Portable system for measuring dynamic pressure in situ and method of employment therefor

2008 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 2468
Author(s):  
Fred D. Shirley
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Portable System

Near infrared mechanoluminescence from Sr 3 Sn 2 O 7 : Nd 3+ for in situ biomechanical sensor and dynamic pressure mapping

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. 5899-5909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puxian Xiong ◽  
Mingying Peng ◽  
Jiangkun Cao ◽  
Xueliang Li
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Pressure Mapping

Research on Underground Dynamic Fluid Pressure Balance in the Process of Oil Shale In-Situ Fracturing-Nitrogen Injection Exploitation

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Chen ◽  
Shuai Gao ◽  
Youhong Sun ◽  
Wei Guo ◽  
Qiang Li
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Oil Shale ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Nitrogen Pressure ◽  
Production Well ◽  
Pressure Balance ◽  
Nitrogen Injection

Oil shale in-situ retorting is a reasonable development technology. However, the ground water may flow into fractures in oil shale layer that impact the process of oil shale in-situ retorting. This paper introduced oil shale in-situ fracturing-nitrogen injection exploitation and a method of dynamic pressure balance between the ground water and high pressure nitrogen to keep the oil shale layer without ground water in the process of oil shale in-situ fracturing-nitrogen injection exploitation. Theoretical basis of dynamic pressure balance between ground water and nitrogen was established through analyzing pressure relationship between ground water and nitrogen in the fractures and field experiment was conducted according to the method. The field experiment results showed that nitrogen pressure maintained high level in the fractures during the stage of building pressure balance of nitrogen and ground water and pushed ground water out of the oil shale layer. Then, nitrogen pressure in the fractures reduced and maintained stable because part of nitrogen in the fractures flowed out from the production well and flow conductivity of fractures enhanced. After the balance between the ground water and high pressure nitrogen was established, water yield of production well reduced more than 85%. It explained that the balance has function of sealing up.

A portable system for in-situ re-calibration of force platforms: Experimental validation

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Cedraro ◽  
Angelo Cappello ◽  
Lorenzo Chiari
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Portable System

Recent Progress in Low-Level Gamma Imaging

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mahe´ ◽  
F. Lamadie ◽  
Ph. Girones ◽  
C. Le Goaller
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Gamma Spectrometry ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Gamma Imaging ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Nuclear Plants ◽  
Specific Assessment ◽  
Portable System ◽  
Complementary Techniques

The CEA’s Aladin gamma imaging system has been operated successfully for several years in nuclear plants and during decommissioning projects with additional tools such as gamma spectrometry detectors and dose rate probes. The radiological information supplied by these devices is becoming increasingly useful for establishing robust and optimized decommissioning scenarios. Recent technical improvements allow this gamma imaging system to be operated in low-level applications and with shorter acquisition times suitable for decommissioning projects. The compact portable system can be used in places inaccessible to operators. It is quick and easy to implement, notably for onsite component characterization. Feasibility trials and in situ measurements were recently carried out under low-level conditions, mainly on waste packages and glove boxes for decommissioning projects. This paper describes recent low-level in situ applications. These characterization campaigns mainly concerned gamma emitters with γ energy < 700 keV. In many cases, the localization of hot spots by gamma camera was confirmed by additional measurements such as dose rate mapping and gamma spectrometry measurements. These complementary techniques associated with advanced calculation codes (MCNP, Mercure 6.2, Visiplan and Siren) offer a mobile and compact tool for specific assessment of waste packages and glove boxes.

Breathing of the Heliosphere

2021 ◽  
Vol 922 (2) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Justyna M. Sokół ◽  
Maher A. Dayeh ◽  
Stephen A. Fuselier ◽  
Georgios Nicolaou ◽  
D. J. McComas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Solar Activity ◽  
Neutral Atom ◽  
Pressure Pulse ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Ecliptic Plane ◽  
Abrupt Increase ◽  
Maximum Phase ◽  
Energetic Neutral Atom

Abstract In late 2016, the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) observed an enhancement of hydrogen energetic neutral atom (ENA) flux in ∼20° south from the nose direction. This enhancement was a consequence of an abrupt increase of the solar wind (SW) dynamic pressure observed at 1 au in late 2014. In subsequent years, the increased flux of 4.3 keV ENAs was observed at higher latitudes filling in the heliosheath, in ENAs at lower energies, and the Ribbon flux. We observe that the rapid increase of SW pressure occurs every solar cycle (SC) from the beginning of the regular in situ SW measurements in the ecliptic plane. The SW pressure pulse happens about 4.7 yr from the beginning of each SC, it is during the maximum phase of solar activity, and repeats with a period of ∼10.2 yr. These repeating pulses of the SW pressure can cause periodic SC variations of the ENA production in the heliosheath. We follow McComas et al. results for the relation between SW pressure increase and ENA flux enhancement to investigate the periodic SW pressure increases and their consequences for the heliosphere. Our study of time delay between the cause (pressure pulse at 1 au) and the consequence (ENA enhancement) show that IBEX observed in 2009–2011 remnants of the SW pressure pulse that happened during the maximum of SC 23.

scholarly journals Design Considerations for a Portable Raman Probe Spectrometer for Field Forensics

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Kelly ◽  
Thomas A. Blake ◽  
Bruce E. Bernacki ◽  
Timothy J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Particle Detection ◽  
Portable System ◽  
Line Imaging ◽  
Plastic Explosives ◽  
830 Nm Laser ◽  
Point Detection ◽  
Viable Method ◽  
Raman Probe

Raman spectroscopy has been shown to be a viable method for explosives detection. Currently most forensic Raman systems are either large, powerful instruments for laboratory experiments or handheld instruments for in situ point detection. We have chosen to examine the performance of certain benchtop Raman probe systems with the goal of developing an inexpensive, portable system that could be used to operate in a field forensics laboratory to examine explosives-related residues or samples. To this end, a rugged, low distortion line imaging dispersive Raman spectrograph was configured to work at 830 nm laser excitation and was used to determine whether the composition of thin films of plastic explosives or small (e.g., ≤10 μm) particles of RDX or other explosives or oxidizers can be detected, identified, and quantified in the field. With 300 mW excitation energy, concentrations of RDX and PETN can be detected and reconstructed in the case of thin Semtex smears, but further work is needed to push detection limits of areal dosages to the ~1 μg/cm2 level. We describe the performance of several probe/spectrograph combinations and show preliminary data for particle detection, calibration and detection linearity for mixed compounds, and so forth.

Mars’ ionopause characterization based on MAVEN and Mars Express observations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Sanchez-Cano ◽  
Clara Narvaez ◽  
Mark Lester ◽  
Michael Mendillo ◽  
Majd Mayyasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Solar Wind ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Thermal Pressure ◽  
Density Profiles ◽  
Electron Density Profiles

&lt;p&gt;The ionopause is a tangential discontinuity in the ionospheric thermal plasma density profile that marks the upper boundary of the ionosphere for unmagnetized planets. Since only Venus and Mars have no global &amp;#8220;dipole&amp;#8221; magnetic fields, ionopauses are unique to those planets. For Venus, the ionopause formation is well characterized because the thermal pressure of the ionosphere is usually larger than the solar wind dynamic pressure. For Mars, however, the maximum thermal pressure of the ionosphere is usually insufficient to balance the total pressure in the overlying magnetic pileup boundary. Therefore, the Martian ionopause is not always formed, and when it does, it is highly structured and is located at different altitudes. In this study, we characterise the Martian ionopause formation from the point of view of the electron density and electron temperature, as well as the thermal, magnetic and dynamic pressures. The objective is to investigate under which circumstances the Martian ionopause is formed, both over and far from crustal magnetic fields, and compare to the Venus&amp;#8217; case. We use several multi-plasma and magnetic field in-situ observations from the three deep dip campaigns of the MAVEN mission that occurred on the dayside of Mars (near subsolar point), as well as in-situ solar wind plasma observations from the Mars Express mission. We find that that 36% of the electron density profiles over strong crustal magnetic field regions had an ionopause event in contrast to the 54% of electron density profiles far from strong crustal magnetic field regions. We also find that the topside ionosphere is typically magnetized at mostly all altitudes. The ionopause, if formed, occurs where the total ionospheric pressure (magnetic+thermal) equals the upstream solar wind dynamic pressure.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals A new form of Saturn's magnetopause using a dynamic pressure balance model, based on in situ, multi-instrument Cassini measurements

2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (A6) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Kanani ◽  
C. S. Arridge ◽  
G. H. Jones ◽  
A. N. Fazakerley ◽  
H. J. McAndrews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Pressure Balance ◽  
Model Based ◽  
New Form

A New Diagnostic Tool for the Evaluation of the Hardness of Natural and Artificial Stones / Ein neues Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Härte von Naturstein und Kunststein

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 555-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Tiano ◽  
A. Viggiano
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Cube Strength ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Abrasive Properties ◽  
Portable System ◽  
Funded Project ◽  
Drilling Resistance ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract The EC funded project "Hardrock" has developed and validated a new portable system (DFMS) for directly determining stone mechanical features such as the "hardness" by measuring its drilling resistance. The test is essentially non-destructive, since stones can be tested, with only minor patching of holes ( Ø 5 mm) on exposed faces. With this system it resulted possible to obtain affordable and sensible data of the mechanical and abrasive properties of stone specimens and monuments and to evaluate the consolidating performance of applied conservative treatments. The DFMS has no competitors for its application in comparative tests "in situ", while further data are necessary to apply it to assess the cohesional properties of rocks in relation to their cube strength

A low-cost portable system for elemental mapping by XRF aiming in situ analyses

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.H.O.V. Campos ◽  
C.R. Appoloni ◽  
M.A. Rizzutto ◽  
A.R. Leite ◽  
R.F. Assis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Elemental Mapping ◽  
Portable System
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