Investigating the relationship between subjective drug craving and temporal dynamics of the default mode network, executive control network, and salience network in methamphetamine dependents using rsfMRI

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayyeh Soltanian-Zadeh ◽  
Gholam-Ali Hossein-Zadeh ◽  
Alireza Shahbabaie ◽  
Hamed Ekhtiari
Keyword(s):  
Executive Control ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Salience Network ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Executive Control Network ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Drug Craving ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Large-Scale Neuronal Network Dysfunction in Diabetic Retinopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Xin Huang ◽  
Yan Tong ◽  
Chen-Xing Qi ◽  
Han-Dong Dan ◽  
Qin-Qin Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Cognitive Networks ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Executive Control Network ◽  
Default Mode

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients are at an increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia. There is accumulating evidence that specific functional and structural architecture changes in the brain are related to cognitive impairment in DR patients. However, little is known regarding whether the functional architecture of resting-state networks (RSNs) changes in DR patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the intranetwork functional connectivity (FC) and functional network connectivity (FNC) of RSN changes in DR patients using independent component analysis (ICA). Thirty-four DR patients (18 men and 16 women; mean age, 53.53±8.67 years) and 38 nondiabetic healthy controls (HCs) (15 men and 23 women; mean age, 48.63±11.83 years), closely matched for age, sex, and education, underwent resting-state magnetic resonance imaging scans. ICA was applied to extract the nine RSNs. Then, two-sample t-tests were conducted to investigate different intranetwork FCs within nine RSNs between the two groups. The FNC toolbox was used to assess interactions among RSNs. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between intranetwork FCs and clinical variables in the DR group. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was conducted to assess the ability of the intranetwork FCs of RSNs in discriminating between the two groups. Compared to the HC group, DR patients showed significant decreased intranetwork FCs within the basal ganglia network (BGN), visual network (VN), ventral default mode network (vDMN), right executive control network (rECN), salience network (SN), left executive control network (lECN), auditory network (AN), and dorsal default mode network (dDMN). In addition, FNC analysis showed increased VN-BGN, VN-vDMN, VN-dDMN, vDMN-lECN, SN-BGN, lECN-dDMN, and AN-BGN FNCs in the DR group, relative to the HC group. Furthermore, altered intranetwork FCs of RSNs were significantly correlated with the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level in DR patients. A ROC curve showed that these specific intranetwork FCs of RSNs discriminated between the two groups with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. Our study highlighted that DR patients had widespread deficits in both low-level perceptual and higher-order cognitive networks. Our results offer important insights into the neural mechanisms of visual loss and cognitive decline in DR patients.

scholarly journals Resting-state functional MRI shows altered default-mode network functional connectivity in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Doorenweerd ◽  
Mischa de Rover ◽  
Chiara Marini-Bettolo ◽  
Kieren G. Hollingsworth ◽  
Erik H. Niks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Executive Control Network ◽  
Visual Network

AbstractDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive neuromuscular disorder caused by absence of dystrophin protein. Dystrophin is expressed in muscle, but also in the brain. Difficulties with attention/inhibition, working memory and information processing are well described in DMD patients but their origin is poorly understood. The default mode network (DMN) is one of the networks involved in these processes. Therefore we aimed to assess DMN connectivity in DMD patients compared to matched controls, to better understand the cognitive profile in DMD. T1-weighted and resting state functional MRI scans were acquired from 33 DMD and 24 male age-matched controls at two clinical sites. Scans were analysed using FMRIB Software Library (FSL). Differences in the DMN were assessed using FSL RANDOMISE, with age as covariate and threshold-free cluster enhancement including multiple comparison correction. Post-hoc analyses were performed on the visual network, executive control network and fronto-parietal network with the same methods. In DMD patients, the level of connectivity was higher in areas within the control DMN (hyperconnectivity) and significant connectivity was found in areas outside the control DMN. No hypoconnectivity was found and no differences in the visual network, executive control network and fronto-parietal network. We showed differences both within and in areas outside the DMN in DMD. The specificity of our findings to the DMN can help provide a better understanding of the attention/inhibition, working memory and information processing difficulties in DMD.

scholarly journals Dysfunctional default mode network and executive control network in people with Internet gaming disorder: Independent component analysis under a probability discounting task

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Wang ◽  
L Wu ◽  
X Lin ◽  
Y Zhang ◽  
H Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Independent Component Analysis ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Internet Gaming Disorder ◽  
Probability Discounting ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Executive Control Network ◽  
Internet Gaming

AbstractBackgroundThe present study identified the neural mechanism of risky decision-making in Internet gaming disorder (IGD) under a probability discounting task.MethodsIndependent component analysis was used on the functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 19 IGD subjects (22.2 ± 3.08 years) and 21 healthy controls (HC, 22.8 ± 3.5 years).ResultsFor the behavioral results, IGD subjects prefer the risky to the fixed options and showed shorter reaction time compared to HC. For the imaging results, the IGD subjects showed higher task-related activity in default mode network (DMN) and less engagement in the executive control network (ECN) than HC when making the risky decisions. Also, we found the activities of DMN correlate negatively with the reaction time and the ECN correlate positively with the probability discounting rates.ConclusionsThe results suggest that people with IGD show altered modulation in DMN and deficit in executive control function, which might be the reason for why the IGD subjects continue to play online games despite the potential negative consequences.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document