Development of ship radiated noise transfer functions and near‐field to far‐field measured signature comparisons

2004 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 2569-2569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Fischer ◽  
Leo Boroditsky
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Radiated Noise

scholarly journals Substituting EMC emission measurement by field and cable scan method using measured transfer function

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Rinas ◽  
J. Jia ◽  
A. Zeichner ◽  
S. Frei
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Emission Measurement ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Field Calculation ◽  
Automotive Components ◽  
Anechoic Chambers ◽  
Cispr 25 ◽  
Space Requirements

Abstract. Today EMC emissions of automotive components are often measured in anechoic chambers by an antenna at fixed position according to CISPR 25 (ALSE-method). The antenna voltage often cannot sufficiently describe the behaviour of the measured electronic components and systems. Furthermore space requirements and costs are very high for the ALSE-method. Field- and cable-scan methods combined with near-field to far-field transformation techniques might be a good alternative. Residual reflections from the walls, the metallic floor, the measuring table, interaction of the antenna with the environment, and other factors affect the measurements. Thus, models which only regard the current distribution for near- and far field calculation cannot produce results equal to a chamber measurement. In this paper methods for computing transfer functions for the substitution of EMC antenna measurements with field- and cable scans in a specified calibration area are introduced. To consider influences of the environment, the environment is characterized in a first step and included with transfer functions in the calculation process for the equivalent ALSE-field.

scholarly journals Some Analytic Results for the Study of Broadband Noise Radiation from Wings, Propellers and Jets in Uniform Motion

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Farassat ◽  
J. Casper
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Function ◽  
Reference Frame ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Broadband Noise ◽  
Uniform Motion ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Forward Motion ◽  
Radiated Noise

Alan Powell has made significant contributions to the understanding of many aeroacoustic problems, in particular, the problems of broadband noise from jets and boundary layers. In this paper, some analytic results are presented for the calculation of the correlation function of the broadband noise radiated from a wing, a propeller, and a jet in uniform forward motion. It is shown that, when the observer (or microphone) motion is suitably chosen, the geometric terms of the radiation formula become time independent. The time independence of these terms leads to a significant simplification of the statistical analysis of the radiated noise, even when the near field terms are included. For a wing in forward motion, if the observer is in the moving reference frame, then the correlation function of the near and far field noise can be related to a space-time cross-correlation function of the pressure on the wing surface. A similar result holds for a propeller in forward flight if the observer is in a reference frame that is attached to the propeller and rotates at the shaft speed. For a jet in motion, it is shown that the correlation function of the radiated noise can be related to the space-time cross-correlation of the Lighthill stress tensor in the jet. Exact analytical results are derived for all three cases. For the cases under present consideration, the inclusion of the near field terms does not introduce additional complexity, as compared to existing formulations that are limited to the far field.

scholarly journals Do near-field cues enhance the plausibility of non-individual binaural rendering in a dynamic multimodal virtual acoustic scene?

Acta Acustica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Johannes M. Arend ◽  
Melissa Ramírez ◽  
Heinrich R. Liesefeld ◽  
Christoph Pӧrschmann
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Source Position ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
Auditory Cues ◽  
Acoustic Environment ◽  
Six Degrees Of Freedom

It is commonly believed that near-field head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) provide perceptual benefits over far-field HRTFs that enhance the plausibility of binaural rendering of nearby sound sources. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has systematically investigated whether using near-field HRTFs actually provides a perceptually more plausible virtual acoustic environment. To assess this question, we conducted two experiments in a six-degrees-of-freedom multimodal augmented reality experience where participants had to compare non-individual anechoic binaural renderings based on either synthesized near-field HRTFs or intensity-scaled far-field HRTFs and judge which of the two rendering methods led to a more plausible representation. Participants controlled the virtual sound source position by moving a small handheld loudspeaker along a prescribed trajectory laterally and frontally near the head, which provided visual and proprioceptive cues in addition to the auditory cues. The results of both experiments show no evidence that near-field cues enhance the plausibility of non-individual binaural rendering of nearby anechoic sound sources in a dynamic multimodal virtual acoustic scene as examined in this study. These findings suggest that, at least in terms of plausibility, the additional effort of including near-field cues in binaural rendering may not always be worthwhile for virtual or augmented reality applications.

Magnetic Tag Antenna for UHF Near-field and Far-Field RFID Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Mondher Dhaouadi ◽  
M. Mabrouk ◽  
T. Vuong ◽  
A. Ghazel
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Rfid Applications

Far field modeling of the Mamala Bay outfalls

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 323-330
Author(s):  
Philip J. W. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Field Model ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Field Modeling ◽  
Visitation Frequency ◽  
Statistical Variation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Harmonic Average ◽  
Ocean Outfall ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers

The results of far field modeling of the wastefield formed by the Sand Island, Honolulu, ocean outfall are presented. A far field model, FRFIELD, was coupled to a near field model, NRFIELD. The input data for the models were long time series of oceanographic observations over the whole water column including currents measured by Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers and density stratification measured by thermistor strings. Thousands of simulations were made to predict the statistical variation of wastefield properties around the diffuser. It was shown that the visitation frequency of the wastefield decreases rapidly with distance from the diffuser. The spatial variation of minimum and harmonic average dilutions was also predicted. Average dilution increases rapidly with distance. It is concluded that any impact of the discharge will be confined to a relatively small area around the diffuser and beach impacts are not likely to be significant.

Direction of Arrival Estimation Under Near-Field Interference Using Matrix Filter

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 1540007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guolong Liang ◽  
Wenbin Zhao ◽  
Zhan Fan
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Direction Of Arrival ◽  
Doa Estimation ◽  
Direction Of Arrival Estimation ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Data Simulation ◽  
Estimation Algorithms ◽  
Simulation Results

Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation is of great interest due to its wide applications in sonar, radar and many other areas. However, the near-field interference is always presented in the received data, which may result in degradation of DOA estimation. An approach which can suppress the near-field interference and preserve the far-field signal desired by using a spatial matrix filter is proposed in this paper and some typical DOA estimation algorithms are adjusted to match the filtered data. Simulation results show that the approach can improve capability of DOA estimation under near-field inference efficiently.

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