scholarly journals Sensitivities in Absolute Identification, Magnitude Estimation, and Category Scaling

1970 ◽  
Vol 47 (1A) ◽  
pp. 96-96
Author(s):  
L. D. Braida
Keyword(s):  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Absolute Identification ◽  
Category Scaling

Descriptive Sensory Assessment of Beef Steaks by Category Scaling, Line Scaling and Magnitude Estimation

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. SHAND ◽  
Z. J. HAWRYSH ◽  
R. T. HARDIN ◽  
L. E. JEREMIAH
Keyword(s):  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Sensory Assessment ◽  
Beef Steaks ◽  
Category Scaling

Effects of Anchor Stimuli on Category and Ratio Scaling

1971 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 831-839
Author(s):  
Malcom W. Huckabee
Keyword(s):  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Category Scale ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Scaling Procedure ◽  
Anchoring Effects ◽  
Category Scaling ◽  
Ratio Scales ◽  
Anchor Stimulus ◽  
Ratio Scaling

Two experiments compared the influence of an anchor stimulus on judgments of size using a category-scaling procedure and two ratio-scaling procedures—Stevens' magnitude estimation and direct size estimation. Using an anchor stimulus smaller than any of the judged series stimuli (Exp. I) produced slight contrast effects for category scaling, assimilation for size estimation and no anchoring effects with magnitude estimation. The downward concave relationship between the category scale and the ratio scales was not obtained under any anchoring condition. Use of an anchor stimulus larger than the judged series (Exp. II) produced similar results, with the exception that size estimation did not show consistent assimilation effects.

On the Protheticity of Olfactory Pleasantness and Intensity

1997 ◽  
Vol 85 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1439-1449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Doty
Keyword(s):  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Methyl Salicylate ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Category Rating ◽  
Power Functions ◽  
Olfactory Pathway ◽  
Category Scaling ◽  
Respective Category ◽  
Intensity Dimension

In Exp. 1, the “protheticity” of the pleasantness of a diverse set of relatively isointensive odorants was estimated using exponents from power functions fitted by an iterative least squares procedure between scale values established by (a) magnitude estimation and (b) category rating and rank ordering. In Exp. 2, this procedure was applied to intensity data derived from quarter-log-step volume dilution series of two hedonically disparate odorants, furfural and methyl salicylate. The goodness of fit of the power functions was somewhat better for the intensity than for the pleasantness data. The pleasantness dimension of the diverse stimuli was slightly prothetic (respective category scaling and rank order/magnitude estimation exponents = 0.60 and 0.63). The intensity dimension of furfural was considerably more prothetic than that of methyl salicylate (respective category/magnitude estimation exponents = 0.20 and 0.68; respective rank order/magnitude exponents = 0.21 and 0.69). These data suggest that the degree of olfactory protheticity depends upon the stimuli as well as the attributes chosen for investigation and support the view that Stevens' metathetic/prothetic dichotomy has little utility in classifying the scaling attributes of odors. Whether the degree of protheticity reflects the nature or distribution of olfactory system receptive elements within the main olfactory pathway remains an empirical question which awaits a more specific understanding of the nature of olfactory coding at the level of the neuroepithelium.

Magnitude Estimation and Cross-Modal Matching of Lingual Vibrotactile and Auditory Sensation

1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 698-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Harris ◽  
Donald Fucci ◽  
Linda Petrosino
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Stimulus ◽  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Thenar Eminence ◽  
Stimulus Range ◽  
Psychophysical Scaling ◽  
Scaling Methods ◽  
Response Biases

The present experiment was a preliminary attempt to use the psychophysical scaling methods of magnitude estimation and cross-modal matching to investigate suprathreshold judgments of lingual vibrotactile and auditory sensation magnitudes for 20 normal young adult subjects. A 250-Hz lingual vibrotactile stimulus and a 1000-Hz binaural auditory stimulus were employed. To obtain judgments for nonoral vibrotactile sensory magnitudes, the thenar eminence of the hand was also employed as a test site for 5 additional subjects. Eight stimulus intensities were presented during all experimental tasks. The results showed that the slopes of the log-log vibrotactile magnitude estimation functions decreased at higher stimulus intensity levels for both test sites. Auditory magnitude estimation functions were relatively constant throughout the stimulus range. Cross-modal matching functions for the two stimuli generally agreed with functions predicted from the magnitude estimation data, except when subjects adjusted vibration on the tongue to match auditory stimulus intensities. The results suggested that the methods of magnitude estimation and cross-modal matching may be useful for studying sensory processing in the speech production system. However, systematic investigation of response biases associated with vibrotactile-auditory psychophysical scaling tasks appears to be a prerequisite.

Temporal-Gap Detection by Cochlear Prosthesis Users

1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 849-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Preece ◽  
Richard S. Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Stimulus Level ◽  
Electrode Placement ◽  
Frequency Effect ◽  
Gap Detection ◽  
Cochlear Prosthesis ◽  
Sensation Level

Minimum-detectable gaps for sinusoidal stimuli were measured for three users of a multi electrode cochlear prosthesis as functions of stimulus level, frequency, and electrode place within the cochlea. Stimulus level was scaled by sensation level and by growth-of-loudness functions generated for each condition by direct magnitude estimation. Minimum-detectable gaps decreased with increase in either sensation level or loudness, up to a plateau. When compared at equal sensation levels, the minimum-detectable gaps decreased with frequency increases. The frequency effect on minimum-detectable gaps is reduced if the data are considered at equal loudness. Comparison across place of stimulation within the cochlea showed minimum-detectable gaps to be shorter for more basal electrode placement at low stimulus levels. No differences in minimum-detectable gap as a function of place were found at higher stimulus levels.

Pleasure as a Sign of Efficacy of Mental Activity

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Cabanac ◽  
Chantal Pouliot ◽  
James Everett
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Psychology ◽  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Mental Activity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Macintosh Computer ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Cognitive Efficiency ◽  
Sensory Pleasure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mental Tasks

Previous work has shown that sensory pleasure is both the motor and the sign of optimal behaviors aimed at physiological ends. From an evolutionary psychology point of view it may be postulated that mental pleasure evolved from sensory pleasure. Accordingly, the present work tested empirically the hypothesis that pleasure signals efficacious mental activity. In Experiment 1, ten subjects played video-golf on a Macintosh computer. After each hole they were invited to rate their pleasure or displeasure on a magnitude estimation scale. Their ratings of pleasure correlated negatively with the difference par minus performance, i.e., the better the performance the greater the pleasure reported. In Experiments 2 and 3, the pleasure of reading poems was correlated with comprehension, both rated by two groups of subjects, science students and arts students. In the majority of science students pleasure was significantly correlated with comprehension. Only one arts student showed this relationship; this result suggests that the proposed relationship between pleasure and cognitive efficiency is not tautological. Globally, the results support the hypothesis that pleasure is aroused by the same mechanisms, and follows the same laws, in physiological and cognitive mental tasks and also leads to the optimization of performance.

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