Sound-power collection by the auditory periphery of the Mongolian gerbilMeriones unguiculatus: III. Effect of variations in middle-ear volume

1997 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 2135-2147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Ravicz ◽  
John J. Rosowski
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Sound Power ◽  
Auditory Periphery

Otoacoustic Emissions

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore J. Glattke ◽  
Sharon G. Kujawa
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Auditory Periphery ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
The Status ◽  
Cochlear Partition ◽  
Tonal Stimuli

Otoacoustic emissions are low-intensity sounds that are produced in the cochlea and transmitted through the middle ear apparatus to the ear canal. They can be detected and extracted from the background noise in the ear canal through the use of a sensitive microphone and selective filtering or averaging techniques. The technical aspects of emission recording are very similar to those associated with the detection and capture of auditory evoked potentials. Emissions provide an acoustic link to a physiological window through which we can view the auditory periphery using frequency-specific stimuli that are presented at low and moderate intensities. The window provides an opportunity to examine cochlear activity that occurs prior to stimulation of the nervous system. Tonal emissions occur spontaneously in approximately 40% of people who have normal thresholds for pure-tone stimuli. SOAE and other types of emissions may be influenced by both ipsilateral and contralateral stimuli. One form of interaction results in suppression of the emission, and the tuning patterns associated with suppression of emissions by ipsilateral stimuli have characteristics that are similar to tuning patterns associated with single cochlear hair cells and individual neurons of the auditory nerve. These findings and other lines of evidence support the conclusion that an emission having tonal characteristics is produced from a very restricted region of the cochlear partition. Emissions may be evoked by brief click or tonal stimuli, and by continuous tonal stimuli, in virtually all individuals who have normal pure-tone thresholds and uncompromised middle ear systems. The EOAE are compromised by conditions that compromise the function of the cochlea, and they hold promise as tools that might be employed in screening for hearing loss. Preliminary findings suggest that screening employing TEOAE produces a yield that is similar to that produced by screening programs based on auditory brainstem responses. Emissions may offer advantages over current screening methods because of the ease with which they can be recorded and their apparent independence from neurological influence. Many questions regarding the origin and nature of emissions remain unanswered, but they appear to offer great sensitivity to the status of the auditory periphery. DPOAE provide an opportunity to scan the cochlear partition from base to apex with frequency-specific stimuli, and give the examiner a detailed view of the status of the end organ. The study of DPOAE holds great promise in refinement of site of lesion identification. It is exciting to witness the development of a tool to help clinical examiners probe the function of the previously inaccessible cochlea.

scholarly journals Limitations of present models of blast-induced sound power conduction through the external and middle ear

2019 ◽  
Vol 146 (5) ◽  
pp. 3978-3992 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Rosowski ◽  
Aaron K. Remenschneider ◽  
Jeffrey Tao Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Sound Power

Middle ear pressure: Effects on the auditory periphery

1976 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. McPherson ◽  
J. M. Miller ◽  
A. Axelsson
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Pressure Effects ◽  
Auditory Periphery ◽  
Middle Ear Pressure

The Effect of Stapedectomy on the Loudness of One’s Own Voice

1965 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Melnick
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Sound Energy ◽  
Loudness Function ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

Five subjects with normal middle ear mechanisms, and otosclerotic patients, before and after stapedectomy, matched the loudness of their voices to the loudness of a 125-cps-sawtooth noise. The results showed loudness matching functions with gradual slopes, less than 1.00, for the normal subjects and the patients prior to stapedectomy. Post-surgically, the loudness function for the patients increased in steepness to considerably more than 1.00. These results are explained, most logically, in terms of increased sensitivity of the altered middle ear to sound energy generated by the listener’s own voice.

Are mucin genes yet to be cloned expressed by human middle ear mucosa?

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hutton ◽  
Birchall ◽  
French ◽  
Kubba ◽  
Severn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Middle Ear Mucosa ◽  
Mucin Genes ◽  
Human Middle Ear
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