scholarly journals Determination of sea ice processes using geophone arrays

1995 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 3334-3335
Author(s):  
Peter J. Stein ◽  
Steven E. Euerle
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice

Quantitative determination of tip undercooling of faceted sea ice with in situ experiments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongxin Zhang ◽  
Zhijun Wang ◽  
Lilin Wang ◽  
Junjie Li ◽  
Jincheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
In Situ Experiments

scholarly journals Determination of surface turbulent fluxes over leads in Arctic sea ice

1997 ◽  
Vol 102 (C2) ◽  
pp. 3331-3343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afshan Alam ◽  
Judith A. Curry
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Turbulent Fluxes ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Sea

Determination Of Elastic Moduli Of Sea Ice

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.L. Williams ◽  
R. Stein ◽  
T. Wen ◽  
R.E. Francois
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Elastic Moduli

Determination of sea ice motion from satellite images

1992 ◽  
pp. 343-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Holt ◽  
D. Andrew Rothrock ◽  
Ronald Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Satellite Images

scholarly journals Characteristics of Altimetry Signatures Over Sea Ice (Abstract)

1987 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
N.F. McIntyre ◽  
S.W. Laxon
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Continental Margin ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Antarctic Sea Ice ◽  
Surface Measurements ◽  
Characteristic Sequences ◽  
Data Coverage ◽  
Ice Edge

We report characteristics of Seasat altimetry signatures recorded over Antarctic sea ice. Up to four discrete zones can at times be seen in characteristic sequences in the Weddell and Ross Seas, and elsewhere. They are substantially larger than those reported in the Arctic, covering up to 2500 km at the time of maximum ice extent in 1978. Transitions between them can be abrupt, with marked changes occurring in less than a few kilometres. Some zones were found to persist through the 3 month satellite lifetime; others exhibited intermittent variations. Repeat data coverage has enabled temporal as well as spatial patterns to be investigated. Interpretation of the geophysical cause of the patterns observed has been limited by available data. Some comparisons may be made with surface measurements of nadir back-scatter on first- and multi-year floes but these account for only a small proportion of the altimetry returns studied. Correlations with the NOAA Navy Ice Charts show significant disparities in the determination of the ice edge which may relate to the sensitivity of the altimeter to the presence of fresh ice or ice in very small quantities. Similar signatures can be found next to small coastal leads at the continental margin, an area known to be important for the growth of new ice.

scholarly journals Direct determination of the air-sea CO2 gas transfer velocity in Arctic sea ice regions

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 3770-3778 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Prytherch ◽  
Ian M. Brooks ◽  
Patrick M. Crill ◽  
Brett F. Thornton ◽  
Dominic J. Salisbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Gas Transfer ◽  
Transfer Velocity ◽  
Co2 Gas ◽  
Gas Transfer Velocity ◽  
Arctic Sea

scholarly journals Determination of compressional and shear wave speed profiles and attenuation in sea ice

1990 ◽  
Vol 87 (S1) ◽  
pp. S84-S84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhramaniam D. Rajah ◽  
James A. Doutt ◽  
George V. Frisk
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Speed ◽  
Shear Wave Speed

scholarly journals Determination of a melt-onset date for Arctic sea-ice regions using passive-microwave data

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 382-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Passive Microwave ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Horizontal Channel ◽  
Onset Date ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Brightness Temperatures

Although the formation and melt of sea ice are primarily functions of the annual radiation cycle, atmospheric sensible-heat forcing does serve to delay or advance the timing of such events. Additionally, if atmospheric conditions in the Arctic were to vary due to climate change it may have significant influence on ice conditions. Therefore, this paper investigates a methodology to determine melt-onset dale distribution, both spatially and temporally, in the Arctic Ocean and surrounding sea-ice covered regions.Melt determination is made by a threshold technique using the spectral signatures of the horizontal brightness temperatures (19 GHz horizontal channel minus the 37 GHz horizontal channel) obtained from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) passive-microwave sensor. Passive-microwave observations are used to identify melt because of the large increase in emissivity that occurs when liquid water is present. Emissivity variations are observed in the brightness temperatures due to the different scattering, absorption and penetration depths of the snowpack from the available satellite channels during melt. Monitoring the variations in the brightness temperatures allows the determination of melt-onset dates.Analysis of daily brightness temperature data allows spatial variations in the date of the snow inch onset for sea ice to be detected. Since the data are gridded on a daily basis, a climatology of daily melt-onset dates can be produced for the Arctic region. From this climatology, progression of melt can be obtained and compared inter-annually.

scholarly journals Pack-Ice Motion in the Weddell Sea in Relation to Weather Systems and Determination of a Weddell Sea Sea-Ice Budget

1989 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 104-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.W.S. Limbert ◽  
S.J. Morrison ◽  
C.B. Sear ◽  
P. Wadhams ◽  
M.A. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Surface Pressure ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
Pack Ice ◽  
The Impact

As part of the Winter Weddell Sea Project 1986 (WWSP 86), a buoy, transmitting via TIROS-N satellites to Service Argos, was inserted into an ice floe in the southern Weddell Sea. Operational U.K. Meteorological Office numerical surface-pressure analyses, which utilized the buoy’s measured values of air pressure and temperature, are used to assess the impact of weather systems on pack-ice movement. The motion of the buoy is shown to be related closely to the position of the circumpolar trough and to the tracks of depressions crossing the area. The tracks of this and other buoys deployed during WWSP 86 are analysed, together with the known drifts of some ice-bound vessels, to establish the overall movement of sea ice in the central and western Weddell Sea. Using these data, the area of ice transported northward out of the Weddell Sea is determined. Roughly 60% of the winter sea-ice cover is discharged out of the area, and is replaced by new ice formation in coastal polynyas and by influx of new ice from the east. In summer, a further 30% is discharged northward out of the region, leaving 40% cover and by implication a 30% loss by melting.

scholarly journals Determination of areal surface-feature coverage in the Beaufort Sea using aircraft video data

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 434-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Tschudi ◽  
Judith A. Curry ◽  
James A. Maslanik
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Surface Feature ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Surface Energy Budget ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Areal Coverage ◽  
Melt Ponds

The surface-energy budget of the Arctic Ocean depends on the distribution of various sea-ice features that form by both mechanical and thermodynamic processes. Melt ponds, new ice and open water greatly affect the determination of surface albedo. However, even basic measurements of some surface-feature characteristics, such as areal extent of melt ponds, remain rare.A method has been developed to assess the areal coverage of melt ponds, new ice and open water using video data from the Beaufort and Arctic Storms Experiment (BASE). A downward-looking video camera mounted on the underside of a Hercules C-130 aircraft provided clear images of the surface. Images acquired over multi-year ice on 21 September 1994 were analyzed using a spectral technique to determine the areal coverage of melt ponds, new ice and open water. Statistics from this analysis were then compared to previous field studies and to the Schramm and others (in press) sea-ice model.

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