Plant density estimation and weeds mapping on row crops at emergence using low altitude UAS imagery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cary McCraine ◽  
Sathishkumar Samiappan ◽  
Joby Czarnecki ◽  
Darrin M Dodds
Keyword(s):  
Density Estimation ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Low Altitude

scholarly journals Controller for a Low-Altitude Fixed-Wing UAV on an Embedded System to Assess Specific Environmental Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Johannes von Eichel-Streiber ◽  
Christoph Weber ◽  
Jesús Rodrigo-Comino ◽  
Jens Altenburg
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Small Uav ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
Elevation Model

The use of an appropriate sensor on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is vital to assess specific environmental conditions successfully. In addition, technicians and scientists also appreciate a platform to carry the sensors with some advantages such as the low costs or easy pilot management. However, extra requirements like a low-altitude flight are necessary for special applications such as plant density or rice yield. A rotary UAV matches this requirement, but the flight endurance is too short for large areas. Therefore, in this article, a fixed-wing UAV is used, which is more appropriate because of its longer flight endurance. It is necessary to develop an own controller system to use special sensors such as Lidar or Radar on the platform as a multifunctionality system. Thereby, these sensors are used to generate a digital elevation model and also as a collision avoidance sensor at the same time. To achieve this goal, a small UAV was equipped with a hardware platform including a microcontroller and sensors. After testing the system and simulation, the controller was converted into program code to implement it on the microcontroller. After that, several real flights were performed to validate the controller and sensors. We demonstrated that the system is able to work and match the high requirements for future research.

scholarly journals Estimates of plant density of wheat crops at emergence from very low altitude UAV imagery

2017 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuliang Jin ◽  
Shouyang Liu ◽  
Frédéric Baret ◽  
Matthieu Hemerlé ◽  
Alexis Comar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Low Altitude

scholarly journals The effect of biological products and microelement fertilizer ‘Organomix’ on maize productivity in the southern part of the Rostov region

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
S. A. Vasilchenko ◽  
G. V. Metlina ◽  
Yu. V. Laktionov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Yield Structure

The current paper has presented the study results on the effect of biological products and microelement fertilizers ‘Organomix’ on productivity of the maize hybrid ‘Zernogradsky 354MV’ carried out in laboratory for cultivation technologies of row crops (FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”) in 2019–2020. The soil in the experimental plot was favorable for the cultivation of corn, containing 3.36% of humus in the arable layer, 24.4 mg of mobile phosphorus, and 360 mg of exchangeable potassium per 1 kg of soil. The soil pH was 7.0. The study was carried out to estimate the effect of the use of biological products for seed treatment and microelement fertilizers ‘Organomix’ for plant treatment on productivity and economic efficiency of maize cultivation. There was low moisture content of sowings during the period of the trial. There was established an uneven distribution of precipitation, the value of the hydrothermal coefficient was less than 1 (0.64 in 2019 and 0.65 in 2020), which indicated the dryness of the vegetation period. The studied biological products and microelement fertilizers influenced the yield structure elements. The applied biological products and microelement fertilizers ‘Organomix’ improved survival rate of plants before harvesting (the plant density was 4.39–4.54 pcs/m2). There was increase of grain productivity indicators, namely cob weight ranged from 112.9 to 125.7 g, grain weight per ear varied from 94.4 to 104.8 g and 1000-grain weight was 221.2–231.4 g. The improvement of the yield structure elements increased grain productivity on 0.25–0.77 t/ha. Economic efficiency showed that the use of biological products and microelement fertilizers raised the conditional net income to the level of 28 061–34 821 rubles/ha, profitability up to 167.6–201.8% and reduced production costs to 4640–5231 rubles/t.

scholarly journals Above-ground and Below-ground Biomass situation of Milke-Jaljale Rangeland at Different Altitudinal Gradient

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
D.K. Limbu ◽  
M. Koirala
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Altitudinal Gradient ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Carbon Reduction ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Harvesting Method ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Low Altitude

Rangeland conservation has been increasingly interested for carbon reduction and mitigation of climate change, because of carbon storage. Thus, biomass of the rangeland remains pivotal regarding carbon sequestration on rangeland. Present study was conducted in high altitude rangeland at Jaljale (4000 m), Gorujure (3500 m) and Milke (3000 m) on September, 2010 with an objective to estimate rangeland biomass following the total harvesting method. Result revealed that biomass of high altitude rangeland has relatively high value (1.50 t/ha for both above ground biomass and 43.48 t/ha for below ground biomass) compared to low altitude rangeland (0.35 t/ha for above ground biomass and 16.93 t/ha for below ground biomass). Similarly, monocot plant density play crucial role for biomass contribution of rangeland.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v9i1.5740

Incidence of yellows in sugar beet as affected by variation in plant density and arrangement

1982 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Johnstone ◽  
T. B. Koen ◽  
H. L. Conley
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Image Position

AbstractAphid species found infesting sugar-beet in Tasmania were Aphis craccivora Koch, Aulacorthum solani (Kalt), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thos.) and Myzus persicae (Sulz.). The activity of infective alatae over plots of sugar-beet established by sowing at different densities and arrangements to produce 12 treatments was gauged by recording the numbers of plants which became affected with virus yellows symptoms. The incidence of yellows increased as plant density decreased and as plant arrangement altered from rectangular to more square patterns. A regression equation of the form: where a, b, c and d were constants and x and y the intra- and interrow spacings, respectively, accounted for 92% of the variation produced by the 12 treatments. These results indicate that the incidence of virus infection in row crops resulting from aphid flight activity may be manipulated through altering plant density and arrangement.

scholarly journals The Extension of Vegetable Production to High Altitudes Increases the Environmental Cost and Decreases Economic Benefits in Subtropical Regions

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaozhong Wang ◽  
Tao Liang ◽  
Dunxiu Liao ◽  
Weilin Tao ◽  
Rui Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
High Altitude Area ◽  
Low Altitude

Abstract Global warming has driven the expansion of cultivated land to high-altitude areas. Intensive vegetable production, which is generally considered to be a high economic value and high environmental risk system, has expanded greatly in high-altitude mountainous areas of China. However, the environmental cost of vegetable production in these areas is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated pepper production at low (traditional pepper production area) and high (newly expanded area) altitudes in Shizhu, a typical pepper crop area. The output and environmental cost at the two altitudes were identified. We evaluated the influence of resource inputs, climate, and soil properties on pepper production. There were obvious differences in output and environmental cost between the two altitudes. High-altitude pepper production achieved a 16.2% lower yield, and had a higher fertilizer input, resulting in a 22.3% lower net ecosystem economic benefit (NEEB), 23.0% higher nitrogen (N) footprint and 24.0% higher carbon (C) footprint compared to low-altitude farming. There is potential for environmental mitigation with both high- and low-altitude pepper production; Compared to average farmers, high yield farmers groups reduced their N and C footprints by 16.9–24.8% and 18.3–25.2%, respectively, with 30.6–34.1% higher yield. A large increase in yield could also be achieved by increasing the top-dress fertilizer rate and decreasing the plant density. Importantly, high-altitude pepper production was achieved despite less advanced technology and inferior conditions (e.g., a poor road system and uneven fields). It provides a reference for the study on environmental cost of other high-altitude regions or other crop systems at high altitude area.

Solar Flare Energetic Neutral Emission Measurements in the Project Coronas-I

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 635-639
Author(s):  
J. Baláž ◽  
A. V. Dmitriev ◽  
M. A. Kovalevskaya ◽  
K. Kudela ◽  
S. N. Kuznetsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Flare ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Pulse Shape ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Pulse Shape Discrimination ◽  
Shape Discrimination ◽  
Solar Neutron ◽  
Low Altitude

AbstractThe experiment SONG (SOlar Neutron and Gamma rays) for the low altitude satellite CORONAS-I is described. The instrument is capable to provide gamma-ray line and continuum detection in the energy range 0.1 – 100 MeV as well as detection of neutrons with energies above 30 MeV. As a by-product, the electrons in the range 11 – 108 MeV will be measured too. The pulse shape discrimination technique (PSD) is used.

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