Development of a safe ultraviolet camera system to enhance awareness by showing effects of UV radiation and UV protection of the skin (Conference Presentation)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf M. Verdaasdonk ◽  
Rosaline Wedzinga ◽  
Bibi van Montfrans ◽  
Mirte Stok ◽  
John H. Klaessens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Uv Protection ◽  
Camera System

Synthesis of MnO2 nanoparticles and their effective utilization as UV protectors for outdoor high voltage polymeric insulators used in power transmission lines

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (48) ◽  
pp. 32876-32890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipankar Ghosh ◽  
Subhendu Bhandari ◽  
Dipak Khastgir
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Uv Protection ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Mno2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Polymeric Insulators ◽  
Outdoor Insulators

The mechanism of the UV protection of polymers by MnO2 where UV radiation is absorbed by MnO2 particles present in the PDMS/EVA–MnO2 composite used in high voltage outdoor insulators for power transmission lines.

scholarly journals Direct Application of Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Leaves Extract on Cotton Fabric: A Potential to Prevent UV Induced Skin Problems

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepti Pargai ◽  
Shahnaz Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Direct Application ◽  
Uv Protection ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Environmental Friendly

UV radiation causes various skin problems starting from reddening of skin to the change in the shape of DNA which further leads to the skin cancer. Considering harmful effect of UV radiation present study was designed to develop an environmental friendly UV protective finish for cotton fabric using Vitis vinifera leaves. Process parameters of the study were optimized using response surface methodology for getting maximum UV protection while maintaining other physical properties of the fabric. It was found that 9.038 % concentration of extract with 60 minutes of exhaustion time at 40.909oC exhaustion temperature were selected as optimum conditions for application of Vitis vinifera extract on cotton fabric. It can be concluded that application of Vitis vinifera extract on cotton fabric incorporates UV protection properties on cotton fabric which can be helpful to prevent various UV induced skin problems.

scholarly journals DESIGN OF TEXTILE UV-SHIELDS BY VAT DYES MODIFICATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
Viktoriia VLASENKO ◽  
Svitlana ARABULI ◽  
Valentyna KUCHERENKO ◽  
Arsenii ARABULI ◽  
Petro SMERTENKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Uv Protection ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Vat Dyes ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Pressure Discharge ◽  
Uv Absorbers ◽  
Woven Structures

The problem of human being protecting against UV radiation is becoming more and more significant from year to year and requires urgent solutions. Just UVB causes 50-90% of skin cancer and especially affects children, adolescents and older people. Textile screens are the simplest and most effective means to protect against the negative effects of UV radiation (UVR). Usually, white cotton and linen fabrics are used for summer clothes. However, these materials have a low ultraviolet protective factor (UPF ~ 5). Known developments that relate to the modification of textile materials to protect against UV radiation, suggest the use of dense woven structures; modification with some metals oxides; the use of UV absorbers that are derivats of harmful chemicals (for example, o-hydroxybenzophenones). But these methods do not always provide the sufficiently level of UV protection. In our paper, the effectiveness of vat dyes using to create textile screens for UV protection was investigated. In this study was investigated cotton fabrics dyed with some vat dyes: turquoise, blue, yellow. UVR transmittance studies were performed on optical spectrometer Solar SL40-2 (PSI-Line software). A high pressure discharge lamp DRT-125 was used. As studies have shown, the most effective is a cotton textile screen, dyed with vat blue.

scholarly journals Investigation into the UV-Protection of Woven Fabrics Composed of Metallic Weft Yarns

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ghane ◽  
Ehsan Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Measuring Method ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Uv Protection ◽  
Uv Absorbency

Abstract The destructive effects of sun UV radiation on human skins are now very clear to everyone. Most of the present studies were focused on the fabrics’ structural parameters such as density, warp and weft yarns finenesses, fabric pattern and printing or finishing treatments applied to the fabrics. The aim of this work is achieving a technique through which the produced fabrics possess a higher UV-protection ability. For this purpose, two different metals including aluminium and copper yarns were employed in fabrics production process and their effects on UV-protection ability of the produced fabrics were investigated. Six different fabric samples comprised of either cotton/polyester, nylon yarns as the warp yarns as well as either aluminium or copper yarns as the weft yarns were produced. Using the spectrophotometer technique, which is known as one of the UPF measuring method, the absorbency and reflectivity of fabrics within the specified range of electromagnetic waves (specially the UV radiation) were determined. The results illustrated that the higher UV absorbency was related to the fabric possessing the copper yarns in their structures. It was concluded that the absorption ability of nylon fabrics is higher than that of the cotton/polyester samples.

UV Protection of Bacteria Under Simulated Martian Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Godin ◽  
Andrew Schuerger ◽  
Casey Moore ◽  
John Moores
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Uv Protection ◽  
Genus Bacillus ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Planetary Protection ◽  
Microbial Life ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Acidic Environments ◽  
Martian Regolith

<p>Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on the surface of Mars is an important factor affecting the survivability of microorganisms on Mars. The possibility of Martian brines made from Fe<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, MnSO<sub>4</sub>, and MgSO<sub>4</sub> salts providing a habitable niche on Mars via attenuation of UV radiation was investigated on the bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis. Results demonstrated that it is possible for brines containing Fe<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3 </sub>on Mars to provide protection from harmful UV radiation, even at concentrations as low as 0.5%. Brines made from MnSO<sub>4</sub> and MgSO<sub>4</sub>, did not provide significant UV protection and most spores/cells died over the course of short-term experiments.</p> <p>However, Fe<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3 </sub>brines are strongly acidic, and thus, were lethal to E. faecalis. In contrast, B. subtilis, as a spore-forming bacterium resistant to pH extremes, was unaffected by the acidic conditions of the brines and did not experience any significant lethal effects. Any extant microbial life in Martian Fe<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3 </sub>brines (if present) would need to be capable of surviving acidic environments, if these brines are to be considered a possible habitable niche.</p> <p>The results from this work are important to both the search for life on planets with an atmosphere unable to significantly attenuate UV radiation (i.e., like Mars); and for planetary protection, since it is possible that terrestrial bacteria in the genus Bacillus are likely to survive in Fe-sulfate brines on Mars.</p> <p>Furthermore, preliminary work on UV and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) light transmission and scattering through simulated Martian regolith and rock samples are also presented. Regoliths that block UV but allow for PAR would be likely candidates for supporting bacterial life.</p>

Sunscreens: Past, Present, and Future

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. S14-S21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Provost ◽  
Ian Landells ◽  
Stuart Maddin
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
General Population ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Uv Protection ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sunscreen Use ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Fair Skin ◽  
Better Than

Sunscreens form an important modality for cutaneous photoprotection. Sunscreen formulations incorporate many features that provide protection from ultraviolet (UV)-induced carcinogenesis, immunosuppression, and accelerated photoaging. Since the 1920s, when the link between skin cancer and UV radiation was first observed, sunscreen use has become part of our daily routine. Chemical and physical modifications are continuously made to formulations so that they may be more appealing to the general population, especially to those with fair skin. The demand for a formula that is effective in its UV protection while at the same time is adoptable in its application and exposure characteristics is an important consideration in the development of sunscreens. Because of continued development, technological advances, and substantive gains in knowledge on UV-induced photodamage, at present, we are able to produce effective formulations, and although these formulations do not provide total spectrum protection, they are considerably better than sunscreens of the past.

scholarly journals ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ЕКРАНУЮЧИХ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ ТЕКСТИЛЬНИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ ЩОДО ДІЇ УЛЬТРАФІОЛЕТОВОГО ВИПРОМІНЮВАННЯ

2021 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
С. І. Арабулі ◽  
А. Т. Арабулі ◽  
В. С. Труба ◽  
Д. Р. Левицька
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Uv Protection ◽  
Aesthetic Perception ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Shielding Properties

Study the possibility of using textile materials for shielding against the negative effects of ultraviolet radiation. Methodology. Theoretical and experimental researchs are based on the basic principles of textile materials science. The UV shielding ability of textiles was assessed by the UV protection factor (UPF). The UV  protection  factor  was  evaluated  on  a  UV-Vis  spectrophotometer  (Cary  50,  Varian,  Australia)  in accordance with AS / NZ 4399: 1996 in the wavelength range 280-400 nm. According to AS / NZ 4399: 1996, textiles are classified according to the value of the UV protection factor (UPF) as those that provide "excellent UV protection", "very good UV protection", "good UV protection", "does not protect against UV radiation." Results. The main sources of UV radiation are analyzed and the features of the conditions of human exposure when working indoors and outside are considered. It has been established that the degree of human exposure depends on the intensity of UV radiation, and can be reduced by using protective equipment. Flexible textile screens can be one of the effective means of protection against UV radiation. The advantages of textile screens are the possibility of their modification and the ability to create shielding products of various shapes. The level of protective properties of textile screens depends on many factors, namely: the chemical nature of the polymer of textile materials, structural characteristics, modification by certain substances, color, moisture, etc. The results of the study of the coefficient of protection against ultraviolet radiation of textile materials, depending on their color are presented. Scientific novelty. It is proved that the optical properties are not only important for the evaluation of appearance of the textile and garment aesthetic perception, they can control the shielding properties of the textile  to  the  action  of  UV  radiation.  It  was  found  that  dark  saturated  colors  of  textile  fabrics,  all  other conditions being equal, provide shielding properties at the level of "very good protection" compared to light unsaturated colors (the UPF level varies from 10 to 35 with increasing color saturation). Practical value. The possibility of using textile materials for UV protection has been confirmed.

Neutrophil Myeloperoxidase Destruction by Ultraviolet Irradiation

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 138-139
Author(s):  
J. Hanker ◽  
B. Giammara ◽  
G. Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Psoriasis Patient ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Cupric Nitrate ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Routine Handling ◽  
Uvb Phototherapy

Only a fraction of the UV radiation emitted by the sun reaches the earth; most of the UVB (290-320nm) is eliminated by stratospheric ozone. There is increasing concern, however, that man-made chemicals are damaging this ozone layer. Although the effects of UV on DNA or as a carcinogen are widely known, preleukemia and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have only rarely been reported in psoriasis patients treated with 8-methoxypsoralen and UV (PUVA). It was therefore of interest to study the effects of UV on the myeloperoxidase (MP) activity of human neutrophils. The peroxidase activity of enriched leukocyte preparations on coverslips was shown cytochemically with a diaminobenzidine medium and cupric nitrate intensification.Control samples (Figs. 1,4,5) of human bloods that were not specifically exposed to UV radiation or light except during routine handling were compared with samples which had been exposed in one of several different ways. One preparation (Fig. 2) was from a psoriasis patient who had received whole-body UVB phototherapy repeatedly.

Precise on-line Measurement of Lattice Vectors

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 530-531
Author(s):  
W.J. de Ruijter ◽  
Sharma Renu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Statistical Parameter ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Geometric Distortion ◽  
Crystal Silicon ◽  
Camera System ◽  
On Line

Established methods for measurement of lattice spacings and angles of crystalline materials include x-ray diffraction, microdiffraction and HREM imaging. Structural information from HREM images is normally obtained off-line with the traveling table microscope or by the optical diffractogram technique. We present a new method for precise measurement of lattice vectors from HREM images using an on-line computer connected to the electron microscope. It has already been established that an image of crystalline material can be represented by a finite number of sinusoids. The amplitude and the phase of these sinusoids are affected by the microscope transfer characteristics, which are strongly influenced by the settings of defocus, astigmatism and beam alignment. However, the frequency of each sinusoid is solely a function of overall magnification and periodicities present in the specimen. After proper calibration of the overall magnification, lattice vectors can be measured unambiguously from HREM images.Measurement of lattice vectors is a statistical parameter estimation problem which is similar to amplitude, phase and frequency estimation of sinusoids in 1-dimensional signals as encountered, for example, in radar, sonar and telecommunications. It is important to properly model the observations, the systematic errors and the non-systematic errors. The observations are modelled as a sum of (2-dimensional) sinusoids. In the present study the components of the frequency vector of the sinusoids are the only parameters of interest. Non-systematic errors in recorded electron images are described as white Gaussian noise. The most important systematic error is geometric distortion. Lattice vectors are measured using a two step procedure. First a coarse search is obtained using a Fast Fourier Transform on an image section of interest. Prior to Fourier transformation the image section is multiplied with a window, which gradually falls off to zero at the edges. The user indicates interactively the periodicities of interest by selecting spots in the digital diffractogram. A fine search for each selected frequency is implemented using a bilinear interpolation, which is dependent on the window function. It is possible to refine the estimation even further using a non-linear least squares estimation. The first two steps provide the proper starting values for the numerical minimization (e.g. Gauss-Newton). This third step increases the precision with 30% to the highest theoretically attainable (Cramer and Rao Lower Bound). In the present studies we use a Gatan 622 TV camera attached to the JEM 4000EX electron microscope. Image analysis is implemented on a Micro VAX II computer equipped with a powerful array processor and real time image processing hardware. The typical precision, as defined by the standard deviation of the distribution of measurement errors, is found to be <0.003Å measured on single crystal silicon and <0.02Å measured on small (10-30Å) specimen areas. These values are ×10 times larger than predicted by theory. Furthermore, the measured precision is observed to be independent on signal-to-noise ratio (determined by the number of averaged TV frames). Obviously, the precision is restricted by geometric distortion mainly caused by the TV camera. For this reason, we are replacing the Gatan 622 TV camera with a modern high-grade CCD-based camera system. Such a system not only has negligible geometric distortion, but also high dynamic range (>10,000) and high resolution (1024x1024 pixels). The geometric distortion of the projector lenses can be measured, and corrected through re-sampling of the digitized image.

Human Factors Evaluation of 360 Panoramic View Camera System for Ground Vehicle

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Li Wei ◽  
Ang Cher Wee ◽  
Chan Wai Herng ◽  
Ying Meng Fai
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Panoramic View ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Ground Vehicle
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