The Effect of Insonation on the Specific Reaction Rate Constant in the Acid Hydrolysis of Ethyl Acetate

1953 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dudley Thompson ◽  
F. C. Vilbrandt ◽  
W. C. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
Specific Reaction Rate ◽  
Specific Reaction ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

scholarly journals KINETIKA REAKSI FERMENTASI ALKOHOL DARI BUAH SALAK

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Fatimah ◽  
Febrina Lia G ◽  
Lina Rahmasari G
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Alcoholic Fermentation ◽  
Reaction Kinetic ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
Hydrolysis Reaction ◽  
Diffusion Reaction ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Film Diffusion ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Research about bioethanol production from salak that are not marketable has been done. Salak containing 16.07% starch and 32.96% glucose, so that salak is potential to be converted into bioethanol by fermentation. This research aimed to study reaction kinetic of alcoholic fermentation that are the reaction kinetic of the hydrolysis of starch to glucose and fermentation of glucose to alcohol from salak by using Saccharomyces cereviseae. Hydrolysis of starch reaction containing two reaction rate controls that are chemical reaction and film diffusion. The results obtained for the hydrolysis reaction that the reacion rate constant is 1,41 x 10-11 and the film diffusion coefficient constant is 0,47 x 10-11 so the rate of the hydrolysis reaction is controlled by the film diffusion. Reaction rate constant for fermentation is 169,88. During the process of fermentation, the concentration of starch and glucose tended to decreased by time of fermentation and bioethanol concentration tended to increase by time of fermentation.

scholarly journals Kinetika Reaksi Hidrolisis Virgin Coconut Oil dengan Katalis Asam Klorida / Reaction Kinetics of the Hydrolysis of Virgin Coconut Oil using Hydrochloride Acid as Catalyst

Buletin Palma ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Linda Trivana ◽  
Steivie Karouw
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

<p>An accurate kinetic data has been considered as main substance in hydrolysis reaction. This research was conducted at the laboratory of processing of Indonesian Palm Crops Research Institute (IPRI) during June-July 2015. The objective of the research was to obtain the optimum condition of hydrolysis of VCO and the data of reaction kinetics (the reaction rate constant (k), the activation energy (Ea), and the reaction kinetics equation). Virgin coconut oil hydrolysis was done in two stages, the first step was the determination of the ratio of VCO:water (1:3; 1:6; 1:9; 1:12), the second step was the evaluation of reaction temperatures (60°C, 70°C, and 80°C). The determination of the optimum condition was based on the result of free fatty acid content and the values of the reaction rate constant. The free fatty acid content was measured by acid-base titration, meanwhile the reaction rate constant was determined by the equation –ln(1-XA)=kt. The results showed that the hydrolysis of VCO using ratio of VCO:water 1:12 produced higher content of FFA (0.11%) compared than others. The ratio of VCO:water 1:12 was then used to obtain the optimum temperature of hydrolysis. The optimum temperature of hydrolysis was 80°C with 0.14% of FFA, the reaction conversion was 0.88, and the reaction rate constant was 0.27 hour-1. The water consentration and reaction temperature influenced the FFA content, reaction conversion, and the reaction rate constant. The best condition of VCO hydrolysis using 1% of hydrochloride acid catalyst was on ratio of VCO:water 1:12, reaction temperature 80°C for 8 hours. The relationship between the reaction rate constant and temperature, follow Arrhenius equation k = 1,62 x 1015 e -25831/RT. Free fatty acid and glycerol are extensively used as raw materials in the manufacture of products such as detergents, cosmetics, surfactants, and pharmaceuticals.</p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p>Hidrolisis dapat berjalan baik apabila menggunakan data kinetika yang tepat untuk mendapatkan produk yang diinginkan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pengolahan Hasil, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Palma pada bulan Juni-Juli 2015. Penelitian bertujuan menentukan kondisi optimum hidrolisis Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) secara kimiawi dengan katalis HCl dan mendapatkan data kinetika reaksi, yaitu konstanta kecepatan reaksi (k), energi aktivasi (Ea), dan rumusan persamaan kinetika reaksi. Hidrolisis VCO dilakukan 2 tahap, yaitu tahap pertama penentuan rasio VCO:air (1:3; 1:6; 1:9; dan 1:12) dipilih yang menghasilkan kadar ALB terbesar, dilanjutkan pada tahap kedua, yaitu penentuan suhu reaksi (60°C, 70°C, dan 80°C). Penentuan kondisi optimum berdasarkan kadar asam lemak bebas yang dihasilkan dan nilai konstanta kecepatan reaksi. Kadar asam lemak bebas ditentukan dengan titrasi asam-basa, sedangkan konstanta kecepatan reaksi menggunakan rumus persamaan kecepatan reaksi -ln(1-XA)=kt. Hidrolisis VCO menggunakan rasio VCO:air (1:12) menghasilkan kadar asam lemak bebas (ALB) yang lebih tinggi (0,11%), selanjutnya digunakan untuk penentuan suhu optimum hidrolisis. Suhu hidrolisis optimum adalah 80°C dengan kadar ALB sebesar 0,14%, konversi reaksi 0,88 dan konstanta kecepatan reaksi 0,27 jam-1. Konsentrasi air dan suhu reaksi berpengaruh terhadap kadar ALB, konversi reaksi, dan konstanta kecepatan reaksi. Hidrolisis VCO dengan katalis HCl 1% terbaik pada rasio VCO:air 1:12, suhu reaksi 80°C selama 8 jam. Hubungan konstanta kecepatan reaksi dengan suhu reaksi mengikuti persamaan Arrhenius k = 1,62 x 1015 e -25831/RT. Asam lemak bebas dan gliserol hasil hidrolisis banyak digunakan sebagai bahan baku dalam industri deterjen, kosmetik, surfaktan, dan obat-obatan.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Determination of exothermic batch reactor specific model parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 01063
Author(s):  
Lubomír Macků
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
First Order Reaction ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Reactor Model ◽  
First Order

An alternative method of determining exothermic reactor model parameters which include first order reaction rate constant is described in this paper. The method is based on known in reactor temperature development and is suitable for processes with changing quality of input substances. This method allows us to evaluate the reaction substances composition change and is also capable of the reaction rate constant (parameters of the Arrhenius equation) determination. Method can be used in exothermic batch or semi- batch reactors running processes based on the first order reaction. An example of such process is given here and the problem is shown on its mathematical model with the help of simulations.

Performance of Photocatalytic Microfiltration with Hollow Fiber Membrane

2007 ◽  
Vol 544-545 ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Tae Jung ◽  
Jong Oh Kim ◽  
Won Youl Choi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Tio2 Particles

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the operational parameters of the UV intensity and TiO2 dosage for the removal of humic acid and heavy metals. It also evaluated the applicability of hollow fiber microfiltration for the separation of TiO2 particles in photocatalytic microfiltration systems. TiO2 powder P-25 Degussa and hollow fiber microfiltration with a 0.4 μm nominal pore size were used for experiments. Under the conditions of pH 7 and a TiO2 dosage 0.3 g/L, the reaction rate constant (k) for humic acid and heavy metals increased with an increase of the UV intensity in each process. For the UV/TiO2/MF process, the reaction rate constant (k) for humic acid and Cu, with the exception of Cr in a low range of UV intensity, was higher compared to that of UV/TiO2 due to the adsorption of the membrane surface. The reaction rate constant (k) increased as the TiO2 dosage increased in the range of 0.1~0.3 g/L. However it decreased for a concentration over 0.3 g/L of TiO2. For the UV/TiO2/MF process, TiO2 particles could be effectively separated from treated water via membrane rejection. The average removal efficiency for humic acid and heavy metals during the operational time was over 90 %. Therefore, photocatalysis with a membrane is believed to be a viable process for humic acid and heavy metals removal.

Reaction rate constant of SO3+ NH3in the gas phase

1990 ◽  
Vol 95 (D9) ◽  
pp. 13981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaunlin Shen ◽  
Masako Suto ◽  
L. C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant

Prediction of Chemical Reaction Yield in a Microreactor and Development of a Pilot Plant Using the Numbering-Up of Microreactors

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigenori Togashi ◽  
Yukako Asano ◽  
Yoshishige Endo
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Main Product ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
Reaction Yield ◽  
Production Scale

The chemical reaction yield was predicted by using Monte Carlo simulation. The targeted chemical reaction of a performance evaluation using the microreactor is the consecutive reaction. The main product P1 is formed in the first stage with the reaction rate constant k1. Moreover, the byproduct P2 is formed in the second stage with the reaction rate constant k2. It was found that the yield of main product P1 was improved by using a microreactor when the ratio of the reaction rate constants became k1/k2 >1. To evaluate the Monte Carlo simulation result, the yields of the main products obtained in three consecutive reactions. It was found that the yield of the main product in cased of k1/k2 >1 increased when the microreactor was uesd. Next, a pilot plant involving the numbering-up of 20 microreactors was developed. The 20 microreactor units were stacked in four sets, each containing five microreactor units arranged. The maximum flow rate when 20 microreactors were used was 1 × 104 mm3/s, which corresponds to 72 t/year. Evaluation of the chemical performance of the pilot plant was conducted using a nitration reaction. The pilot plant was found to capable of increasing the production scale without decreasing the yield of the products.

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