Application of high-energy x-rays in additive manufacturing process optimizations (Conference Presentation)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dileep Singh
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays

scholarly journals Thermal analysis of Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Belhadj ◽  
Sana Werda ◽  
Asma Belhadj ◽  
Robin Kromer ◽  
Philippe Darnis
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Metal Deposition ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Thermal Cycles ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

Wire arc additive manufacturing process (WAAM) is an innovative technology that offers freedom in terms of designing functional parts, due to its ability to manufacture large and complex workpieces with a high rate of deposition. This technology is a metal AM process using an electric arc heat source. The parts manufactured are affected by thermal residual stresses due to high-energy input between wire and workpiece despite numerous advantages with this technology. It could cause severe deformation and change the global mechanical response. A 3D transient thermal model was created to evaluate the thermal gradients and fields during metal deposition. The material used in this study is a steel alloy (S355JR-AR). This numerical model takes into account the heat dissipation through the external environment and the heat loss through the cooling system under the base plate. Birth-element activation strategy was used to generate warm solid part following the movement of the heat source. The metal deposition is defined with constant welding speed. Goldak model was used to simulate the heat source in order to have a realistic heat flow distribution. Results were in concordance for thermal cycles at different points comparing with experimental results issued from bibliography in terms of: (1) Temperature maximum, (2) Thermal cycles and (3) Cooling gradient phase. This study enabled to check the numerical model and used as a predictive tool

The Basic Physical Principles of Ion, Electron, and X-Ray Detectors and Their Application to Microanalysis

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 154-157
Author(s):  
A.J. Tousimis
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
Depth Resolution ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrons And Ions ◽  
Spatial Depth ◽  
Minimum Surface Area ◽  
Physical Principles

An integral and of prime importance of any microtopography and microanalysis instrument system is its electron, x-ray and ion detector(s). The resolution and sensitivity of the electron microscope (TEM, SEM, STEM) and microanalyzers (SIMS and electron probe x-ray microanalyzers) are closely related to those of the sensing and recording devices incorporated with them.Table I lists characteristic sensitivities, minimum surface area and depth analyzed by various methods. Smaller ion, electron and x-ray beam diameters than those listed, are possible with currently available electromagnetic or electrostatic columns. Therefore, improvements in sensitivity and spatial/depth resolution of microanalysis will follow that of the detectors. In most of these methods, the sample surface is subjected to a stationary, line or raster scanning photon, electron or ion beam. The resultant radiation: photons (low energy) or high energy (x-rays), electrons and ions are detected and analyzed.

scholarly journals Geometry and Distortion Prediction of Multiple Layers for Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing with Artificial Neural Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4694
Author(s):  
Christian Wacker ◽  
Markus Köhler ◽  
Martin David ◽  
Franziska Aschersleben ◽  
Felix Gabriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Welding Distortion ◽  
Direct Energy Deposition ◽  
Direct Energy ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is a direct energy deposition (DED) process with high deposition rates, but deformation and distortion can occur due to the high energy input and resulting strains. Despite great efforts, the prediction of distortion and resulting geometry in additive manufacturing processes using WAAM remains challenging. In this work, an artificial neural network (ANN) is established to predict welding distortion and geometric accuracy for multilayer WAAM structures. For demonstration purposes, the ANN creation process is presented on a smaller scale for multilayer beads on plate welds on a thin substrate sheet. Multiple concepts for the creation of ANNs and the handling of outliers are developed, implemented, and compared. Good results have been achieved by applying an enhanced ANN using deformation and geometry from the previously deposited layer. With further adaptions to this method, a prediction of additive welded structures, geometries, and shapes in defined segments is conceivable, which would enable a multitude of applications for ANNs in the WAAM-Process, especially for applications closer to industrial use cases. It would be feasible to use them as preparatory measures for multi-segmented structures as well as an application during the welding process to continuously adapt parameters for a higher resulting component quality.

scholarly journals Blade Segment with a 3D Lattice of Diamond Grits Fabricated via an Additive Manufacturing Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
Yongjun Huang ◽  
Xiangxi Xu ◽  
Yibo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Filling Rate ◽  
Pressure System ◽  
Manufacturing Equipment ◽  
Diamond Blade

Abstract Diamond tools with orderly arrangements of diamond grits have drawn considerable attention in the machining field owing to their outstanding advantages of high sharpness and long service life. This diamond super tool, as well as the manufacturing equipment, has been unavailable to Chinese enterprises for a long time due to patents. In this paper, a diamond blade segment with a 3D lattice of diamond grits was additively manufactured using a new type of cold pressing equipment (AME100). The equipment, designed with a rotary working platform and 16 molding stations, can be used to additively manufacture segments with diamond grits arranged in an orderly fashion, layer by layer; under this additive manufacturing process, at least 216000 pcs of diamond green segments with five orderly arranged grit layers can be produced per month. The microstructure of the segment was observed via SEM and the diamond blade fabricated using these segments was compared to other commercial cutting tools. The experimental results showed that the 3D lattice of diamond grits was formed in the green segment. The filling rate of diamond grits in the lattice could be guaranteed to be above 95%; this is much higher than the 90% filling rate of the automatic array system (ARIX). When used to cut stone, the cutting amount of the blade with segments made by AME100 is two times that of ordinary tools, with the same diamond concentration. When used to dry cut reinforced concrete, its cutting speed is 10% faster than that of ARIX. Under wet cutting conditions, its service life is twice that of ARIX. By applying the machine vision online inspection system and a special needle jig with a negative pressure system, this study developed a piece of additive manufacturing equipment for efficiently fabricating blade segments with a 3D lattice of diamond grits.

“Cartography” in 7-Dimensions at CHESS: Mapping of Structure in Real Space, Reciprocal Space, and Time Using High-Energy X-rays

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
K. E. Nygren, ◽  
D. C. Pagan, ◽  
J. P. C. Ruff ◽  
E. Arenholz ◽  
J. D. Brock
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Reciprocal Space ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Space And Time

Fabrication of circular cooling channels by cold metal transfer based wire and arc additive manufacturing

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440542199561
Author(s):  
Shaohua Han ◽  
Zhongzhong Zhang ◽  
Pengxiang Ruan ◽  
Shiwen Cheng ◽  
Dingqi Xue
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cooling Effect ◽  
High Deposition Rate ◽  
Cooling Channel ◽  
Conformal Cooling Channel ◽  
Conformal Cooling ◽  
Energy Beam ◽  
Cooling Channels ◽  
Straight Line

Additive manufacturing has been proven to be a promising technology for fabricating high-performance dies, molds, and conformal cooling channels. As one of the manufacturing methods, wire and arc additive manufacturing displays unique advantages of low cost and high deposition rate that are better than other high energy beam-based ones. This paper presents a preliminary study of fabricating integrated cooling channels by CMT-based wire and arc additive manufacturing process. The deposition strategies for fabricating circular cross-sectional cooling channels both in conformal and straight-line patterns have been investigated. It included optimizing the welding torch angle, fabricating the enclosed semicircle structure and predicting the collision between the torch and constructed part. The cooling effect test was also conducted on both the conformal cooling channel and straight-line cooling channel. The results affirmed a higher cooling efficiency and better uniform cooling effect of the conformal cooling channel than straight-line cooling channel.

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