<title>Four-core fiber square grid pattern generator</title>

In Paramecium nine rectangular aggregates of membrane-intercalated particles surround the freeze-cleaved membrane of the ciliary base. These “ciliary granule plaques” occur independently of the “ciliary necklace” which is observed in a more basal position on some cilia. In each individual plaque the approximately 10 nm large granules are arranged in a square grid pattern: the granules of one plaque invariably form 3 vertical rows (number of horizontally arranged particles per row: Nh = 3) and 3–6 horizontal rows (mean value fos intrahepatic tributaries then can be approached under direct vision in a relatively bloodless field for safe, accurate liquation and/or reconstruction.

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Three-core fiber far field structured light pattern generator and its shape sensing application

10.1117/12.785215 ◽

2008 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Libo Yuan ◽

Jun Yang ◽

Zhihai Liu ◽

Chunying Guan ◽

Qiang Dai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Structured Light ◽

Pattern Generator ◽

Far Field ◽

Light Pattern ◽

Core Fiber ◽

Sensing Application ◽

Shape Sensing

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Study of the square grid pattern in dielectric barrier discharge by a CCD digital camera

10.1117/12.834942 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Lifang Dong ◽

Shuai Wang ◽

Han Yue ◽

Hong Xiao ◽

Yujie Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dielectric Barrier Discharge ◽

Barrier Discharge ◽

Digital Camera ◽

Grid Pattern ◽

Dielectric Barrier ◽

Square Grid

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Container Spacing Increases Container Capture of overhead Irrigation as Application Efficiency Declines

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.606d ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 606d-606

Author(s):

Richard C. Beeson ◽

Thomas H. Yeager

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Water ◽

Grid Pattern ◽

Square Grid ◽

Irrigation Application ◽

Application Efficiency ◽

Overhead Irrigation ◽

Ligustrum Japonicum ◽

Viburnum Odoratissimum ◽

Production Area

Ligustrum japonicum, Rhododendron indica `Southern Charm' and Viburnum odoratissimum in 10-L containers were placed in a square grid pattern and overhead irrigated using impact sprinklers (30.3 L/min). Plants were irrigated with 12.5 mm with containers touching and, at 5 cm spacings, up to 50 cm between containers. Irrigation water reaching container surfaces (percent capture) increased for all species as container spacing increased. However, the increase in percent capture did not increase irrigation application efficiency because the percent of production area covered by the containers declined as spacing increased. Application efficiency declined with each increase in spacing to a low of 7%. The effects of intraand inter-canopy interference are discussed.

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FT-IR microspectroscopic analysis of diseased white matter brain tissues

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100141214 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 968-969

Author(s):

Steven M. Le Vine ◽

David L. Wetzel

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Twitcher Mouse ◽

Grid Pattern ◽

Marked Contrast ◽

Spatially Resolved ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Ir Microspectroscopy ◽

Chemical Evidence

In situ FT-IR microspectroscopy has allowed spatially resolved interrogation of different parts of brain tissue. In previous work the spectrrscopic features of normal barin tissue were characterized. The white matter, gray matter and basal ganglia were mapped from appropriate peak area measurements from spectra obtained in a grid pattern. Bands prevalent in white matter were mostly associated with the lipid. These included 2927 and 1469 cm-1 due to CH2 as well as carbonyl at 1740 cm-1. Also 1235 and 1085 cm-1 due to phospholipid and galactocerebroside, respectively (Figs 1and2). Localized chemical changes in the white matter as a result of white matter diseases have been studied. This involved the documentation of localized chemical evidence of demyelination in shiverer mice in which the spectra of white matter lacked the marked contrast between it and gray matter exhibited in the white matter of normal mice (Fig. 3).The twitcher mouse, a model of Krabbe’s desease, was also studied. The purpose in this case was to look for a localized build-up of psychosine in the white matter caused by deficiencies in the enzyme responsible for its breakdown under normal conditions.

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Swallow Pattern Generator Reconfiguration of the Respiratory Neural Network

Perspectives on Swallowing and Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia) ◽

10.1044/sasd18.1.3 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 3-12

Author(s):

Andrea Vovka ◽

Paul W. Davenport ◽

Karen Wheeler-Hegland ◽

Kendall F. Morris ◽

Christine M. Sapienza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Control ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Pattern Generator ◽

Breathing Patterns ◽

Motor Patterns ◽

Control Assembly ◽

Pharyngeal Swallow ◽

Laryngeal Vestibule ◽

Lower Airways ◽

Swallow Apnea

Abstract When the nasal and oral passages converge and a bolus enters the pharynx, it is critical that breathing and swallow motor patterns become integrated to allow safe passage of the bolus through the pharynx. Breathing patterns must be reconfigured to inhibit inspiration, and upper airway muscle activity must be recruited and reconfigured to close the glottis and laryngeal vestibule, invert the epiglottis, and ultimately protect the lower airways. Failure to close and protect the glottal opening to the lower airways, or loss of the integration and coordination of swallow and breathing, increases the risk of penetration or aspiration. A neural swallow central pattern generator (CPG) controls the pharyngeal swallow phase and is located in the medulla. We propose that this swallow CPG is functionally organized in a holarchical behavioral control assembly (BCA) and is recruited with pharyngeal swallow. The swallow BCA holon reconfigures the respiratory CPG to produce the stereotypical swallow breathing pattern, consisting of swallow apnea during swallowing followed by prolongation of expiration following swallow. The timing of swallow apnea and the duration of expiration is a function of the presence of the bolus in the pharynx, size of the bolus, bolus consistency, breath cycle, ventilatory state and disease.

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