scholarly journals The CB1 Neutral Antagonist Tetrahydrocannabivarin Reduces Default Mode Network and Increases Executive Control Network Resting State Functional Connectivity in Healthy Volunteers

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. pyv092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina Rzepa ◽  
Luke Tudge ◽  
Ciara McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Executive Control Network ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Neutral Antagonist

scholarly journals Mindfulness Meditation Training and Executive Control Network Resting State Functional Connectivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 674-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienne A. Taren ◽  
Peter J. Gianaros ◽  
Carol M. Greco ◽  
Emily K. Lindsay ◽  
April Fairgrieve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Executive Control Network

scholarly journals Resting-state functional connectivity in women with PMDD

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Petersen ◽  
Dara G. Ghahremani ◽  
Andrea J. Rapkin ◽  
Steven M. Berman ◽  
Noor Wijker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Permutation Testing ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Executive Control Network

Abstract Background Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is an understudied, debilitating disorder of women. Given evidence for prefrontal cortical and limbic dysfunction in PMDD, we compared intrinsic connectivity of the executive control network (ECN), default mode network (DMN), and amygdala in women with PMDD vs. controls. Methods Thirty-six women (18 PMDD, 18 control) participated in fMRI during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. At each time, resting-state functional connectivity was evaluated both before and after participants performed an emotion regulation task. The ECN was identified using independent components analysis, and connectivity of left and right amygdala seeds was also evaluated. Results Nonparametric permutation testing identified a cluster in the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) with significantly stronger connectivity to the left ECN in women with PMDD vs. controls in all four fMRI sessions. Women with PMDD exhibited no difference in functional connectivity between menstrual cycle phases. Amygdala connectivity did not differ between the groups but differed significantly with menstrual phase, with left amygdala connectivity to cingulate cortex being significantly stronger during the follicular vs. luteal phase. Right amygdala connectivity to the middle frontal gyrus was also stronger during the follicular vs. luteal phase, with no group differences. These findings suggest that women with PMDD have different intrinsic network dynamics in the left executive control network compared to healthy controls.

scholarly journals Large-Scale Neuronal Network Dysfunction in Diabetic Retinopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Xin Huang ◽  
Yan Tong ◽  
Chen-Xing Qi ◽  
Han-Dong Dan ◽  
Qin-Qin Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Cognitive Networks ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Executive Control Network ◽  
Default Mode

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients are at an increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia. There is accumulating evidence that specific functional and structural architecture changes in the brain are related to cognitive impairment in DR patients. However, little is known regarding whether the functional architecture of resting-state networks (RSNs) changes in DR patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the intranetwork functional connectivity (FC) and functional network connectivity (FNC) of RSN changes in DR patients using independent component analysis (ICA). Thirty-four DR patients (18 men and 16 women; mean age, 53.53±8.67 years) and 38 nondiabetic healthy controls (HCs) (15 men and 23 women; mean age, 48.63±11.83 years), closely matched for age, sex, and education, underwent resting-state magnetic resonance imaging scans. ICA was applied to extract the nine RSNs. Then, two-sample t-tests were conducted to investigate different intranetwork FCs within nine RSNs between the two groups. The FNC toolbox was used to assess interactions among RSNs. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between intranetwork FCs and clinical variables in the DR group. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was conducted to assess the ability of the intranetwork FCs of RSNs in discriminating between the two groups. Compared to the HC group, DR patients showed significant decreased intranetwork FCs within the basal ganglia network (BGN), visual network (VN), ventral default mode network (vDMN), right executive control network (rECN), salience network (SN), left executive control network (lECN), auditory network (AN), and dorsal default mode network (dDMN). In addition, FNC analysis showed increased VN-BGN, VN-vDMN, VN-dDMN, vDMN-lECN, SN-BGN, lECN-dDMN, and AN-BGN FNCs in the DR group, relative to the HC group. Furthermore, altered intranetwork FCs of RSNs were significantly correlated with the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level in DR patients. A ROC curve showed that these specific intranetwork FCs of RSNs discriminated between the two groups with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. Our study highlighted that DR patients had widespread deficits in both low-level perceptual and higher-order cognitive networks. Our results offer important insights into the neural mechanisms of visual loss and cognitive decline in DR patients.

Mediating Role of The Default Mode Network On Parental Acceptance/Warmth and Psychopathology in Youth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaley Davis ◽  
Emily Hirsch ◽  
Dylan Gee ◽  
Margaret Andover ◽  
Amy Krain Roy
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Positive Parenting ◽  
Parental Acceptance ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Default Mode

Abstract Humans are reliant on their caregivers for an extended period of time, offering numerous opportunities for environmental factors, such as parental attitudes and behaviors, to impact brain development. The default mode network is a neural system encompassing the medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, and temporo-parietal junction, which is implicated in aspects of cognition and psychopathology. Delayed default mode network maturation in children and adolescents has been associated with greater general dimensional psychopathology, and positive parenting behaviors have been suggested to serve as protective mechanisms against atypical default mode network development. The current study aimed to extend the existing research by examining whether within- default mode network resting-state functional connectivity would mediate the relation between parental acceptance/warmth and youth psychopathology. Data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study, which included a community sample of 9,058 children ages 9-10.9 years, were analyzed to test this prediction. Results from the analysis demonstrated a significant mediation, where greater parental acceptance/warmth predicted greater within- default mode network resting-state functional connectivity, which in turn predicted lower psychopathology. Our study provides preliminary support for the notion that positive parenting traits may reduce the risk for psychopathology in youth through their influence on the default mode network. Due to the cross-sectional nature of this study, we can only draw correlational inference; therefore, these relationships should be tested longitudinally in future investigations.

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