Theoretical considerations for a dynamic calibration target for through-wall and through-rubble motion-sensing Doppler radar

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Harner ◽  
Matthew J. Brandsema ◽  
Ram M. Narayanan ◽  
John R. Jendzurski ◽  
Nicholas G. Paulter
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Radar ◽  
Dynamic Calibration ◽  
Motion Sensing ◽  
Calibration Target ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

scholarly journals Analysis of a Dynamic Calibration Target for Through-Wall and Through-Rubble Motion Sensing Doppler Radar

Instruments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Ram M. Narayanan ◽  
Michael J. Harner ◽  
John R. Jendzurski ◽  
Nicholas G. Paulter
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Radar ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Human Detection ◽  
Dynamic Calibration ◽  
Motion Sensing ◽  
Calibration Target ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Human Respiration ◽  
Field Deployment

Through-wall and through-barrier motion-sensing systems are becoming increasingly important tools to locate humans concealed behind barriers and under rubble. The sensing performance of these systems is best determined with appropriately designed calibration targets, which are ones that can emulate human motion. The effectiveness of various dynamic calibration targets that emulate human respiration, heart rate, and other body motions were analyzed. Moreover, these targets should be amenable to field deployment and not manifest angular or orientation dependences. The three targets examined in this thesis possess spherical polyhedral geometries. Spherical geometries were selected due to their isotropic radar cross-sectional characteristics, which provide for consistent radar returns independent of the orientation of the radar transceiver relative to the test target. The aspect-independence of a sphere allows for more accurate and repeatable calibration of a radar than using a nonspherical calibration artifact. In addition, the radar cross section (RCS) for scattering spheres is well known and can be calculated using far-field approximations. For Doppler radar testing, it is desired to apply these calibration advantages to a dynamically expanding-and-contracting sphere-like device that can emulate motions of the human body. Monostatic RCS simulations at 3.6 GHz were documented for each geometry. The results provide a visual way of representing the effectiveness of each design as a dynamic calibration target for human detection purposes.

Motion sensing of a wind turbine prototype using a bistatic FMCW Doppler radar sensor

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Moll ◽  
Rahmi Salman ◽  
Dimitry Pozdniakov ◽  
Andreas Nuber ◽  
Herbert Friedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Doppler Radar ◽  
Motion Sensing ◽  
Radar Sensor

The Biological Clock and Sleep in the Elderly

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Juda ◽  
Mirjam Münch ◽  
Anna Wirz-Justice ◽  
Martha Merrow ◽  
Till Roenneberg
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Biological Clock ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Sleep Difficulties ◽  
Circadian Biology

Abstract: Among many other changes, older age is characterized by advanced sleep-wake cycles, changes in the amplitude of various circadian rhythms, as well as reduced entrainment to zeitgebers. These features reveal themselves through early morning awakenings, sleep difficulties at night, and a re-emergence of daytime napping. This review summarizes the observations concerning the biological clock and sleep in the elderly and discusses the documented and theoretical considerations behind these age-related behavioral changes, especially with respect to circadian biology.

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