Detection and characterization of breast masses with ultrasound tomography: clinical results

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neb Duric ◽  
Peter Littrup ◽  
Cuiping Li ◽  
Olsi Rama ◽  
Lisa Bey-Knight ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Results ◽  
Ultrasound Tomography ◽  
Breast Masses

scholarly journals Ultrasonic Time-of-Flight Computed Tomography for Investigation of Batch Crystallisation Processes

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 639
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Koulountzios ◽  
Tomasz Rymarczyk ◽  
Manuchehr Soleimani
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Ultrasound Tomography ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Process Dynamics ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Ultrasonic Time ◽  
Crystallisation Process ◽  
Liquid Suspensions

Crystallisation is a crucial step in many industrial processes. Many sensors are being investigated for monitoring such processes to enhance the efficiency of them. Ultrasound techniques have been used for particle sizing characterization of liquid suspensions, in crystallisation process. An ultrasound tomography system with an array of ultrasound sensors can provide spatial information inside the process when compared to single-measurement systems. In this study, the batch crystallisation experiments have been conducted in a lab-scale reactor in calcium carbonate crystallisation. Real-time ultrasound tomographic imaging is done via a contactless ultrasound tomography sensor array. The effect of the injection rate and the stirring speed was considered as two control parameters in these crystallisation functions. Transmission mode ultrasound tomography comprises 32 piezoelectric transducers with central frequency of 40 kHz has been used. The process-based experimental investigation shows the capability of the proposed ultrasound tomography system for crystallisation process monitoring. Information on process dynamics, as well as process malfunction, can be obtained via the ultrasound tomography system.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from a 2005 Clinical Trial of Uncomplicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 3381-3384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald N. Jones ◽  
Angela M. Nilius ◽  
Bolanle K. Akinlade ◽  
Lalitagauri M. Deshpande ◽  
Gerard F. Notario
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Skin Structure ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Molecular Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Community Onset

ABSTRACT A clinical trial of uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections (39 locations in 19 states) observed that community-associated or community-onset methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CO-MRSA) represented 23% of all pathogens at baseline culture and 53% of 190 S. aureus isolates. CO-MRSA strains typically were Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) positive (95%), contained staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type IVa (99%), were USA300 or USA400 clones (92%), and exhibited minimal coresistances (macrolides and/or fluoroquinolones). Clinical results remained identical (89% cures) regardless of the antimicrobial used or CO-MRSA molecular patterns, PVL production, or antimicrobial susceptibility profiles.

Comparison of conventional and automated breast volume ultrasound in the description and characterization of solid breast masses based on BI-RADS features

Breast Cancer ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunji Kim ◽  
Joo Hee Cha ◽  
Ha-Yeun Oh ◽  
Hak Hee Kim ◽  
Hee Jung Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Volume ◽  
Breast Masses ◽  
Volume Ultrasound

Characterization of breast masses for simulation purposes

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Saunders, Jr. ◽  
Ehsan Samei
Keyword(s):  
Breast Masses

Recoil proton, alpha particle, and heavy ion impacts on microdosimetry and RBE of fast neutrons: analysis of kerma spectra calculated by Monte Carlo simulation

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Pignol ◽  
Jakobus Slabbert
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Recoil Proton ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Fast Neutrons ◽  
Monte Carlo Code ◽  
Powerful Method ◽  
Biological Effectiveness

Fast neutrons (FN) have a higher radio-biological effectiveness (RBE) compared with photons, however the mechanism of this increase remains a controversial issue. RBE variations are seen among various FN facilities and at the same facility when different tissue depths or thicknesses of hardening filters are used. These variations lead to uncertainties in dose reporting as well as in the comparisons of clinical results. Besides radiobiology and microdosimetry, another powerful method for the characterization of FN beams is the calculation of total proton and heavy ion kerma spectra. FLUKA and MCNP Monte Carlo code were used to simulate these kerma spectra following a set of microdosimetry measurements performed at the National Accelerator Centre. The calculated spectra confirmed major classical statements: RBE increase is linked to both slow energy protons and alpha particles yielded by (n,α) reactions on carbon and oxygen nuclei. The slow energy protons are produced by neutrons having an energy between 10 keV and 10 MeV, while the alpha particles are produced by neutrons having an energy between 10 keV and 15 MeV. Looking at the heavy ion kerma from <15 MeV and the proton kerma from neutrons <10 MeV, it is possible to anticipate y* and RBE trends.Key words: fast neutron, kerma, microdosimetry, RBE, Monte Carlo.

Characterization of Benign and Malignant Solid Breast Masses: Harmonic Versus Nonharmonic 3D Power Doppler Imaging

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Hsuan Hsiao ◽  
Yu-Len Huang ◽  
Wen-Miin Liang ◽  
Che Lin ◽  
Shou-Jen Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Doppler ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Breast Masses ◽  
3D Power Doppler ◽  
Power Doppler Imaging

scholarly journals Electrocardiographic Imaging for Atrial Fibrillation: A Perspective From Computer Models and Animal Experiments to Clinical Value

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Salinet ◽  
Rubén Molero ◽  
Fernando S. Schlindwein ◽  
Joël Karel ◽  
Miguel Rodrigo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Computer Models ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Electrocardiographic Imaging ◽  
Human Experiments

Electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) is a technique to reconstruct non-invasively the electrical activity on the heart surface from body-surface potential recordings and geometric information of the torso and the heart. ECGI has shown scientific and clinical value when used to characterize and treat both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. Regarding atrial fibrillation (AF), the characterization of the electrical propagation and the underlying substrate favoring AF is inherently more challenging than for ventricular arrhythmias, due to the progressive and heterogeneous nature of the disease and its manifestation, the small volume and wall thickness of the atria, and the relatively large role of microstructural abnormalities in AF. At the same time, ECGI has the advantage over other mapping technologies of allowing a global characterization of atrial electrical activity at every atrial beat and non-invasively. However, since ECGI is time-consuming and costly and the use of electrical mapping to guide AF ablation is still not fully established, the clinical value of ECGI for AF is still under assessment. Nonetheless, AF is known to be the manifestation of a complex interaction between electrical and structural abnormalities and therefore, true electro-anatomical-structural imaging may elucidate important key factors of AF development, progression, and treatment. Therefore, it is paramount to identify which clinical questions could be successfully addressed by ECGI when it comes to AF characterization and treatment, and which questions may be beyond its technical limitations. In this manuscript we review the questions that researchers have tried to address on the use of ECGI for AF characterization and treatment guidance (for example, localization of AF triggers and sustaining mechanisms), and we discuss the technological requirements and validation. We address experimental and clinical results, limitations, and future challenges for fruitful application of ECGI for AF understanding and management. We pay attention to existing techniques and clinical application, to computer models and (animal or human) experiments, to challenges of methodological and clinical validation. The overall objective of the study is to provide a consensus on valuable directions that ECGI research may take to provide future improvements in AF characterization and treatment guidance.

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