Future directions for millimeter wave systems

Author(s):  
Nick Fourikis
1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Goodfellow ◽  
Gregory P. Harmer ◽  
Derek Abbott

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Lun Tai ◽  
Derek Wu

<div>With higher frequencies and broader spectrum than conventional frequency bands, the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band is suitable for next-generation wireless networks featuring short-distance high-rate communications. As a newcomer, mmWaves are expected to have the backward compatibility with existing services and collaborate with other technologies in order to enhance system performances. Therefore, the coexistence issues become an essential topic for next-generation wireless communications. In this paper, we systematically review the coexistence issues of broadband mmWave communications and their corresponding solutions proposed in the literature, helping shed light on the insights of the mmWave design. Particularly, the works surveyed in this paper can be classified into four categories: coexistence with microwave communications, coexistence with fixed services, coexistence with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and other coexistence issues. Results of numerical evaluations inspired by the literature are presented for a deeper analysis. We also point out some challenges and future directions for each category as a roadmap to further investigate the coexistence issues of broadband mmWave communications.</div>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Lun Tai ◽  
Derek Wu

<div>With higher frequencies and broader spectrum than conventional frequency bands, the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band is suitable for next-generation wireless networks featuring short-distance high-rate communications. As a newcomer, mmWaves are expected to have the backward compatibility with existing services and collaborate with other technologies in order to enhance system performances. Therefore, the coexistence issues become an essential topic for next-generation wireless communications. In this paper, we systematically review the coexistence issues of broadband mmWave communications and their corresponding solutions proposed in the literature, helping shed light on the insights of the mmWave design. Particularly, the works surveyed in this paper can be classified into four categories: coexistence with microwave communications, coexistence with fixed services, coexistence with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and other coexistence issues. Results of numerical evaluations inspired by the literature are presented for a deeper analysis. We also point out some challenges and future directions for each category as a roadmap to further investigate the coexistence issues of broadband mmWave communications.</div>


Author(s):  
Benjamin F. Trump ◽  
Irene K. Berezesky ◽  
Raymond T. Jones

The role of electron microscopy and associated techniques is assured in diagnostic pathology. At the present time, most of the progress has been made on tissues examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and correlated with light microscopy (LM) and by cytochemistry using both plastic and paraffin-embedded materials. As mentioned elsewhere in this symposium, this has revolutionized many fields of pathology including diagnostic, anatomic and clinical pathology. It began with the kidney; however, it has now been extended to most other organ systems and to tumor diagnosis in general. The results of the past few years tend to indicate the future directions and needs of this expanding field. Now, in addition to routine EM, pathologists have access to the many newly developed methods and instruments mentioned below which should aid considerably not only in diagnostic pathology but in investigative pathology as well.


2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 877-894
Author(s):  
Nur Azyani Amri ◽  
Tian Kar Quar ◽  
Foong Yen Chong

Purpose This study examined the current pediatric amplification practice with an emphasis on hearing aid verification using probe microphone measurement (PMM), among audiologists in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Frequency of practice, access to PMM system, practiced protocols, barriers, and perception toward the benefits of PMM were identified through a survey. Method A questionnaire was distributed to and filled in by the audiologists who provided pediatric amplification service in Klang Valley, Malaysia. One hundred eight ( N = 108) audiologists, composed of 90.3% women and 9.7% men (age range: 23–48 years), participated in the survey. Results PMM was not a clinical routine practiced by a majority of the audiologists, despite its recognition as the best clinical practice that should be incorporated into protocols for fitting hearing aids in children. Variations in practice existed warranting further steps to improve the current practice for children with hearing impairment. The lack of access to PMM equipment was 1 major barrier for the audiologists to practice real-ear verification. Practitioners' characteristics such as time constraints, low confidence, and knowledge levels were also identified as barriers that impede the uptake of the evidence-based practice. Conclusions The implementation of PMM in clinical practice remains a challenge to the audiology profession. A knowledge-transfer approach that takes into consideration the barriers and involves effective collaboration or engagement between the knowledge providers and potential stakeholders is required to promote the clinical application of evidence-based best practice.


2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Zajac

Abstract The purpose of this opinion article is to review the impact of the principles and technology of speech science on clinical practice in the area of craniofacial disorders. Current practice relative to (a) speech aerodynamic assessment, (b) computer-assisted single-word speech intelligibility testing, and (c) behavioral management of hypernasal resonance are reviewed. Future directions and/or refinement of each area are also identified. It is suggested that both challenging and rewarding times are in store for clinical researchers in craniofacial disorders.


1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
H. C. Han ◽  
E. S. Mansueto
Keyword(s):  

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