Flexible silicon nitride photonic integrated circuit embedded in polymer handle

Author(s):  
Rakshitha Kallega ◽  
Siddharth Nambiar ◽  
Sandeep Kalathimekkad ◽  
Viphretuo Mere ◽  
Shankar Kumar Selvaraja
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (17) ◽  
pp. 4140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Naim R. Ahmed ◽  
Andrew Mercante ◽  
Shouyuan Shi ◽  
Peng Yao ◽  
Dennis W. Prather

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Tsokos ◽  
Efstathios Andrianopoulos ◽  
Adam Raptakis ◽  
Nikolaos Lyras ◽  
Lefteris Gounaridis ◽  
...  

<div>We demonstrate a broadband and continuously tunable 1×4 optical beamforming network (OBFN), based on the hybrid integration of indium phosphide (InP) components in the silicon nitride (Si3N4) platform. The photonic integrated circuit (PIC) comprises a hybrid InP-Si3N4 external cavity laser, a pair of InP phase modulators, a Si3N4 optical single-sideband full carrier (SSBFC) filter followed by four tunable optical true time delay lines (OTTDLs), and four InP photodetectors. The performance of the OBFN-PIC is experimentally characterized by measuring the link gain, noise figure, and spurious free dynamic range of the microwave photonics links. Moreover, we assess its beamforming capabilities assuming that the OBFN-PIC is part of a wireless system operating in the downlink direction and feeds a multielement antenna array. Using microwave signals at 5 and 10 GHz with quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) formats at 500 Mbaud, we evaluate the performance of the OBFN-PIC under various configurations. An error-free performance is achieved for all the experimental cases validating the potential of the proposed OBFN-PIC for high-quality beamforming performance. To our best of knowledge, this is the first thorough performance evaluation of a fully integrated OBFN-PIC.</div>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Tsokos ◽  
Efstathios Andrianopoulos ◽  
Adam Raptakis ◽  
Nikolaos Lyras ◽  
Lefteris Gounaridis ◽  
...  

<div>We demonstrate a broadband and continuously tunable 1×4 optical beamforming network (OBFN), based on the hybrid integration of indium phosphide (InP) components in the silicon nitride (Si3N4) platform. The photonic integrated circuit (PIC) comprises a hybrid InP-Si3N4 external cavity laser, a pair of InP phase modulators, a Si3N4 optical single-sideband full carrier (SSBFC) filter followed by four tunable optical true time delay lines (OTTDLs), and four InP photodetectors. The performance of the OBFN-PIC is experimentally characterized by measuring the link gain, noise figure, and spurious free dynamic range of the microwave photonics links. Moreover, we assess its beamforming capabilities assuming that the OBFN-PIC is part of a wireless system operating in the downlink direction and feeds a multielement antenna array. Using microwave signals at 5 and 10 GHz with quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) formats at 500 Mbaud, we evaluate the performance of the OBFN-PIC under various configurations. An error-free performance is achieved for all the experimental cases validating the potential of the proposed OBFN-PIC for high-quality beamforming performance. To our best of knowledge, this is the first thorough performance evaluation of a fully integrated OBFN-PIC.</div>


2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (20) ◽  
pp. 4791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenxuan Yin ◽  
Yujie Chen ◽  
Xiaohui Jiang ◽  
Yanfeng Zhang ◽  
Zengkai Shao ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Witzens ◽  
Patrick Leisching ◽  
Alireza Tabatabaei Mashayekh ◽  
Thomas Klos ◽  
Sina Koch ◽  
...  

A large number of discrete optical components could be replaced by a photonic integrated circuit in a multi-color laser engine for the visible spectral range. The photonic integrated circuit is based on silicon nitride waveguide technology. We report on the use of silicon nitride (SiN) photonic integrated circuits (PICs) in high-value instrumentation, namely multi-color laser engines (MLEs), a core element of cutting-edge biophotonic systems applied to confocal microscopy, fluorescent microscopy - including super-resolution stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy - flow cytometry, optogenetics, genetic analysis and DNA sequencing, to name just a few. These have in common the selective optical excitation of molecules - fluorophores, or, in the case of optogenetics, light-gated ion channels - with laser radiation falling within their absorption spectrum. Unambiguous identification of molecules or cellular subsets often requires jointly analyzing fluorescent signals from several fluorescent markers, so that MLEs are required to provide excitation wavelengths for several commercially available biocompatible fluorophores. A number of functionalities are required from MLEs in addition to sourcing the required wavelengths: Variable attenuation and/or digital intensity modulation in the Hz to kHz range are required for a number of applications such as optical trapping, lifetime imaging, or fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP). Moreover, switching of the laser between two fiber outputs can be utilized for example to switch between scanning confocal microscopy and widefield illumination modes, for instance, for conventional fluorescence imaging.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Antonacci ◽  
Jeroen Goyvaerts ◽  
Haolan Zhao ◽  
Bettina Baumgartner ◽  
Bernhard Lendl ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
José Capmany ◽  
Daniel Pérez

Programmable Integrated Photonics (PIP) is a new paradigm that aims at designing common integrated optical hardware configurations, which by suitable programming can implement a variety of functionalities that, in turn, can be exploited as basic operations in many application fields. Programmability enables by means of external control signals both chip reconfiguration for multifunction operation as well as chip stabilization against non-ideal operation due to fluctuations in environmental conditions and fabrication errors. Programming also allows activating parts of the chip, which are not essential for the implementation of a given functionality but can be of help in reducing noise levels through the diversion of undesired reflections. After some years where the Application Specific Photonic Integrated Circuit (ASPIC) paradigm has completely dominated the field of integrated optics, there is an increasing interest in PIP justified by the surge of a number of emerging applications that are and will be calling for true flexibility, reconfigurability as well as low-cost, compact and low-power consuming devices. This book aims to provide a comprehensive introduction to this emergent field covering aspects that range from the basic aspects of technologies and building photonic component blocks to the design alternatives and principles of complex programmable photonics circuits, their limiting factors, techniques for characterization and performance monitoring/control and their salient applications both in the classical as well as in the quantum information fields. The book concentrates and focuses mainly on the distinctive features of programmable photonics as compared to more traditional ASPIC approaches.


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