Algorithmic processing and image control of retinal pathologies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslav I. Penishkevich ◽  
Sergey B. Yermolenko ◽  
Ivan P. Mikirin ◽  
Yurij K. Galushko ◽  
Igor V. Fesiv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Pathologies

scholarly journals Feasibility of peripheral OCT imaging using a novel integrated SLO ultra-widefield imaging swept-source OCT device

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simrat K. Sodhi ◽  
John Golding ◽  
Carmelina Trimboli ◽  
Netan Choudhry
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Pole ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Swept Source Oct ◽  
Oct Imaging ◽  
Field Device ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
Retinal Pathologies

Abstract Purpose To describe the feasibility of peripheral OCT imaging in retinal diseases using a novel full-field device. Methods A total of 134 consecutive eyes were referred and imaged on the Optos Silverstone swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) (Optos PLC; Dunfermline, UK). Scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) images and the associated SS-OCT images were obtained in the posterior pole, mid-periphery or far periphery based on the nature of the referral and on new areas of interest observed in the optomap images at the time of imaging. Results A total of 134 eyes (96 patients) were enrolled in the study. One hundred and twenty-five eyes (91 patients) with 38 retinal pathologies were prospectively assessed and 9 eyes (5 patients) were excluded due to incomplete image acquisition. The average age of the subjects was 54 years (range 21–92 years). Thirty-nine out of 125 eyes (31%) had macular pathologies. Eighty-six out of 125 eyes (69%) had peripheral only pathologies, an area which cannot be visualized by standard OCT devices with a 50 degree field-of-view. Conclusions The ability to capture peripheral pathologies using an integrated SLO-UWF imaging with full-field swept-source provided high-grade anatomical insight that confirmed the medical and surgical management in a majority of cases. Its use in the mid- and far periphery provides a holistic clinical picture, which can potentially aid in the understanding of various retinal pathologies.

Vitrectomy in Congenital Vitreous Pathologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Keyword(s):  
Pars Plana Vitrectomy ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Embryological Development ◽  
Pars Plana ◽  
Retinal Pathologies

Congenital vitreous diseases are the result of embryological development defects of the vitreous. These diseases have a wide spectrum including congenital vitreous disorders and genetically impaired vitreous structure. Also, these diseases are the first diseases that should come to mind in vitreous and retinal pathologies seen in the early age group. In many of them, pars plana vitrectomy has an important role in the treatment. Due to the disease pathophysiology and age of the patients, they differ from the standard pars plana vitrectomy. In this review, congenital vitreous pathologies and the vitrectomy method applied in the treatment of these pathologies will be discussed.

scholarly journals Improving Efficiency in Separating Blood Vessels from Retinal Images with Deep Learning Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S11) ◽  
pp. 3637-3640
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Retinal Images ◽  
Retinal Vessels ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Retinal Pathologies

Retinal vessels ID means to isolate the distinctive retinal configuration issues, either wide or restricted from fundus picture foundation, for example, optic circle, macula, and unusual sores. Retinal vessels recognizable proof investigations are drawing in increasingly more consideration today because of pivotal data contained in structure which is helpful for the identification and analysis of an assortment of retinal pathologies included yet not restricted to: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), glaucoma, hypertension, and Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). With the advancement of right around two decades, the inventive methodologies applying PC supported systems for portioning retinal vessels winding up increasingly significant and coming nearer. Various kinds of retinal vessels segmentation strategies discussed by using Deep Learning methods. At that point, the pre-processing activities and the best in class strategies for retinal vessels distinguishing proof are presented.

III.H. Peripheral Vitreo–Retinal Pathologies

Vitreous ◽  
2014 ◽  
pp. 347-373
Author(s):  
J. Sebag ◽  
Stephan Dunker ◽  
W. Richard Green
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Pathologies

scholarly journals The Expression of Decidual Protein Induced by Progesterone (DEPP) Is Controlled by Three Distal Consensus Hypoxia Responsive Element (HRE) in Hypoxic Retinal Epithelial Cells

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Katrin Klee ◽  
Federica Storti ◽  
Jordi Maggi ◽  
Vyara Todorova ◽  
Duygu Karademir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Transcriptional Start Site ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Mouse Retina ◽  
Hypoxic Induction ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Responsive Element ◽  
Retinal Pathologies

Hypoxia affects the development and/or progression of several retinopathies. Decidual protein induced by progesterone (DEPP) has been identified as a hypoxia-responsive gene that may be part of cellular pathways such as autophagy and connected to retinal diseases. To increase our understanding of DEPP regulation in the eye, we defined its expression pattern in mouse and human retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Interestingly, DEPP expression was increased in an age-dependent way in the central human RPE. We showed that DEPP was regulated by hypoxia in the mouse retina and eyecup and that this regulation was controlled by hypoxia-inducible transcription factors 1 and 2 (HIF1 and HIF2). Furthermore, we identified three hypoxia response elements (HREs) about 3.5 kb proximal to the transcriptional start site that were responsible for hypoxic induction of DEPP in a human RPE cell line. Comparative genomics analysis suggested that one of the three HREs resides in a highly conserved genomic region. Collectively, we defined the molecular elements controlling hypoxic induction of DEPP in an RPE cell line, and provided evidence for an enrichment of DEPP in the aged RPE of human donors. This makes DEPP an interesting gene to study with respect to aging and age-related retinal pathologies.

scholarly journals Clinicoradiological Correlation of Macropsia due to Acute Stroke: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayra Johana Montalvo ◽  
Muhib Alam Khan
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Ischemic Injury ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Visual Identification ◽  
Brodmann Areas ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Retinal Pathologies ◽  
The Brain

Dysmetropsia (macropsia, micropsia, teleopsia, or pelopsia) most commonly results from retinal pathologies, epileptic seizure, neoplastic lesions, viral infection, or psychoactive drugs. Vascular lesions are an uncommon cause of dysmetropsia. Vascular hemimicropsia, although rare, has been more frequently described in the literature, whereas hemimacropsia from acute ischemic injury is exceedingly rare. We describe a patient presenting in the emergency room (ER) with visual perception disturbances characterized by a distorted perception of the size of objects, compatible with left hemimacropsia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed an acute occipitotemporal ischemic injury corresponding to the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) territory. The location of the lesion is consistent with previous case reports that suggest that hemimacropsia is associated with the occipitotemporal projection, which plays a decisive role in the visual identification of objects by interconnecting the striate, prestriate, and inferior temporal areas. The difference of our case as compared to previous case reports is that the lesion in our patient spared Brodmann area 17 (calcarine cortex) and therefore did not present symptoms of quadrantanopsia. Instead, the patient presented isolated hemimacropsia, therefore suggesting that the anatomical lesion causing hemimacropsia is located in the ventral portion of the occipitotemporal projection, more specifically Brodmann areas 18 (parastriate) and 19 (peristriate).

scholarly journals Outcome of intravitreal bevacizumab injection without pre and postoperative antibiotics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchi Shrestha ◽  
Pratap Karki ◽  
Sagun Narayan Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Intravitreal Injection ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Intravitreal Bevacizumab ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intravitreal Injections ◽  
Intravitreal Bevacizumab Injection ◽  
Retinal Pathologies ◽  
Bevacizumab Injection

Abstract Backgound Intravitreal injections are the most common treatment modality for several retinal pathologies. Despite endophthalmitis being the most feared complication, antibioprophylaxis remains controversial in intravitreal injections.Methods This was a retrospective study done for a period of 2 years from 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2018 in BPKLCOS among patients receiving intravitreal bevacizumab. The intravitreal injection was given by a single surgeon. It included 503 eyes which received intravitreal bevacizumab over a period of 2 years without pre and postoperative antibiotics.Results Out of 503 eyes studied over a period of 2 years without antibiotic prophylaxis the rate of endophthalmitis was 0.0019% which is very low compared to the other studies with rate of endophthalmitis between 0.019-0.09%.Conclusion The rate of endophthalmitis doesn’t increase after giving intravitreal injections without the use of preoperative/postoperative prophylactic antibiotics. Intravitreal injection can be given safely without pre-operative and post-operative antibiotics. Trial Registration not applicable as it is a retrospective study.

scholarly journals Differential Diagnosis of Retinopathy of Prematurity

2018 ◽  
pp. 73-77
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Incontinentia Pigmenti ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Childhood Blindness ◽  
Norrie Disease ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Retinal Pathologies

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) which is a proliferative vitreoretinopathy is seen in preterm babies has become one of the main causes of preventable childhood blindness in the developing countries. Nowadays, the survival rate of preterm babies who have low birth weight has been increasing thanks to neonatal advances. For this reason, the incidence of ROP has increased in recent times. Similar retinal pathologies to ROP can be seen in the term babies with normal birth weight. In this review, it is aimed to be discussed in detail on the retinal vascular disorders that may be mistaken with ROP clinically such as familial exudative vitreoretinopathy, persistent fetal vasculopathy, Norrie disease, incontinentia pigmenti, and osteoporosis pseudoglioma.

scholarly journals The Potential of Lisosan G as a Possible Treatment for Glaucoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Amato ◽  
Maria Grazia Rossino ◽  
Maurizio Cammalleri ◽  
Anna Maria Timperio ◽  
Giuseppina Fanelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Blood Retinal Barrier ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Temporal Profiles ◽  
Retinal Pathologies

Lisosan G (LG), a fermented powder obtained from whole grains, is a nutritional supplement containing a variety of metabolites with documented antioxidant properties. We have recently demonstrated that orally administered LG protects diabetic rodent retinas from oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, blood-retinal barrier disruption, and functional damage. Here, we investigated whether LG may exert protective effects in a model of glaucoma and measured the amounts of selected LG components that reach the retina after oral LG administration. Six-month-old DBA/2J mice were given an aqueous LG solution in place of drinking water for 2 mo. During the 2 mo of treatment with LG, the intraocular pressure (IOP) was monitored and the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) functional activity was recorded with pattern-electroretinography (PERG). At the end of the 2-mo period, the expression of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers was measured with qPCR, and RGC survival or macroglial activation were assessed with immunofluorescence. Alternatively, LG was administered by gavage and the concentrations of four of the main LG components (nicotinamide, gallic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and quercetin) were measured in the retinas in the following 24 h using mass spectrometry. LG treatment in DBA/2J mice did not influence IOP, but it affected RGC function since PERG amplitude was increased and PERG latency was decreased with respect to untreated DBA/2J mice. This improvement of RGC function was concomitant with a significant decrease of both oxidative stress and inflammation marker expression, of RGC loss, and of macroglial activation. All four LG metabolites were found in the retina, although with different proportions with respect to the amount in the dose of administered LG, and with different temporal profiles in the 24 h following administration. These findings are consistent with neuroenhancing and neuroprotective effects of LG in glaucoma that are likely to derive from its powerful antioxidant properties. The co-occurrence of different metabolites in LG may provide an added value to their beneficial effects and indicate LG as a basis for the potential treatment of a variety of retinal pathologies.

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