WE-EF-210-05: Diagnosis and Quantification of Liver Steatosis with Quantitative Ultrasound Backscatter Technique

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (6Part39) ◽  
pp. 3684-3684
Author(s):  
M Andre ◽  
E Heba ◽  
A Han ◽  
S Lin ◽  
T Wolfson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Ultrasound ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Ultrasound Backscatter

scholarly journals Quantitative Ultrasound Characterization of Tumor Cell Death: Ultrasound-Stimulated Microbubbles for Radiation Enhancement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffi Karshafian ◽  
Hyunjung Christina Kim ◽  
Azza Al-Mahrouki ◽  
Alborz Gorjizadeh ◽  
Ali Sadeghi-Naini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Quantitative Ultrasound ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency ◽  
Cyclophilin A ◽  
Tumor Cell Death ◽  
Backscatter Intensity ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cancer Cell Death ◽  
Ultrasound Backscatter

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of quantitative ultrasound imaging in characterizing cancer cell death caused by enhanced radiation treatments. This investigation focused on developing this ultrasound modality as an imaging-based non-invasive method that can be used to monitor therapeutic ultrasound and radiation effects. High-frequency (25 MHz) ultrasound was used to image tumor responses caused by ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles in combination with radiation. Human prostate xenografts grown in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice were treated using 8, 80, or 1000 µL/kg of microbubbles stimulated with ultrasound at 250, 570, or 750 kPa, and exposed to 0, 2, or 8 Gy of radiation. Tumors were imaged prior to treatment and 24 hours after treatment. Spectral analysis of images acquired from treated tumors revealed overall increases in ultrasound backscatter intensity and the spectral intercept parameter. The increase in backscatter intensity compared to the control ranged from 1.9±1.6 dB for the clinical imaging dose of microbubbles (8 µL/kg, 250 kPa, 2 Gy) to 7.0±4.1 dB for the most extreme treatment condition (1000 µL/kg, 750 kPa, 8 Gy). In parallel, in situ end-labelling (ISEL) staining, ceramide, and cyclophilin A staining demonstrated increases in cell death due to DNA fragmentation, ceramide-mediated apoptosis, and release of cyclophilin A as a result of cell membrane permeabilization, respectively. Quantitative ultrasound results indicated changes that paralleled increases in cell death observed from histology analyses supporting its use for non-invasive monitoring of cancer treatment outcomes.

scholarly journals Estimation of polydispersity in aggregating red blood cells by quantitative ultrasound backscatter analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 2207-2216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain de Monchy ◽  
Julien Rouyer ◽  
François Destrempes ◽  
Boris Chayer ◽  
Guy Cloutier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Quantitative Ultrasound ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Ultrasound Backscatter

scholarly journals Quantitative ultrasound imaging of soft biological tissues: a primer for radiologists and medical physicists

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Cloutier ◽  
François Destrempes ◽  
François Yu ◽  
An Tang
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Ultrasound ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Ultrasound Image ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Ultrasound Wave ◽  
Ultrasound Waves ◽  
Medical Physicists ◽  
General Topic

AbstractQuantitative ultrasound (QUS) aims at quantifying interactions between ultrasound and biological tissues. QUS techniques extract fundamental physical properties of tissues based on interactions between ultrasound waves and tissue microstructure. These techniques provide quantitative information on sub-resolution properties that are not visible on grayscale (B-mode) imaging. Quantitative data may be represented either as a global measurement or as parametric maps overlaid on B-mode images. Recently, major ultrasound manufacturers have released speed of sound, attenuation, and backscatter packages for tissue characterization and imaging. Established and emerging clinical applications are currently limited and include liver fibrosis staging, liver steatosis grading, and breast cancer characterization. On the other hand, most biological tissues have been studied using experimental QUS methods, and quantitative datasets are available in the literature. This educational review addresses the general topic of biological soft tissue characterization using QUS, with a focus on disseminating technical concepts for clinicians and specialized QUS materials for medical physicists. Advanced but simplified technical descriptions are also provided in separate subsections identified as such. To understand QUS methods, this article reviews types of ultrasound waves, basic concepts of ultrasound wave propagation, ultrasound image formation, point spread function, constructive and destructive wave interferences, radiofrequency data processing, and a summary of different imaging modes. For each major QUS technique, topics include: concept, illustrations, clinical examples, pitfalls, and future directions.

scholarly journals Quantitative ultrasound backscatter for pulsed cavitational ultrasound therapy-histotripsy

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 995-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.-y. Wang ◽  
Zhen Xu ◽  
F. Winterroth ◽  
T.L. Hall ◽  
J.B. Fowlkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Ultrasound ◽  
Ultrasound Therapy ◽  
Ultrasound Backscatter

Three‐dimensional detection of metastases in freshly excised human lymph nodes using quantitative ultrasound backscatter and envelope parameters.

2011 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 2610-2610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Mamou ◽  
Alain Coron ◽  
Emi Saegusa‐Beecroft ◽  
Masaki Hata ◽  
Michael L. Oelze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Quantitative Ultrasound ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ultrasound Backscatter

scholarly journals OP02.01: Quantitative ultrasound backscatter parameters in the human cervix

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (S1) ◽  
pp. 65-65
Author(s):  
Q.W. Guerrero ◽  
L. Carlsen ◽  
H. Feltovich ◽  
T.J. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Ultrasound ◽  
Ultrasound Backscatter ◽  
Human Cervix

scholarly journals Quantitative Ultrasound Characterization of Tumor Cell Death: Ultrasound-Stimulated Microbubbles for Radiation Enhancement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffi Karshafian ◽  
Hyunjung Christina Kim ◽  
Azza Al-Mahrouki ◽  
Alborz Gorjizadeh ◽  
Ali Sadeghi-Naini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Quantitative Ultrasound ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency ◽  
Cyclophilin A ◽  
Tumor Cell Death ◽  
Backscatter Intensity ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cancer Cell Death ◽  
Ultrasound Backscatter

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of quantitative ultrasound imaging in characterizing cancer cell death caused by enhanced radiation treatments. This investigation focused on developing this ultrasound modality as an imaging-based non-invasive method that can be used to monitor therapeutic ultrasound and radiation effects. High-frequency (25 MHz) ultrasound was used to image tumor responses caused by ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles in combination with radiation. Human prostate xenografts grown in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice were treated using 8, 80, or 1000 µL/kg of microbubbles stimulated with ultrasound at 250, 570, or 750 kPa, and exposed to 0, 2, or 8 Gy of radiation. Tumors were imaged prior to treatment and 24 hours after treatment. Spectral analysis of images acquired from treated tumors revealed overall increases in ultrasound backscatter intensity and the spectral intercept parameter. The increase in backscatter intensity compared to the control ranged from 1.9±1.6 dB for the clinical imaging dose of microbubbles (8 µL/kg, 250 kPa, 2 Gy) to 7.0±4.1 dB for the most extreme treatment condition (1000 µL/kg, 750 kPa, 8 Gy). In parallel, in situ end-labelling (ISEL) staining, ceramide, and cyclophilin A staining demonstrated increases in cell death due to DNA fragmentation, ceramide-mediated apoptosis, and release of cyclophilin A as a result of cell membrane permeabilization, respectively. Quantitative ultrasound results indicated changes that paralleled increases in cell death observed from histology analyses supporting its use for non-invasive monitoring of cancer treatment outcomes.

Therapeutic Effect of Metformin and Vitamin E Versus Prescriptive Diet in Obese Adolescents with Fatty Liver

2011 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 398-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akcam ◽  
Boyaci ◽  
Pirgon ◽  
Kaya ◽  
Uysal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Obese Adolescents

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine whether metformin or vitamin E treatment for six months is effective in reducing body weight, blood pressure, and also ameliorating insulin resistance, adiponectin, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in obese adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: Sixty-seven obese adolescents with liver steatosis (age range, 9 - 17 years) were included in the study. The metformin group received an 850-mg dose of metformin daily and the vitamin E group received 400 U vitamin E /daily, in capsule form for 6 months, plus an individually tailored diet, exercise, and behavioral therapy. Results: After 6 months later, there was a significant decline in body mass index, and fasting insulin and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) values in all three groups. Moreover, in comparingson of changes in HOMA among the groups, the metformin- treated group showed significantly improved metabolic control and insulin sensitivity (HOMA) at the end of the study. There were no significant differences for changes of adiponectin, TNF-alpha, in all three groups after 6 months study. Conclusion: These data suggest that metformin treatment is more effective than dietary advice and vitamin E treatment in reducing insulin resistance, and also in ameliorating metabolic parameters such as fasting insulin and lipid levels, in obese adolescents having NAFLD.

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