

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 2455-2460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul DiZio ◽  
Richard Held ◽  
James R. Lackner ◽  
Barbara Shinn-Cunningham ◽  
Nathaniel Durlach
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Acoustic Stimulus ◽  
Median Plane ◽  
Broadband Noise ◽  
Auditory Localization ◽  
Slow Rotation ◽  
Angular Deviation ◽  
Midsagittal Plane ◽  
Gravitoinertial Force ◽  
Straight Ahead

We measured the influence of gravitoinertial force (GIF) magnitude and direction on head-centric auditory localization to determine whether a true audiogravic illusion exists. In experiment 1, supine subjects adjusted computer-generated dichotic stimuli until they heard a fused sound straight ahead in the midsagittal plane of the head under a variety of GIF conditions generated in a slow-rotation room. The dichotic stimuli were constructed by convolving broadband noise with head-related transfer function pairs that model the acoustic filtering at the listener's ears. These stimuli give rise to the perception of externally localized sounds. When the GIF was increased from 1 to 2 g and rotated 60° rightward relative to the head and body, subjects on average set an acoustic stimulus 7.3° right of their head's median plane to hear it as straight ahead. When the GIF was doubled and rotated 60° leftward, subjects set the sound 6.8° leftward of baseline values to hear it as centered. In experiment 2, increasing the GIF in the median plane of the supine body to 2 g did not influence auditory localization. In experiment 3, tilts up to 75° of the supine body relative to the normal 1 g GIF led to small shifts, 1–2°, of auditory setting toward the up ear to maintain a head-centered sound localization. These results show that head-centric auditory localization is affected by azimuthal rotation and increase in magnitude of the GIF and demonstrate that an audiogravic illusion exists. Sound localization is shifted in the direction opposite GIF rotation by an amount related to the magnitude of the GIF and its angular deviation relative to the median plane.

scholarly journals The role of spectral composition of sounds on the localization of sound sources by cats

2013 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 1658-1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Tollin ◽  
Janet L. Ruhland ◽  
Tom C. T. Yin
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
Gaze Shift ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Localization Performance ◽  
High Pass

Sound localization along the azimuthal dimension depends on interaural time and level disparities, whereas localization in elevation depends on broadband power spectra resulting from the filtering properties of the head and pinnae. We trained cats with their heads unrestrained, using operant conditioning to indicate the apparent locations of sounds via gaze shift. Targets consisted of broadband (BB), high-pass (HP), or low-pass (LP) noise, tones from 0.5 to 14 kHz, and 1/6 octave narrow-band (NB) noise with center frequencies ranging from 6 to 16 kHz. For each sound type, localization performance was summarized by the slope of the regression relating actual gaze shift to desired gaze shift. Overall localization accuracy for BB noise was comparable in azimuth and in elevation but was markedly better in azimuth than in elevation for sounds with limited spectra. Gaze shifts to targets in azimuth were most accurate to BB, less accurate for HP, LP, and NB sounds, and considerably less accurate for tones. In elevation, cats were most accurate in localizing BB, somewhat less accurate to HP, and less yet to LP noise (although still with slopes ∼0.60), but they localized NB noise much worse and were unable to localize tones. Deterioration of localization as bandwidth narrows is consistent with the hypothesis that spectral information is critical for sound localization in elevation. For NB noise or tones in elevation, unlike humans, most cats did not have unique responses at different frequencies, and some appeared to respond with a “default” location at all frequencies.

Sound Localization Accuracy on Vertical and Horizontal Planes

1979 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Broadley ◽  
John Kirkland
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Localization Accuracy

scholarly journals Behavioral and modeling studies of sound localization in cats: effects of stimulus level and duration

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Gai ◽  
Janet L. Ruhland ◽  
Tom C. T. Yin ◽  
Daniel J. Tollin
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Stimulus Level ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Gaze Shift ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Spectral Coding ◽  
Sound Duration ◽  
Sound Spectrum ◽  
Level Effect

Sound localization accuracy in elevation can be affected by sound spectrum alteration. Correspondingly, any stimulus manipulation that causes a change in the peripheral representation of the spectrum may degrade localization ability in elevation. The present study examined the influence of sound duration and level on localization performance in cats with the head unrestrained. Two cats were trained using operant conditioning to indicate the apparent location of a sound via gaze shift, which was measured with a search-coil technique. Overall, neither sound level nor duration had a notable effect on localization accuracy in azimuth, except at near-threshold levels. In contrast, localization accuracy in elevation improved as sound duration increased, and sound level also had a large effect on localization in elevation. For short-duration noise, the performance peaked at intermediate levels and deteriorated at low and high levels; for long-duration noise, this “negative level effect” at high levels was not observed. Simulations based on an auditory nerve model were used to explain the above observations and to test several hypotheses. Our results indicated that neither the flatness of sound spectrum (before the sound reaches the inner ear) nor the peripheral adaptation influences spectral coding at the periphery for localization in elevation, whereas neural computation that relies on “multiple looks” of the spectral analysis is critical in explaining the effect of sound duration, but not level. The release of negative level effect observed for long-duration sound could not be explained at the periphery and, therefore, is likely a result of processing at higher centers.

scholarly journals Sound Localization Bias and Error in Bimodal Listeners Improve Instantaneously When the Device Delay Mismatch Is Reduced

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 233121652110161
Author(s):  
Julian Angermeier ◽  
Werner Hemmert ◽  
Stefan Zirn
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Source Localization ◽  
Sound Source ◽  
Travelling Wave ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Sound Source Localization ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Contralateral Ear ◽  
Processing Delay ◽  
Interaural Time Delay

Users of a cochlear implant (CI) in one ear, who are provided with a hearing aid (HA) in the contralateral ear, so-called bimodal listeners, are typically affected by a constant and relatively large interaural time delay offset due to differences in signal processing and differences in stimulation. For HA stimulation, the cochlear travelling wave delay is added to the processing delay, while for CI stimulation, the auditory nerve fibers are stimulated directly. In case of MED-EL CI systems in combination with different HA types, the CI stimulation precedes the acoustic HA stimulation by 3 to 10 ms. A self-designed, battery-powered, portable, and programmable delay line was applied to the CI to reduce the device delay mismatch in nine bimodal listeners. We used an A-B-B-A test design and determined if sound source localization improves when the device delay mismatch is reduced by delaying the CI stimulation by the HA processing delay (τHA). Results revealed that every subject in our group of nine bimodal listeners benefited from the approach. The root-mean-square error of sound localization improved significantly from 52.6° to 37.9°. The signed bias also improved significantly from 25.2° to 10.5°, with positive values indicating a bias toward the CI. Furthermore, two other delay values (τHA –1 ms and τHA +1 ms) were applied, and with the latter value, the signed bias was further reduced in some test subjects. We conclude that sound source localization accuracy in bimodal listeners improves instantaneously and sustainably when the device delay mismatch is reduced.

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