Initial approach in biomass burning aerosol transport tracking with CALIPSO and MODIS satellites, sunphotometer, and a backscatter lidar system in Brazil

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Landulfo ◽  
F. J. S. Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Aerosol Transport ◽  
Lidar System ◽  
Initial Approach ◽  
Biomass Burning Aerosol

scholarly journals High-Resolution Biomass Burning Aerosol Transport Simulations in the Tropics

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Nurzahziani ◽  
Chinnawat Surussavadee ◽  
Thanchanok Noosook
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Emission Model ◽  
Aerosol Transport ◽  
Monthly Average ◽  
Biomass Burning Aerosol ◽  
The Tropics

This study evaluates the performance of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) for simulating biomass burning aerosol transport at high resolution in the tropics using two different biomass burning emission inventories. Hourly, daily, and monthly average PM10 dry mass concentrations at 5 km resolution—simulated separately using the Brazilian Biomass Burning Emission Model (WRF-3BEM) and the Fire Inventory from NCAR (WRF-FINN) and their averages (WRF-AVG) for 3 months from February to April—are evaluated, using measurements from ground stations distributed in northern Thailand for 2014 and 2015. Results show that WRF-3BEM agrees well with observations and performs much better than WRF-FINN and WRF-AVG. WRF-3BEM simulations are almost unbiased, while those of WRF-FINN and WRF-AVG are significantly overestimated due to significant overestimates of FINN emissions. WRF-3BEM and the measured monthly average PM10 concentrations for all stations and both years are 89.22 and 87.20 μg m−3, respectively. The root mean squared error of WRF-3BEM simulated monthly average PM10 concentrations is 72.00 and 47.01% less than those of WRF-FINN and WRF-AVG, respectively. The correlation coefficient of WRF-3BEM simulated monthly PM10 concentrations and measurements is 0.89. WRF-3BEM can provide useful biomass burning aerosol transport simulations for the northern region of Thailand.

scholarly journals Variability of aerosol vertical distribution in the Sahel

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 12005-12023 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Cavalieri ◽  
F. Cairo ◽  
F. Fierli ◽  
G. Di Donfrancesco ◽  
M. Snels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Aerosol Transport ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Monsoon Flow ◽  
Biomass Burning Aerosol

Abstract. In this work, we have studied the seasonal and inter-annual variability of the aerosol vertical distribution over Sahelian Africa for the years 2006, 2007 and 2008, characterizing the different kind of aerosols present in the atmosphere in terms of their optical properties observed by ground-based and satellite instruments, and their sources searched for by using trajectory analysis. This study combines data acquired by three ground-based micro lidar systems located in Banizoumbou (Niger), Cinzana (Mali) and M'Bour (Senegal) in the framework of the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA), by the AEROsol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) sun-photometers and by the space-based Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) onboard the CALIPSO satellite (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Observations). During winter, the lower levels air masses arriving in the Sahelian region come mainly from North, North-West and from the Atlantic area, while in the upper troposphere air flow generally originates from West Africa, crossing a region characterized by the presence of large biomass burning sources. The sites of Cinzana, Banizoumbou and M'Bour, along a transect of aerosol transport from East to West, are in fact under the influence of tropical biomass burning aerosol emission during the dry season, as revealed by the seasonal pattern of the aerosol optical properties, and by back-trajectory studies. Aerosol produced by biomass burning are observed mainly during the dry season and are confined in the upper layers of the atmosphere. This is particularly evident for 2006, which was characterized by a large presence of biomass burning aerosols in all the three sites. Biomass burning aerosol is also observed during spring when air masses originating from North and East Africa pass over sparse biomass burning sources, and during summer when biomass burning aerosol is transported from the southern part of the continent by the monsoon flow. During summer months, the entire Sahelian region is under the influence of Saharan dust aerosols: the air masses in low levels arrive from West Africa crossing the Sahara desert or from the Southern Hemisphere crossing the Guinea Gulf while in the upper layers air masses still originate from North, North-East. The maximum of the desert dust activity is observed in this period which is characterized by large AOD (above 0.2) and backscattering values. It also corresponds to a maximum in the extension of the aerosol vertical distribution (up to 6 km of altitude). In correspondence, a progressive cleaning up of the lowermost layers of the atmosphere is occurring, especially evident in the Banizoumbou and Cinzana sites. Summer is in fact characterized by extensive and fast convective phenomena. Lidar profiles show at times large dust events loading the atmosphere with aerosol from the ground up to 6 km of altitude. These events are characterized by large total attenuated backscattering values, and alternate with very clear profiles, sometimes separated by only a few hours, indicative of fast removal processes occurring, likely due to intense convective and rain activity. The inter-annual variability in the three year monitoring period is not very significant. An analysis of the aerosol transport pathways, aiming at detecting the main source regions, revealed that air originated from the Saharan desert is present all year long and it is observed in the lower levels of the atmosphere at the beginning and at the end of the year. In the central part of the year it extends upward and the lower levels are less affected by air masses from Saharan desert when the monsoon flow carries air from the Guinea Gulf and the Southern Hemisphere inland.

scholarly journals Biomass burning aerosol transport and vertical distribution over the South African-Atlantic region

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (12) ◽  
pp. 6391-6415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sampa Das ◽  
H. Harshvardhan ◽  
Huisheng Bian ◽  
Mian Chin ◽  
Gabriele Curci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
South African ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Aerosol Transport ◽  
The South ◽  
Atlantic Region ◽  
Biomass Burning Aerosol ◽  
African Atlantic

scholarly journals Long-range aerosol transport and impacts on size-resolved aerosol composition in Metro Manila, Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 2387-2405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Braun ◽  
Mojtaba Azadi Aghdam ◽  
Paola Angela Bañaga ◽  
Grace Betito ◽  
Maria Obiminda Cambaliza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Long Range Transport ◽  
Aerosol Transport ◽  
Range Transport ◽  
Metro Manila ◽  
Biomass Burning Aerosol

Abstract. This study analyzes long-range transport of aerosol and aerosol chemical characteristics based on instances of high- and low-aerosol-loading events determined via ground-based size-resolved aerosol measurements collected at the Manila Observatory in Metro Manila, Philippines, from July to October 2018. Multiple data sources, including models, remote sensing, and in situ measurements, are used to analyze the impacts of long-range aerosol transport on Metro Manila and the conditions at the local and synoptic scales facilitating this transport. Through the use of case studies, evidence of long-range transport of biomass burning aerosol and continental emissions is identified in Metro Manila. Long-range transport of biomass burning aerosol from the Maritime Continent, bolstered by southwesterly flow and permitted by low rainfall, was identified through model results and the presence of biomass burning tracers (e.g., K, Rb) in the ground-based measurements. The impacts of emissions transported from continental East Asia on the aerosol characteristics in Metro Manila are also identified; for one of the events analyzed, this transport was facilitated by the nearby passage of a typhoon. Changes in the aerosol size distributions, water-soluble chemical composition, and contributions of various organic aerosol species to the total water-soluble organic aerosol were examined for the different cases. The events impacted by biomass burning transport had the overall highest concentration of water-soluble organic acids, while the events impacted by long-range transport from continental East Asia showed high percent contributions from shorter-chain dicarboxylic acids (i.e., oxalate) that are often representative of photochemical and aqueous processing in the atmosphere. The low-aerosol-loading event was subject to a larger precipitation accumulation than the high-aerosol events, indicative of wet scavenging as an aerosol sink in the study region. This low-aerosol event was characterized by a larger relative contribution from supermicrometer aerosols and had a higher percent contribution from longer-chain dicarboxylic acids (i.e., maleate) to the water-soluble organic aerosol fraction, indicating the importance of both primary aerosol emissions and local emissions.

scholarly journals Aerosol Characterization during the Summer 2017 Huge Fire Event on Mount Vesuvius (Italy) by Remote Sensing and In Situ Observations

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2001
Author(s):  
Antonella Boselli ◽  
Alessia Sannino ◽  
Mariagrazia D’Emilio ◽  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Salvatore Amoruso
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Fire Event ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Microphysical Properties ◽  
Observational Site ◽  
Biomass Burning Aerosol

During the summer of 2017, multiple huge fires occurred on Mount Vesuvius (Italy), dispersing a large quantity of ash in the surrounding area ensuing the burning of tens of hectares of Mediterranean scrub. The fires affected a very large area of the Vesuvius National Park and the smoke was driven by winds towards the city of Naples, causing daily peak values of particulate matter (PM) concentrations at ground level higher than the limit of the EU air quality directive. The smoke plume spreading over the area of Naples in this period was characterized by active (lidar) and passive (sun photometer) remote sensing as well as near-surface (optical particle counter) observational techniques. The measurements allowed us to follow both the PM variation at ground level and the vertical profile of fresh biomass burning aerosol as well as to analyze the optical and microphysical properties. The results evidenced the presence of a layer of fine mode aerosol with large mean values of optical depth (AOD > 0.25) and Ångstrom exponent (γ > 1.5) above the observational site. Moreover, the lidar ratio and aerosol linear depolarization obtained from the lidar observations were about 40 sr and 4%, respectively, consistent with the presence of biomass burning aerosol in the atmosphere.

scholarly journals Analysis of incoming biomass burning aerosol plumes over southern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 577-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Macedo de Oliveira ◽  
Glauber Lopes Mariano ◽  
Marcelo Félix Alonso ◽  
Ericka Voss Chagas Mariano
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Biomass Burning Aerosol

scholarly journals The biomass burning aerosol influence on precipitation over the Central Amazon: an observational study

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 18879-18904 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Gonçalves ◽  
L. A. T. Machado ◽  
P.-E. Kirstetter
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Droplet Size Distribution ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Aggregate Information ◽  
Wet Scavenging ◽  
Biomass Burning Aerosol ◽  
Climate Model Simulations

Abstract. Understanding the aerosol influence on clouds and precipitation is an important key to reduce uncertainties in simulations of climate change scenarios with regards to deforestation fires. Here, we associate rainfall characteristics obtained by an S-Band radar in the Amazon with in situ measurements of biomass burning aerosols for the entire year of 2009. The most important results were obtained during the dry semester (July–December). The results indicate that the aerosol influence on precipitating systems is modulated by the atmospheric instability degree. For stable atmospheres, the higher the aerosol concentration, the lower the precipitation over the region. On the other hand, for unstable cases, higher concentrations of particulate material are associated with more precipitation, elevated presence of ice and larger rain cells, which suggests an association with long lived systems. The results presented were statistically significant. However, due to the limitation imposed by the dataset used, some important features such as wet scavenging and droplet size distribution need further clarification. Regional climate model simulations in addition with new field campaigns could aggregate information to the aerosol/precipitation relationship.

scholarly journals Modelling the optical properties of fresh biomass burning aerosol produced in a smoke chamber: results from the EFEU campaign

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 12657-12686 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hungershöfer ◽  
K. Zeromskiene ◽  
Y. Iinuma ◽  
G. Helas ◽  
J. Trentmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Max Planck ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Biomass Burning Aerosol ◽  
Smoke Chamber ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mass Absorption Efficiency

Abstract. A better characterisation of the optical properties of biomass burning aerosol as a function of the burning conditions is required in order to quantify their effects on climate and atmospheric chemistry. Controlled laboratory combustion experiments with different fuel types were carried out at the combustion facility of the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (Mainz, Germany) as part of the 'Impact of Vegetation Fires on the Composition and Circulation of the Atmosphere' (EFEU) project. Using the measured size distributions as well as mass scattering and absorption efficiencies, Mie calculations provided mean effective refractive indices of 1.60−0.010i and 1.56−0.010i (λ=0.55 μm) for smoke particles emitted from the combustion of savanna grass and an African hardwood (musasa), respectively. The relatively low imaginary parts suggest that the light-absorbing carbon of the investigated fresh biomass burning aerosol is only partly graphitized, resulting in strongly scattering and less absorbing particles. While the observed variability in mass scattering efficiencies was consistent with changes in particle size, the changes in the mass absorption efficiency can only be explained, if the chemical composition of the particles varies with combustion conditions.

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