Machine-learning regression for coral reef percentage cover mapping

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramaditya Wicaksono ◽  
Wahyu Lazuardi ◽  
Muhammad Kamal ◽  
Afif Al Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Percentage Cover

scholarly journals Ocean acidification accelerates dissolution of experimental coral reef communities

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Comeau ◽  
R. C. Carpenter ◽  
C. A. Lantz ◽  
P. J. Edmunds
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
High Pco2 ◽  
Back Reef ◽  
Percentage Cover ◽  
Tropical Coral ◽  
Reef Communities ◽  
Coral Reef Communities

Abstract. Ocean acidification (OA) poses a severe threat to tropical coral reefs, yet much of what is know about these effects comes from individual corals and algae incubated in isolation under high pCO2. Studies of similar effects on coral reef communities are scarce. To investigate the response of coral reef communities to OA, we used large outdoor flumes in which communities composed of calcified algae, corals, and sediment were combined to match the percentage cover of benthic communities in the shallow back reef of Moorea, French Polynesia. Reef communities in the flumes were exposed to ambient (~ 400 μatm) and high pCO2 (~ 1300 μatm) for 8 weeks, and calcification rates measured for the constructed communities including the sediments. Community calcification was reduced by 59% under high pCO2, with sediment dissolution explaining ~ 50% of this decrease; net calcification of corals and calcified algae remained positive but was reduced by 29% under elevated pCO2. These results show that, despite the capacity of coral reef calcifiers to maintain positive net accretion of calcium carbonate under OA conditions, reef communities might transition to net dissolution as pCO2 increases, particularly at night, due to enhanced sediment dissolution.

scholarly journals Delineating reef fish trophic guilds with global gut content data synthesis and phylogeny

PLoS Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. e3000702
Author(s):  
Valeriano Parravicini ◽  
Jordan M. Casey ◽  
Nina M. D. Schiettekatte ◽  
Simon J. Brandl ◽  
Chloé Pozas-Schacre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Reef Fish ◽  
Trophic Interactions ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
Coral Reef Fishes ◽  
Misclassification Error ◽  
Trophic Guilds ◽  
Gut Content

Understanding species’ roles in food webs requires an accurate assessment of their trophic niche. However, it is challenging to delineate potential trophic interactions across an ecosystem, and a paucity of empirical information often leads to inconsistent definitions of trophic guilds based on expert opinion, especially when applied to hyperdiverse ecosystems. Using coral reef fishes as a model group, we show that experts disagree on the assignment of broad trophic guilds for more than 20% of species, which hampers comparability across studies. Here, we propose a quantitative, unbiased, and reproducible approach to define trophic guilds and apply recent advances in machine learning to predict probabilities of pairwise trophic interactions with high accuracy. We synthesize data from community-wide gut content analyses of tropical coral reef fishes worldwide, resulting in diet information from 13,961 individuals belonging to 615 reef fish. We then use network analysis to identify 8 trophic guilds and Bayesian phylogenetic modeling to show that trophic guilds can be predicted based on phylogeny and maximum body size. Finally, we use machine learning to test whether pairwise trophic interactions can be predicted with accuracy. Our models achieved a misclassification error of less than 5%, indicating that our approach results in a quantitative and reproducible trophic categorization scheme, as well as high-resolution probabilities of trophic interactions. By applying our framework to the most diverse vertebrate consumer group, we show that it can be applied to other organismal groups to advance reproducibility in trait-based ecology. Our work thus provides a viable approach to account for the complexity of predator–prey interactions in highly diverse ecosystems.

scholarly journals Ocean acidification accelerates dissolution of experimental coral reef communities

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 12323-12339 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Comeau ◽  
R. C. Carpenter ◽  
C. A. Lantz ◽  
P. J. Edmunds
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
High Pco2 ◽  
Back Reef ◽  
Percentage Cover ◽  
Tropical Coral ◽  
Reef Communities ◽  
Coral Reef Communities

Abstract. Ocean acidification (OA) poses a severe threat to tropical coral reefs, yet much of what is know about these effects comes from individual corals and algae incubated in isolation under high pCO2. Studies of similar effects on coral reef communities are scarce. To investigate the response of coral reef communities to OA, we used large outdoor flumes in which communities composed of calcified algae, corals, and sediment were combined to match the percentage cover of benthic communities in the shallow back reef of Moorea, French Polynesia. Reef communities in the flumes were exposed to ambient (~400 μatm) and high pCO2 (~1300 μatm) for 8 weeks, and calcification rates measured for the constructed communities including the sediments. Community calcification was depressed 59% under high pCO2, with sediment dissolution explaining ~50% of this decrease; net calcification of corals and calcified algae remained positive, but was reduced 29% under elevated pCO2. These results show that despite the capacity of coral reef calcifiers to maintain positive net accretion of calcium carbonate under OA conditions, reef communities might switch to net dissolution as pCO2 increases, particularly at night, due to enhanced sediment dissolution.

Interannual variability and decadal stability of benthic organisms on an Indonesian coral reef

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Alberto Rovellini ◽  
Matthew R. Dunn ◽  
Elizabeth A. Fulton ◽  
Lisa Woods ◽  
Jamaluddin Jompa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Good Predictor ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Benthic Organisms ◽  
Percentage Cover ◽  
Turf Algae ◽  
Sessile Invertebrates ◽  
Bare Substrate

Abstract The availability of colonizable substrate is an important driver of the temporal dynamics of sessile invertebrates on coral reefs. Increased dominance of algae and, in some cases, sponges has been documented on many coral reefs around the world, but how these organisms benefit from non-colonized substrate on the reef is unclear. In this study, we described the temporal dynamics of benthic organisms on an Indonesian coral reef across two time periods between 2006 and 2017 (2006–2008 and 2014–2017), and investigated the effects of colonizable substrate on benthic cover of coral reef organisms at subsequent sampling events. In contrast with other Indonesian reefs where corals have been declining, corals were dominant and stable over time at this location (mean ± SE percentage cover 42.7 ± 1.9%). Percentage cover of turf algae and sponges showed larger interannual variability than corals and crustose coralline algae (CCA) (P < 0.001), indicating that these groups are more dynamic over short temporal scales. Bare substrate was a good predictor of turf cover in the following year (mean effect 0.2, 95% CI: 0–0.4). Algal cover combined with bare space was a good predictor of CCA cover the following year generally, and of sponge cover the following year but only at one of the three sites. These results indicate that turf algae on some Indonesian reefs can rapidly occupy free space when this becomes available, and that other benthic groups are probably not limited by the availability of bare substrate, but may overgrow already fouled substrates.

scholarly journals The Distribution of Favites abdita Coral Reef (Ellis and Solander, 1786) in the Land of Coral Coast Village of Malalayang Dua, Malalayang sub-district Manado

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Yusuf Suleman ◽  
Laurentius T. X. Lalamentik ◽  
Unstain N. W. J. Rembet
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Data Sheet ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hard Coral ◽  
Percentage Cover ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Future Data ◽  
Management Effort ◽  
Underwater Camera ◽  
Random Method

This study was conducted at Malalayang Dua waters (Sub-district Malalayang Dua, Manado City). The aim of study is: To know and to inform the coral of Favites abdita. The other aim was to describe the distribution of  Favites abdita. This research also will contribute for the management effort of coral reef in Malalayang Dua area, and also as information and literature in doing research at the same place in the future. Data collection was done by using simple random method with 1x1 meter quadrant. Every coral found was wrote at data sheet. The pictures of those coral was taken by using underwater camera. The highest percentage cover of  hard coral was found in station 3 (1.46%), while the lowest was wrote at station first (0.13%). The distributions patterns of hard coral were found in each stations are Clumped. There is no significant difference in number of colony, percentage cover and diameter for the three depths. Keyword : Distribution coral, Favites abdita Abstrak Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di pantai Kelurahan Malalayang Dua Kecamatan Malalayang Kota Manado. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menginformasikan serta bagaimana mengkaji distribusi karang batu F. abdita. Manfaat penelitian yaitu Memberikan kontribusi bagi upaya pengelolaan terumbu karang di wilayah Pantai Malalayang Dua dan Sebagai bahan informasi dan pustaka serta acuan dalam melakukan penelitian pada tempat yang sama di waktu yang akan datang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode acak sederhana dengan mengunakan kuadran. Pada lokasi penelitian, ditentukan tiga titik pengambilan data, yaitu stasiun 1 stasiun 2 dan stasiun 3. Pada setiap stasiun diletakkan transek berukuran 10x10 meter sebanyak 30 kali ulangan mengunakan kuadran 1x1 meter dengan jarak setiap stasiun 100 meter. Setiap karang yang ditemukan dalam kuadran dicatat pada data sheet dan mengambil gambar dengan camera underwater. Persentase tutupan karang batu tertinggi diperoleh pada stasiun 3 yaitu sebesar 1,46 % dan tutupan terendah pada stasiun 1 yaitu 0,13 %. Pola distribusi karang batu pada ketiga stasiun masing (mengelompok). Pada ketiga kedalaman ini tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata antara jumlah koloni, persentase tutupan dan panjang diameter.

scholarly journals REHABILITASI TERUMBU KARANG MELALUI KOLABORASI TERUMBU BUATAN DAN TRANSPLANTASI KARANG DI KECAMATAN BUNGUS TELUK KABUNG KOTA PADANG: KAJIAN DESKRIPTIF PELAKSANAAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) PT. PERTAMINA (PERSERO) MARKETING OPERATION REGION (MOR) I – TERMINAL BAHAN BAKAR MINYAK (TBBM) TELUK KABUNG

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 730
Author(s):  
Taufina Taufina ◽  
Faisal Faisal ◽  
Stelly Martha Lova
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Artificial Reefs ◽  
Fishing Ground ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Percentage Cover ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Marketing Operation

AbstrakKajian ini ditujukan untuk mengeksplorasi capaian pelaksanaan rehabilitasi terumbu karang melalui kolaborasi terumbu buatan dan transplantasi karang di Kecamatan Bungus Teluk Kabung Kota Padang. Program ini diinisisasi oleh CSR PT. PERTAMINA (Persero) MOR I – Teluk Kabung berlandaskan fakta bahwa kondisi terumbu karang di daerah ini mulai mengalami degradasi lingkungan yang diakibatkan oleh perubahan alam dan ulah tangan manusia yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Metode yang digunakan pada program ini dilihat dari 2 aspek, yaitu pembuatan media substrat dan pengambilan biofisik sebagai pendukung ekologi manfaat terumbu buatan. Hasil rehabilitasi terumbu karang melalui kolaborasi terumbu buatan dan transplantasi karang menunjukkan beberapa hal, antara lain: (1) terumbu buatan banyak ditumbuhi biota lainnya seperti, biofulling dan teritip dan lili laut; (2) di sekitar terumbu buatan, dijumpai rekuitment karang-karang yang mulai berkembang dengan ukuran yang masih kecil dan meningkat percent covernya dari 1,33% menjadi 2,19%; (3) keberadaan ikan pada terumbu buatan semakin meningkat; dan (4) terumbu buatan dihuni oleh ikan-ikan berekonomis tinggi seperti kerapu,bibir tebal, dan sering dijumpai gerombolan ikan ekor kuning sehingga tujuan utama terumbu buatan terpenuhi yaitu sebagai fishing ground masyarakat di sekitarnya. Berdasarkan data itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa program rehabilitasi terumbu karang melalui kolaborasi terumbu buatan dan transplantasi karang di Kecamatan Bungus Teluk Kabung Kota Padang berhasil dilakukan dengan baik sebagai upaya menjaga kelangsungan ekosistem laut di sekitar terumbu karang.Kata kunci: Rehabilitasi, Terumbu Karang, Terumbu Buatan, Transplantasi Karang, Teluk KabungAbstractThe aims of the study is to explore outcomes resulted from the implementation of the coral reefs rehabilitation combining attempts in transplanting artificial reefs and coral in Sub-District of Bungus Teluk Kabung at Padang City. The initiative was taken in place supported by the CSR of PT. PERTAMINA (Persero) MOR I – Teluk Kabung based on the fact that the condition of coral reefs in this area began to experience environmental degradation caused by natural changes and irresponsible human hands. The method used in this program is seen from two aspects, namely the manufacture of substrate media and biophysical retrieval as an ecological support for the benefits of artificial reefs. The results of the rehabilitation of coral reefs through collaboration of artificial reefs and coral transplants show several things, including: (1) artificial reefs are overgrown with other biota such as biofulling and barnacles and sea lilies; (2) in the vicinity of artificial reefs, a number of coral reefs began to develop with a small size and the percentage cover increased from 1.33% to 2.19%; (3) the presence of fish on artificial reefs is increasing; and (4) artificial reefs inhabited by high-economic fish such as groupers, thick lips, and often found yellow-tailed fish hordes so that the main purpose of artificial reefs is fulfilled, namely as fishing ground for the surrounding community. Based on these data, it can be concluded that the coral reef rehabilitation program through collaboration of artificial reefs and coral transplants in Bungus Teluk Kabung District, Padang City was successfully carried out as an effort to maintain the sustainability of marine ecosystems around coral reefs.Keywords: Rehabilitation, Coral Reefs, Artificial Reefs, Coral Transplants, Teluk Kabung

Mind wandering as data augmentation: How mental travel supports abstraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrthe Faber
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Augmentation ◽  
Mental Content ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Important Addition

Abstract Gilead et al. state that abstraction supports mental travel, and that mental travel critically relies on abstraction. I propose an important addition to this theoretical framework, namely that mental travel might also support abstraction. Specifically, I argue that spontaneous mental travel (mind wandering), much like data augmentation in machine learning, provides variability in mental content and context necessary for abstraction.

Data Mining and Machine Learning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed J. Zaki ◽  
Wagner Meira, Jr
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Mining
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document