In vivo light fluence correction for determination of tissue absorption coefficient using Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic M. Brochu ◽  
James Joseph ◽  
Michal R. Tomaszewski ◽  
Sarah E. Bohndiek
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Optoacoustic Tomography ◽  
Light Fluence

A Molecular Approach to Immunoscintigraphy: A Study of the T-Antigen Conformation on the Surface of Tumors

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Selvaraj ◽  
M. R. Suresh ◽  
G. McLean ◽  
D. Willans ◽  
C. Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
T Antigen ◽  
Human Carcinomas ◽  
Animal Tumor ◽  
Synthetic Antigens

The role of glycoconjugates in tumor cell differentiation has been well documented. We have examined the expression of the two anomers of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen on the surface of human, canine and murine tumor cell membranes both in vitro and in vivo. This has been accomplished through the synthesis of the disaccharide terminal residues in both a and ß configuration. Both entities were used to generate murine monoclonal antibodies which recognized the carbohydrate determinants. The determination of fine specificities of these antibodies was effected by means of cellular uptake, immunohistopathology and immunoscintigraphy. Examination of pathological specimens of human and canine tumor tissue indicated that the expressed antigen was in the β configuration. More than 89% of all human carcinomas tested expressed the antigen in the above anomeric form. The combination of synthetic antigens and monoclonal antibodies raised specifically against them provide us with invaluable tools for the study of tumor marker expression in humans and their respective animal tumor models.

Storage of Human Blood Platelets

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 (02/03) ◽  
pp. 405-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R Hardeman ◽  
Carina J L. Heynens
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Serotonin Uptake ◽  
Hypotonic Shock ◽  
Glycolytic Intermediates

SummaryStorage experiments were performed at 4°, 25° and 37° C with platelet-rich plasma under sterile conditions. In some experiments also the effect of storing platelets at 4° C in whole blood was investigated.Before, during and after three days of storage, the platelets were tested at 37° C for their serotonin uptake and response to hypotonic shock. In addition some glycolytic intermediates were determined.A fair correlation was noticed between the serotonin uptake and hypotonic shock experiments. Both parameters were best maintained at 25° C. Also platelet counting, performed after the storage period, indicated 25° C as the best storage temperature. Determination of glycolytic intermediates did not justify any conclusion regarding the optimal storage temperature. Of the various anticoagulants studied, ACD and heparin gave the best results as to the serotonin uptake and hypotonic shock response, either with fresh or stored platelets. The use of EDTA resulted in the lowest activity, especially after storage.The results of these storage experiments in vitro, correspond well with those in vivo reported in the literature.

Development and Pharmacokinetics Study of Antifungal Peptide Nanoliposomes by Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-318
Author(s):  
Shuoye Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Property ◽  
Antifungal Peptide ◽  
Simple Liquid ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Pegylated Lipids

Background: The therapeutic ability and application of antifungal peptide (APs) are limited by their physico-chemical and biological properties, the nano-liposomal encapsulation would improve the in vivo circulation and stability. </P><P> Objective: To develop a long-circulating liposomal delivery systems encapsulated APs-CGA-N12 with PEGylated lipids and cholesterol, and investigated through in vivo pharmacokinetics. Methods: The liposomes were prepared and characterized, a rapid and simple liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay was developed for the determination of antifungal peptide in vivo, the pharmacokinetic characteristics of APs liposomes were evaluated in rats. Results: Liposomes had a large, unilamellar structure, particle size and Zeta potential ranged from 160 to 185 nm and -0.55 to 1.1 mV, respectively. The results indicated that the plasma concentration of peptides in reference solutions rapidly declined after intravenous administration, whereas the liposomeencapsulated ones showed slower elimination. The AUC(0-∞) was increased by 3.0-fold in liposomes in comparison with standard solution (20 mg·kg-1), the half-life (T1/2) was 1.6- and 1.5-fold higher compared to the reference groups of 20 and 40 mg·kg-1, respectively. Conclusion: Therefore, it could be concluded that liposomal encapsulation effectively improved the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic property of antifungal peptides.

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