Real-time laser cladding control with variable spot size

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Arias ◽  
M. A. Montealegre ◽  
F. Vidal ◽  
J. Rodríguez ◽  
S. Mann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Spot Size

Design of an adjustable spot size laser cladding optical system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiabao Zhang ◽  
Hua Fan ◽  
Xianghe Ren ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Zixin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Optical System ◽  
Spot Size

A feedforward controller for tuning laser cladding melt pool geometry in real time

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 821-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Moralejo ◽  
X. Penaranda ◽  
S. Nieto ◽  
A. Barrios ◽  
I. Arrizubieta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Melt Pool ◽  
Feedforward Controller

scholarly journals Co-axial spectroscopic snap-shot ellipsometry for real-time thickness measurements with a small spot size

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (18) ◽  
pp. 25879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Woo Lee ◽  
Sin Yong Lee ◽  
Garam Choi ◽  
Heui Jae Pahk
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Small Spot ◽  
Thickness Measurements

Investigation of the Transient Characteristics for Laser Cladding Beads Using 420 Stainless Steel Powder

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Saqib ◽  
R. J. Urbanic
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Process Planning ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Steel Powder ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Bead Geometry ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Transient Conditions ◽  
Simulation Tools

To understand the different aspects of the laser cladding (LC) process, process models can be of aid. Presently, the correct parameter settings for different manufacturing processes, such as machining and casting, are based on simulation tools that can evaluate the influence of the process parameters for different conditions. However, there are no comprehensive, focused simulation process planning tools available for the LC process. In the past, most of the research has focused on the experimentally based optimization strategies for a process configuration, typically for a single track bead in steady-state conditions. However, an understanding of realistic transient conditions needs to be explored for effective process planning simulation tools and build strategies to be developed. A set of cladding experiments have been performed for single and multiple bead scenarios, and the effects of the transient conditions on the bead geometry for these scenarios have been investigated. It is found that the lead-in and lead-out conditions differ, corner geometry influences the bead height, and when changing the input power levels, the geometry values oscillate differently than the input pulses. Changes in the bead geometry are inherent when depositing material; consequently, real-time adjustments for the process setting are essential. The dynamic, time varying heating and solidification, for multiple layer scenarios, leads to challenging process planning and real-time control strategies.

scholarly journals Real-Time Monitoring of Chemical Composition in Nickel-Based Laser Cladding Layer by Emission Spectroscopy Analysis

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyu Wang ◽  
Changsheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Saturated Vapor ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Composition Distribution ◽  
Laser Cladding Process ◽  
Cladding Layers

The composition distribution can influence the performances of laser cladding layers. Hence, the technology of rthe eal-time monitoring of chemical composition is required to apply on laser cladding process. In this experiment, four kinds of Ni-based alloy powders were used to prepare laser cladding layers on AISI (American Iron and Steel Institute) 4140 steel. At the same time, emission spectra were collected during real-time laser cladding process. The intensity of spectral lines were revised with a corrected number deduced with evaporation rate of elements. By correlating the weight ratios of elements with the intensity ratios of spectral lines, four calibration curves were established to monitor composition distribution. The main results are shown as following: Weight ratios among elements in the laser cladding layers changed versus input energy density due to different saturated vapor pressures among elements; the dilution amount of substrate showed weak relations under the different manufacturing parameters, and the main reason for this can be attributed to the change of thermo–physical properties among different Ni-based alloy powders; the predicted results showed that when the composition concentration was higher than 3 wt.%, the relative error was lower than 8%, compared with EDS (Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) testing data.

scholarly journals Properties of Curved Parts Laser Cladding Based on Controlling Spot Size

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibo Huang ◽  
Wenlei Sun ◽  
Yong Huang ◽  
Jiangtong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Coating Thickness ◽  
Flaw Detection ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Laser Spot ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Laser Head ◽  
Spline Surface ◽  
Curvature Sphere

In this study, a method based on controlling the laser spot size was proposed in the process of curved parts laser cladding, and the coatings obtained by this method were analysed through investigation of the microstructure, microhardness, adhesion property and wear resistance properties. The nonuniform rational B-spline surface (NURBS) reconstruction method was used to obtain the workpiece geometrical characteristics of laser cladding, and through the establishment of a mathematical model, the process of the laser beam working on the curved surface was simplified as the intersection of the cylinder and curvature sphere. Then, the spot size was transformed into the area of a cylinder intersecting with a sphere, and by adjusting the laser head, the size of the laser spot was controlled in the threshold and interpolation points were obtained. The laser cladding trajectory was ensured by these interpolation points, and the experiment was carried out to study the properties of the coating. The results showed that the average coating thickness was about 1.07 mm, and the fluctuation of coating thickness did not exceed 0.05 mm; also, there were no cracks or pores in the layer after penetrant flaw detection. The SEM showed that the grains passed through the transition of plane crystal, cellular crystal, dendrite and equiaxed crystal from the bottom to the top of the layer. After 30 cycles of thermal shock tests, the cladding layer was still well bonded with the substrate and the microhardness and wear resistance were 2 times and 1.4 times higher than that of substrate, respectively.

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