Energy flow from a battery to other circuit elements: Role of surface charges

2010 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 1203-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj K. Harbola
Keyword(s):  
Energy Flow ◽  
Surface Charges ◽  
Circuit Elements

The role of Chironomidae in energy flow of a lotic ecosystem

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 471-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin B. Berg ◽  
Ronald A. Hellenthal
Keyword(s):  
Energy Flow ◽  
Lotic Ecosystem

Formation of hybrid colloids by suspension polycondensation in the presence of hydrophilic block copolymers

2002 ◽  
Vol 726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corine Gerardin ◽  
Valérie Buissette ◽  
François Gaudemet ◽  
Olivier Anthony ◽  
Nicolas Sanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Colloidal Suspensions ◽  
Surface Charges ◽  
Inorganic Particles ◽  
Hydrous Oxides ◽  
Stabilization Phase ◽  
Metal Ratio ◽  
Forced Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

AbstractDouble hydrophilic block copolymers were used to control the growth of inorganic particles and directly prepare hybrid colloidal suspensions. Colloids of metal hydrous oxides were obtained by forced hydrolysis of metal ions in presence of the copolymers. The block copolymers contain a metal-complexing polyelectrolyte block and a stabilizing neutral block. The role of the first block is to ensure a controlled growth of the inorganic phase, while simultaneously, the second block ensures the colloidal stabilization. Phase diagrams presenting the conditions under which precipitation is inhibited are established. The nanoparticles are then characterized in terms of sizes, morphologies and surface charges. The main parameters controlling the size were identified: the copolymer-to-metal ratio and the metal prehydrolysis ratio. The synthesis steps were characterized. First, a key step of induced micellization of the hydrophilic copolymers leads to hybrid core-shell assemblies. The second step consists in mineralization of the micellar core. The suspension polycondensation leads to hairy particles whose morphologies depend on the nature of the metal and on synthesis parameters.

Unified Framework II Ecosystem Processes: A Link Between Species and Landscape Diversity

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Waide ◽  
Peter M. Groffman
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Community Ecology ◽  
Energy Flow ◽  
Ecosystem Processes ◽  
Landscape Diversity ◽  
Ecosystem Ecology ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Ecosystem Diversity

The discipline of ecology can be subdivided into several subdisciplines, including community, ecosystem, and landscape ecology. While all the subdisciplines are important to the study of biodiversity, there is great variation in the extent to which their contributions have been analyzed. For example, the role of community ecology in biodiversity studies is well established. In community ecology, the entities of study are species that differ in their properties and generate a web of interactions that, in turn, organize the species into a community. Similar to community ecology, the contribution of landscape ecology to biodiversity is apparent. The entities of study, definable “patches,” are tangible. They differ in their properties and generate a web of interactions that organize the patches into a landscape mosaic. In contrast to community and landscape ecology, the role of ecosystem ecology in biodiversity is less apparent. In ecosystem ecology, it often is not clear what the entities are, and how they are organized. To the extent that ecosystem ecology focuses on energy flow and nutrient cycling, we can define fundamental entities as compartments and vectors in models that depict the flows of water, energy, and nutrients through communities. If we apply diversity criteria to these entities, we can use the term ecosystem diversity to refer to the number of compartments and vectors, the differences among them in type and size, and their organization in promoting energy flow or nutrient cycling. To our knowledge, ecosystem scientists have not yet developed criteria for ecosystem diversity similar to those used for species and landscape diversity. There has been some use of the term “ecosystem diversity” to refer to a diversity of ecosystems, implying a variety of habitats, landscapes, or biomes. As discussed above, we suggest that to define the role of ecosystem ecology in biodiversity studies, the approach should be to study the relationships among species, landscape, and ecosystem diversities (chapters 1 and 13). However, since the concept of ecosystem diversity awaits further development, we adopt a different approach for understanding the role of ecosystem science in biodiversity studies. In this chapter, we examine relationships among ecosystem processes, species diversity, and landscape diversity.

scholarly journals Exciting Complexity: The Role of Motor Circuit Elements in ALS Pathophysiology

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep I. Gunes ◽  
Vanessa W. Y. Kan ◽  
XiaoQian Ye ◽  
Sabine Liebscher
Keyword(s):  
Motor Circuit ◽  
Circuit Elements
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