Piezoelectrically-induced ultrasonic lubrication by way of Poisson effect

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Dong ◽  
Marcelo J. Dapino
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Effect ◽  
Ultrasonic Lubrication

Simulation of Fabric Poisson Effect in Semi-implicit Particle-based Method

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 760-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
In Hwan Sul ◽  
Hyeong-Seok Kim ◽  
Chang Kyu Park
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Effect

Poisson effect enhances compression force sensing with oxidized carbon nanotube network/polyurethane sensor

2018 ◽  
Vol 271 ◽  
pp. 76-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Slobodian ◽  
Pavel Riha ◽  
Robert Olejnik ◽  
Jiri Matyas ◽  
Michal Kovar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Force Sensing ◽  
Compression Force ◽  
Poisson Effect ◽  
Carbon Nanotube Network ◽  
Oxidized Carbon

scholarly journals Strong triaxial coupling and anomalous Poisson effect in collagen networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (14) ◽  
pp. 6790-6799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Ban ◽  
Hailong Wang ◽  
J. Matthew Franklin ◽  
Jan T. Liphardt ◽  
Paul A. Janmey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fold Increase ◽  
Elastic Stiffness ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Poisson Effect ◽  
Fiber Networks ◽  
Fiber Tracts ◽  
Cellular Forces ◽  
Multiaxial Deformations ◽  
Principal Strains

While cells within tissues generate and sense 3D states of strain, the current understanding of the mechanics of fibrous extracellular matrices (ECMs) stems mainly from uniaxial, biaxial, and shear tests. Here, we demonstrate that the multiaxial deformations of fiber networks in 3D cannot be inferred solely based on these tests. The interdependence of the three principal strains gives rise to anomalous ratios of biaxial to uniaxial stiffness between 8 and 9 and apparent Poisson’s ratios larger than 1. These observations are explained using a microstructural network model and a coarse-grained constitutive framework that predicts the network Poisson effect and stress–strain responses in uniaxial, biaxial, and triaxial modes of deformation as a function of the microstructural properties of the network, including fiber mechanics and pore size of the network. Using this theoretical approach, we found that accounting for the Poisson effect leads to a 100-fold increase in the perceived elastic stiffness of thin collagen samples in extension tests, reconciling the seemingly disparate measurements of the stiffness of collagen networks using different methods. We applied our framework to study the formation of fiber tracts induced by cellular forces. In vitro experiments with low-density networks showed that the anomalous Poisson effect facilitates higher densification of fibrous tracts, associated with the invasion of cancerous acinar cells. The approach developed here can be used to model the evolving mechanics of ECM during cancer invasion and fibrosis.

Anisotropic Poisson Effect and Deformation‐Induced Fluorescence Change of Elastic 9,10‐Dibromoanthracene Single Crystals

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (37) ◽  
pp. 16195-16201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shotaro Hayashi ◽  
Fumitaka Ishiwari ◽  
Takanori Fukushima ◽  
Shohei Mikage ◽  
Yutaka Imamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Poisson Effect ◽  
Fluorescence Change

scholarly journals Stiffness Analysis of Rectangular Isolators Reinforced by Engineering Plastics

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Han Liu ◽  
Ping Tan ◽  
Fulin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Seismic Protection ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Poisson Effect ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Stiffness Analysis ◽  
Engineering Plastics ◽  
Improve Calculation

A novel cost-effective isolator reinforced by engineering plastics has been designed and manufactured for seismic protection for low-rise buildings in less developed areas. The reinforcement is flexible in tension, which is similar to fiber-reinforced isolators. However, available solutions for fiber-reinforced isolators are not applicable, because the Poisson effect of engineering plastics cannot be neglected, which is done for fiber reinforcement. In this paper, analytical solutions for compression and bending stiffness for rectangular isolators reinforced by engineering plastics are proposed, with both the Poisson effect of the reinforcement and the effect of rubber compressibility taken into consideration. Then, the simplified solutions are also derived, which can greatly improve calculation efficiency. To validate the solutions, finite element analysis is conducted on a set of isolators with different reinforcement stiffnesses. The results show the superiority of the proposed solutions to the previous solutions for fiber-reinforced isolators. A series of experimental tests of the isolators are also carried out to verify the solutions. Both the analytical and the simplified solutions match well with the experimental results.

scholarly journals Tensegrity Modelling and the High Toughness of Spider Dragline Silk

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1510
Author(s):  
Fernando Fraternali ◽  
Nicola Stehling ◽  
Ada Amendola ◽  
Bryan Andres Tiban Anrango ◽  
Chris Holland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spider Silk ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Poisson Effect ◽  
Dragline Silk ◽  
Spider Dragline Silk ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Spider Silks

This work establishes a tensegrity model of spider dragline silk. Tensegrity systems are ubiquitous in nature, being able to capture the mechanics of biological shapes through simple and effective modes of deformation via extension and contraction. Guided by quantitative microstructural characterization via air plasma etching and low voltage scanning electron microscopy, we report that this model is able to capture experimentally observed phenomena such as the Poisson effect, tensile stress-strain response, and fibre toughness. This is achieved by accounting for spider silks’ hierarchical organization into microfibrils with radially variable properties. Each fibril is described as a chain of polypeptide tensegrity units formed by crystalline granules operating under compression, which are connected to each other by amorphous links acting under tension. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, that a radial variability in the ductility of tensegrity chains is responsible for high fibre toughness, a defining and desirable feature of spider silk. Based on this model, a discussion about the use of graded tensegrity structures for the optimal design of next-generation biomimetic fibres is presented.

scholarly journals Cell rearrangement induced by filopodial tension accounts for the late phase of convergent extension in the sea urchin archenteron

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (16) ◽  
pp. 1911-1919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Hardin ◽  
Michael Weliky
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Convergent Extension ◽  
Elastic Recoil ◽  
Poisson Effect ◽  
Cell Rearrangement ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Mechanical Models ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Mesenchyme Cells

George Oster was a pioneer in using mechanical models to interrogate morphogenesis in animal embryos. Convergent extension is a particularly important morphogenetic process to which George Oster gave significant attention. Late elongation of the sea urchin archenteron is a classic example of convergent extension in a monolayered tube, which has been proposed to be driven by extrinsic axial tension due to the activity of secondary mesenchyme cells. Using a vertex-based mechanical model, we show that key features of archenteron elongation can be accounted for by passive cell rearrangement due to applied tension. The model mimics the cell elongation and the Poisson effect (necking) that occur in actual archenterons. We also show that, as predicted by the model, ablation of secondary mesenchyme cells late in archenteron elongation does not result in extensive elastic recoil. Moreover, blocking the addition of cells to the base of the archenteron late in archenteron elongation leads to excessive cell rearrangement consistent with tension-induced rearrangement of a smaller cohort of cells. Our mechanical simulation suggests that responsive rearrangement can account for key features of archenteron elongation and provides a useful starting point for designing future experiments to examine the mechanical properties of the archenteron.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Poisson Effect Governed by a Mechanical Critical Transition

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan L. Shivers ◽  
Sadjad Arzash ◽  
F. C. MacKintosh
Keyword(s):  
Critical Transition ◽  
Poisson Effect
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