Near infrared mechanoluminescence from Sr 3 Sn 2 O 7 : Nd 3+ for in situ biomechanical sensor and dynamic pressure mapping

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. 5899-5909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puxian Xiong ◽  
Mingying Peng ◽  
Jiangkun Cao ◽  
Xueliang Li
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Pressure Mapping

Near infrared spectroscopy of Eucalyptus pellita for foliar nutrients and the potential for real-time monitoring of trees in fertiliser trial plots

2021 ◽  
pp. 096703352110079
Author(s):  
Agustan Alwi ◽  
Roger Meder ◽  
Yani Japarudin ◽  
Hazandy A Hamid ◽  
Ruzana Sanusi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Eucalyptus Pellita ◽  
Operational Decision Making ◽  
Fertiliser Application ◽  
Planting Distance

Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell. has become an important tree species in the forest plantations of SE Asia, and in Malaysian Borneo in particular, to replace thousands of hectares of Acacia mangium Willd. which has suffered significant loss caused by Ceratocystis manginecans infection in Sabah, Malaysia. Since its first introduction at a commercial scale in 2012, E. pellita has been planted in many areas in the region. The species replacement requires new silvicultural practices to induce the adaptability of E. pellita to grow in the region and this includes relevant research to optimise such regimes as planting distance, pruning, weeding practices and nutrition regimes. In this present study, the nutritional status of the foliage was investigated with the aim to develop near infrared spectroscopic calibrations that can be used to monitor and quantify nutrient status, particularly total foliar nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the field. Spectra acquired on fresh foliage in situ on the tree could be used to predict N and P with accuracy suitable for operational decision-making regards fertiliser application. If greater accuracy is required, spectra acquired on dry, milled foliage could be used to predict N and P within a relative error of 10% (R2c, r2CV, RMSEP, RPD = 0.77, 0.71, 0.02 g 100/g, 1.9 for foliar P and = 0.90, 0.88, 0.21 g 100/g, 3.0 for foliar N on dry, milled foliage). The ultimate application of this is in situ nutrient monitoring, particularly to aid longitudinal studies in fertiliser trial plots and forest operations, as the non-destructive nature of NIR spectroscopy would enable regular monitoring of individual leaves over time without the need to destructively sample them. This would aid the temporal and spatial analysis of field data.

Near-Infrared Off-Axis Integrated Cavity Output Spectroscopic Gas Sensor for Real-Time, In Situ Atmospheric Methane Monitoring

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Kaiyuan Zheng ◽  
Chuantao Zheng ◽  
Haipeng Zhang ◽  
Junhao Li ◽  
Zidi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Atmospheric Methane ◽  
Cavity Output

scholarly journals An amphiphilic dendrimer as a light-activable immunological adjuvant for in situ cancer vaccination

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongchao Wang ◽  
Ningqiang Gong ◽  
Chi Ma ◽  
Yuxuan Zhang ◽  
Hong Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Immune Memory ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Tumour Site ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Cancer Vaccination ◽  
Tumour Metastasis

AbstractImmunological adjuvants are essential for successful cancer vaccination. However, traditional adjuvants have some limitations, such as lack of controllability and induction of systemic toxicity, which restrict their broad application. Here, we present a light-activable immunological adjuvant (LIA), which is composed of a hypoxia-responsive amphiphilic dendrimer nanoparticle loaded with chlorin e6. Under irradiation with near-infrared light, the LIA not only induces tumour cell lysis and tumour antigen release, but also promotes the structural transformation of 2-nitroimidazole containing dendrimer to 2-aminoimidazole containing dendrimer which can activate dendritic cells via the Toll-like receptor 7-mediated signaling pathway. The LIA efficiently inhibits both primary and abscopal tumour growth and induces strong antigen-specific immune memory effect to prevent tumour metastasis and recurrence in vivo. Furthermore, LIA localizes the immunological adjuvant effect at the tumour site. We demonstrate this light-activable immunological adjuvant offers a safe and potent platform for in situ cancer vaccination.

Prediction of crude protein and neutral detergent fibre concentration in residues of in situ ruminal degradation of pasture samples by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 1504 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Keim ◽  
H. Charles ◽  
D. Alomar
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Insufficient Amount ◽  
Ruminal Degradation ◽  
Animal Feedstuffs

An important constraint of in situ degradability studies is the need to analyse a high number of samples and often with insufficient amount of residue, especially after the longer incubations of high-quality forages, that impede the study of more than one nutritional component. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been established as a reliable method for predicting composition of many entities, including forages and other animal feedstuffs. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of NIRS for predicting the crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) concentration in rumen incubation residues of permanent and sown temperate pastures in a vegetative stage. In situ residues (n = 236) from four swards were scanned for their visible-NIR spectra and analysed for CP and NDF. Selected equations developed by partial least-squares multivariate regression presented high coefficients of determination (CP = 0.99, NDF = 0.95) and low standard errors (CP = 4.17 g/kg, NDF = 7.91 g/kg) in cross-validation. These errors compare favourably to the average concentrations of CP and NDF (146.5 and 711.2 g/kg, respectively) and represent a low fraction of their standard deviation (CP = 38.2 g/kg, NDF = 34.4 g/kg). An external validation was not as successful, with R2 of 0.83 and 0.82 and a standard error of prediction of 14.8 and 15.2 g/kg, for CP and NDF, respectively. It is concluded that NIRS has the potential to predict CP and NDF of in situ incubation residues of leafy pastures typical of humid temperate zones, but more robust calibrations should be developed.

Squeeze flow coupled with dynamic pressure mapping for the rheological evaluation of cement-based mortars

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 18-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco A. Grandes ◽  
Victor K. Sakano ◽  
Andressa C.A. Rego ◽  
Fábio A. Cardoso ◽  
Rafael G. Pileggi
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Squeeze Flow ◽  
Pressure Mapping

scholarly journals In situ measurement of micro flow rate using near infrared absorption method

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 17078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seok Hwan Lee ◽  
Joohyun Lee ◽  
Sejong Chun ◽  
Woong Kang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Infrared Absorption ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
In Situ Measurement ◽  
Absorption Method ◽  
Micro Flow
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