scholarly journals Clinicoradiological Correlation of Macropsia due to Acute Stroke: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayra Johana Montalvo ◽  
Muhib Alam Khan
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Ischemic Injury ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Visual Identification ◽  
Brodmann Areas ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Retinal Pathologies ◽  
The Brain

Dysmetropsia (macropsia, micropsia, teleopsia, or pelopsia) most commonly results from retinal pathologies, epileptic seizure, neoplastic lesions, viral infection, or psychoactive drugs. Vascular lesions are an uncommon cause of dysmetropsia. Vascular hemimicropsia, although rare, has been more frequently described in the literature, whereas hemimacropsia from acute ischemic injury is exceedingly rare. We describe a patient presenting in the emergency room (ER) with visual perception disturbances characterized by a distorted perception of the size of objects, compatible with left hemimacropsia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed an acute occipitotemporal ischemic injury corresponding to the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) territory. The location of the lesion is consistent with previous case reports that suggest that hemimacropsia is associated with the occipitotemporal projection, which plays a decisive role in the visual identification of objects by interconnecting the striate, prestriate, and inferior temporal areas. The difference of our case as compared to previous case reports is that the lesion in our patient spared Brodmann area 17 (calcarine cortex) and therefore did not present symptoms of quadrantanopsia. Instead, the patient presented isolated hemimacropsia, therefore suggesting that the anatomical lesion causing hemimacropsia is located in the ventral portion of the occipitotemporal projection, more specifically Brodmann areas 18 (parastriate) and 19 (peristriate).

scholarly journals Resolution of brainstem edema after treatment of a dural tentorial arteriovenous fistula

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hortensia Alvarez ◽  
Deanna Sasaki-Adams ◽  
Mauricio Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Venous Anatomy ◽  
Venous Involvement ◽  
Complete Reversal ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Surgical Treatments ◽  
The Brain

We report a patient with a petrosal arterio-venous dural fistula draining into the ponto-mesencephalic and medullary venous systems presenting with edema of the brain stem and complete reversal of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities after combined endovascular and surgical treatments. The venous anatomy of the posterior fossa and the significance of the venous involvement as the cause of clinical symptoms and imaging abnormalities in cerebro-medullary vascular lesions are discussed.

The Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging with High-Resolution CT in the Evaluation of Facial Paralysis

1989 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell K. Schwaber ◽  
David Zealear ◽  
James L. Netterville ◽  
Michael Seshul ◽  
Robert H. Ossoff
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been widely used in the evaluation of suspected acoustic neuroma, but has not received the same attention with respect to facial paralysis. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has been the radiologic test of choice to evaluate the facial nerve. The necessary HRCT projections, slices, and enhancement techniques to visualize each segment have been outlined. We have developed a radiologic protocol that uses MRI in conjunction with HRCT, applying the strengths of each to evaluate the facial nerve. We have evaluated 15 patients and have found that MRI is the better study to evaluate the brain stem/cerebellopontine angle segment of the facial nerve and better evaluates bone-soft tissue Interfaces. HRCT is better in the evaluation of the intratemporal segment of the facial nerve and the assessment of the anatomic perspectives of a lesion within the temporal bone. The results are discussed and case reports Illustrate the efficacy of this approach.

scholarly journals 0.1T magnetic resonance image in the study of experimental hydrocephalus in rats. Accuracy of the method in the measurements of the ventricular size

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 768-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Caputo de Castro ◽  
Hélio Rubens Machado ◽  
Carlos Henrique Rocha Catalão ◽  
Betina Aisengart de Siqueira ◽  
Ana Leda Bertoncini Simões ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Image ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ventricular Size ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Experimental Hydrocephalus ◽  
Intracisternal Injection ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain

PURPOSE: To investigate the accuracy of 1.0T Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to measure the ventricular size in experimental hydrocephalus in pup rats. METHODS: Wistar rats were subjected to hydrocephalus by intracisternal injection of 20% kaolin (n=13). Ten rats remained uninjected to be used as controls. At the endpoint of experiment animals were submitted to MRI of brain and killed. The ventricular size was assessed using three measures: ventricular ratio (VR), the cortical thickness (Cx) and the ventricles area (VA), performed on photographs of anatomical sections and MRI. RESULTS: The images obtained through MR present enough quality to show the lateral ventricular cavities but not to demonstrate the difference between the cortex and the white matter, as well as the details of the deep structures of the brain. There were no statistically differences between the measures on anatomical sections and MRI of VR and Cx (p=0.9946 and p=0.5992, respectively). There was difference between VA measured on anatomical sections and MRI (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: The parameters obtained through 1.0T MRI were sufficient in quality to individualize the ventricular cavities and the cerebral cortex, and to calculate the ventricular ratio in hydrocephalus rats when compared to their respective anatomic slice.

scholarly journals A Rare Case of Stroke Secondary to Iron Deficiency Anemia in a Young Female Patient

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha Gopalratnam ◽  
Kevin Andrew Woodson ◽  
Jigarkumar Rangunwala ◽  
Kanaga Sena ◽  
Manisha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Focal Neurological Deficit ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain

Ischemic strokes occur when there is a sudden obstruction of an artery supplying blood flow to an area of the brain, leading to a focal neurological deficit. Strokes can be thrombotic or embolic in etiology and are associated with underlying conditions such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. Possible etiologies of strokes include cardioembolic disease, hematologic disorders, connective tissue disorders, and substance abuse or can be cryptogenic. Most stroke cases are seen in patients over 65 years of age. However, about one-fourth of strokes occur in young adults. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) has been described as a known cause for strokes in children, but very few case reports describe this association in adults. We describe a 20-year-old female who presented with sudden onset left side weakness. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the brain demonstrated ischemic infarctions. Patient was also found to be severely anemic. Patient had a thorough work-up including Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) of the brain, echocardiogram, and an extensive screen for thrombophilia disorders. This, however, did not demonstrate a clear etiology. As it has been suggested that IDA is a potential cause for stroke, it is possible the stroke in this young patient was attributable to severe IDA.

Severe Head Injury linked to Subsequent Development of Malignant Brain Tumour within a Short Period- A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Brain Tumour ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Malignant Brain Tumour ◽  
Tumour Development ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Brain

There have been a few case reports of head injury leading to brain tumour development in the same region as the brain injury. Here we report a case where the patient suffered a severe head injury with contusion. He recovered clinically with conservative management. Follow up Computed Tomography scan of the brain a month later showed complete resolution of the lesion. He subsequently developed malignant brain tumour in the same region as the original contusion within a very short period of 15 months. Head injury patients need close follow up especially when severe. The link between severity of head injury and malignant brain tumour development needs further evaluation. Role of anti-inflammatory agents for prevention of post traumatic brain tumours needs further exploration.

THE SUBJECT FIELD OF INSTITUTIONAL EDUCATION: THE SENSE AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Irina Mordous
Keyword(s):  
Decisive Role ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
National Education ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Separate Area ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Political Economic

The development of modern civilization attests to its decisive role in the progressive development of institutions. They identified the difference between Western civilization and the rest of the world. Confirmation of the institutional advantages of the West was its early industrialization. The genesis and formation of institutionalism in its ideological and conceptualmethodological orientation occurs as a process alternative to neoclassic in the context of world heterodoxia, which quickly spread in social science. Highlighting institutional education as a separate area of sociocultural activity is determined by the factor of differentiation of institutional theory as a whole. A feature of institutional education is its orientation toward the individual and his/her transformation into a personality. The content of institutional education is revealed through the analysis of the institution, which includes a set of established customs, traditions, ways of thinking, behavioral stereotypes of individuals and social groups. The dynamics of socio-political, economic transformations in Ukraine requires a review of the foundations of national education and determination of the prospects for its development in the 21st century in the context of institutionalism.

Bilateral Striatal Necrosis with Polyneuropathy with a Novel SLC25A19 (Mitochondrial Thiamine Pyrophosphate Carrier OMIMI*606521) Mutation: Treatable Thiamine Metabolic Disorder—A Report of Two Indian Cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (05) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vykuntaraju K. Gowda ◽  
Varunvenkat M. Srinivasan ◽  
Kapil Jehta ◽  
Maya D. Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Flaccid Paralysis ◽  
Thiamine Pyrophosphate ◽  
Homozygous Mutation ◽  
Missense Variation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Striatal Necrosis

Abstract Background SLC25A19 gene mutations cause Amish congenital lethal microcephaly and bilateral striatal necrosis with polyneuropathy. We are reporting two cases of bilateral striatal necrosis with polyneuropathy due to SLC25A19 gene mutations. Methods A 36-month-old boy and a 5-year-old girl, unrelated, presented with recurrent episodes of flaccid paralysis and encephalopathy following nonspecific febrile illness. Examination showed dystonia and absent deep tendon reflexes. Results Nerve conduction studies showed an axonal polyneuropathy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain in both cases showed signal changes in the basal ganglia. Next-generation sequencing revealed a novel homozygous missense variation c.910G>A (p.Glu304Lys) in the SLC25A19 gene in the boy and a homozygous mutation c.869T > A (p. Leu290Gln) in the SLC25A19 gene in the girl. Mutations were validated by Sanger sequencing, and carrier statuses of parents of both children were confirmed. Both children improved with thiamine supplementation. Conclusion If any child presents with recurrent encephalopathy with flaccid paralysis, dystonia, and neuropathy, a diagnosis of bilateral striatal necrosis with polyneuropathy due to SLC25A19 mutations should be considered and thiamine should be initiated.

scholarly journals Beyond Oncological Hyperthermia: Physically Drivable Magnetic Nanobubbles as Novel Multipurpose Theranostic Carriers in the Central Nervous System

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 2104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Ficiarà ◽  
Shoeb Anwar Ansari ◽  
Monica Argenziano ◽  
Luigi Cangemi ◽  
Chiara Monge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Conventional Radiotherapy ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain

Magnetic Oxygen-Loaded Nanobubbles (MOLNBs), manufactured by adding Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPIONs) on the surface of polymeric nanobubbles, are investigated as theranostic carriers for delivering oxygen and chemotherapy to brain tumors. Physicochemical and cyto-toxicological properties and in vitro internalization by human brain microvascular endothelial cells as well as the motion of MOLNBs in a static magnetic field were investigated. MOLNBs are safe oxygen-loaded vectors able to overcome the brain membranes and drivable through the Central Nervous System (CNS) to deliver their cargoes to specific sites of interest. In addition, MOLNBs are monitorable either via Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or Ultrasound (US) sonography. MOLNBs can find application in targeting brain tumors since they can enhance conventional radiotherapy and deliver chemotherapy being driven by ad hoc tailored magnetic fields under MRI and/or US monitoring.

scholarly journals Digital Glomus Tumor: Bibliographic Review of the Studies Published over the Past 10 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (01) ◽  
pp. 046-055
Author(s):  
Victoria Hernández ◽  
Tania Lena ◽  
Eliana Camacho ◽  
Matías Craviotto
Keyword(s):  
Glomus Tumor ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Benign Neoplasm ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Glomus Tumors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractGlomus tumors are a mostly benign neoplasm that constitutes less than 4% of upper-limb soft-tissue tumors. Its unspecific clinical presentation, added to its low frequency, leads to a late diagnosis.The objective of the present study is to update the clinical-paraclinical approach and the surgical technique used in the treatment.We carried out a literature review from 2014 to 2019 on digital glomus tumor in the hand in adult patients using the PubMed search engine.In most of the publications analyzed, the diagnosis was clinical, with a delay of 1 to 10 years. Plain radiography is the most requested study; of the 16 articles reporting its indication, only half evidenced compatible changes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was requested in 15 articles, presenting normal results in 3 of them. The treatment of choice was surgical excision using a transungual approach. Only 4 articles report recurrence after excision.Although there is diversity in the approach to these tumors, we conclude that the diagnosis is clinical, and the treatment surgical, and there is no consensus regarding the paraclinical indication. The information available comes mainly from case reports, publications that contribute to the generation of evidence for the clinical practice in rare diseases such as this one.

scholarly journals Successful endovascular stenting of a bleeding external iliac vein mycotic aneurysm in an oncologic patient: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupal S. Parikh ◽  
Shiyi Li ◽  
Christopher Shackles ◽  
Tamim Khaddash
Keyword(s):  
Mycotic Aneurysm ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Iliac Vein ◽  
Pelvic Abscess ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Endovascular Stenting ◽  
Oncologic Patient ◽  
External Iliac Vein ◽  
Effective Option

Abstract Background Mycotic aneurysms are rare vascular lesions, occurring in 0.6–2% of arterial aneurysms but with no reported venous cases. Venous aneurysms unrelated to an underlying infectious process have been previously described and are typically surgically repaired due to risk of thromboembolic events. Case presentation This case reports a bleeding external iliac vein mycotic aneurysm secondary to erosion of a chronic pelvic abscess, successfully treated with endovascular stenting, in an oncologic patient without alternative therapeutic options. Conclusion Venous aneurysms are uncommon vascular lesions which have historically been treated with open surgical repair. Given the lower degree of procedural morbidity, endovascular management of these lesions may be an effective option in the appropriate setting, particularly as a last resort in patients without surgical treatment options.

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