Measuring contact area in synthetic vocal fold replicas using electrical resistance

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 2221-2221
Author(s):  
Kyle L. Syndergaard ◽  
Stephen Warner ◽  
Shelby Dushku ◽  
Scott L. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Contact Area ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Vocal Fold

Monitoring Vocal Fold Abduction through Vocal Fold Contact Area

1988 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Rothenberg ◽  
James J. Mahshie
Keyword(s):  
Contact Area ◽  
Time Variation ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Thyroid Cartilage ◽  
Electrical Conductance ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Linear Phase ◽  
Voice Production ◽  
Voiced Speech ◽  
High Pass

A number of commercial devices for measuring the transverse electrical conductance of the thyroid cartilage produce waveforms that can be useful for monitoring movements within the larynx during voice production, especially movements that are closely related to the time-variation of the contact between the vocal folds as they vibrate. This paper compares the various approaches that can be used to apply such a device, usually referred to as an electroglottograph, to the problem of monitoring the time-variation of vocal fold abduction and adduction during voiced speech. One method, in which a measure of relative vocal fold abduction is derived from the duty cycle of the linear-phase high pass filtered electroglottograph waveform, is developed in detail.

scholarly journals A model for vocal fold vibratory motion, contact area, and the electroglottogram

1986 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 1309-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Childers ◽  
D. M. Hicks ◽  
G. P. Moore ◽  
Y. A. Alsaka
Keyword(s):  
Contact Area ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Vibratory Motion

scholarly journals Relationship Between the Electroglottographic Signal and Vocal Fold Contact Area

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vít Hampala ◽  
Maxime Garcia ◽  
Jan G. Švec ◽  
Ronald C. Scherer ◽  
Christian T. Herbst
Keyword(s):  
Contact Area ◽  
Vocal Fold

Immortal InterConnects—Prevent Cracking and Limit Void Size

1999 ◽  
Vol 563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Suo ◽  
Q. Ma ◽  
W. K. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Stress State ◽  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Thermal Contraction ◽  
Temperature Differential ◽  
Void Size

AbstractThis paper considers an aluminum line in a multilevel interconnect structure. Upon cooling from the processing temperature, differential thermal contraction causes a triaxial tensile stress state in the aluminum line; voids may initiate and grow to relax the stress. When a direct voltage is applied, the electric current causes aluminum atoms to diffuse. The interconnect will evolve to a state with a high pressure at the anode, and a large void at the cathode. The pressure may crack the surrounding insulator or debond an interface, extruding aluminum. The void may uncover the via contact area, substantially increasing electrical resistance. Provided neither failure mode occurs, aluminum electromigration will stop and the interconnect will function forever. This paper examines the conditions under which the interconnect is immortal.

Experimental Investigations upon the Electrical Resistance of Microcontacts

2013 ◽  
Vol 705 ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilena Glovnea ◽  
Cornel Suciu
Keyword(s):  
Contact Resistance ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Load Force ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Electrical Contact Resistance ◽  
Force Contact

An important parameter in MEMS design is the electrical contact resistance. This depends on material conductibility, on the geometry of the contacting surfaces, on the applied load and on the current passing through the contact. This work aims to experimentally investigate the dependence between: electrical contact resistance and contact load force, contact resistance and contact area and contact perimeter for constant current through a microcontact.

scholarly journals Vocal fold contact area

1987 ◽  
Vol 81 (S1) ◽  
pp. S37-S37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo R. Titze ◽  
David Druker ◽  
Paul Durham
Keyword(s):  
Contact Area ◽  
Vocal Fold

Laryngograph as a Measure of Vocal Fold Contact Area

1984 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Gilbert ◽  
Charles R. Potter ◽  
Ronald Hoodin
Keyword(s):  
High Resistance ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Stop Consonant ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Pressure Waveform ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Subglottal Pressure ◽  
Vocal Effort

The present investigation sought to provide additional information concerning the laryngograph as a means to study vocal fold contact area. Subglottal pressures were sensed simultaneously with the laryngographic signal while the speaker produced a variety of speech tasks. The onset and cessation of the subglottal pressure waveform was studied relative to the laryngographic and speech waveforms. Differences were noted for voiced-voiceless contrasts for bilabial stop consonant production and vocal effort changes during the three vowels studied. Also a high-resistance polymer strip was placed between the vocal folds and gradually removed while simultaneous laryngographic recordings were obtained during sustained productions of the vowel/Δ/. An increase in the amplitude of the laryngographie waveform upon withdrawal of the polymer strip strongly supported the concept that the laryngographic signal is generated directly by the change in conductance due to alterations in the area of vocal fold contact.

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