scholarly journals Real-Time Monitoring of Chemical Composition in Nickel-Based Laser Cladding Layer by Emission Spectroscopy Analysis

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyu Wang ◽  
Changsheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Saturated Vapor ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Composition Distribution ◽  
Laser Cladding Process ◽  
Cladding Layers

The composition distribution can influence the performances of laser cladding layers. Hence, the technology of rthe eal-time monitoring of chemical composition is required to apply on laser cladding process. In this experiment, four kinds of Ni-based alloy powders were used to prepare laser cladding layers on AISI (American Iron and Steel Institute) 4140 steel. At the same time, emission spectra were collected during real-time laser cladding process. The intensity of spectral lines were revised with a corrected number deduced with evaporation rate of elements. By correlating the weight ratios of elements with the intensity ratios of spectral lines, four calibration curves were established to monitor composition distribution. The main results are shown as following: Weight ratios among elements in the laser cladding layers changed versus input energy density due to different saturated vapor pressures among elements; the dilution amount of substrate showed weak relations under the different manufacturing parameters, and the main reason for this can be attributed to the change of thermo–physical properties among different Ni-based alloy powders; the predicted results showed that when the composition concentration was higher than 3 wt.%, the relative error was lower than 8%, compared with EDS (Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) testing data.

Numerical Simulation of Feeding Powder Laser Cladding Temperature Field Based on ANSYS

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 3334-3337
Author(s):  
Cheng Fa Song ◽  
Ming Di Wang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Conduction Model ◽  
Beam Position ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Laser Cladding Process ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Cladding Layers

The numerical simulation method of LCRM Using Coaxial Inside-Beam Powder Feeding is put forward in this page. LCRM conduction model is established, the life and death unit to be used to simulate the real laser cladding process. Calculation results show that the molten pool temperature will gradually increase with the number of cladding layers increase; the highest temperature at the point of application of the laser beam position later; in the cladding process, cooling rate is great in high temperature period, and in low temperature section, cooling rate relatively slight.

Influence of Preheating Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Laser Cladding Layer

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jibin Jiang ◽  
Guofu Lian ◽  
Mingsan Xu ◽  
Chunyu Li ◽  
Bingsan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Cladding Layer ◽  
Laser Cladding Process ◽  
Preheating Temperature ◽  
Substrate Preheating ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Cladding Layers

Physical and chemical changes always occur in the process of laser cladding, and the cladding quality is directly affected by processing parameters. This paper mainly focused on effects of temperature field of preheating substrate on the cladding quality. Laser cladding process has the following experimental parameters: laser power, powder feeding rate and rotational speed. Three types of cladding powders were used: Ni60A, Cr12MoV and WC-Co. Experiments were conducted by using different substrate preheating temperatures and cladding materials, which affect the quality of cladding layers. Comparison and analysis of the three types of powders showed that under different preheating temperatures, the cladding layer is mainly affected by tensile stress. Besides that, the residual stress of cladding layer is always higher than that of heat affected zone and substrates. The best preheating temperature to test the residual stress for three types of powders are: 600°C, 400°C and 300°C. For all three types of powders under different preheating temperatures, cladding layer and substrate have compact and uniform structures. However, when substrate is overheated the cracking will occur in the substrate. Under different preheating temperatures, the Vickers hardness is higher than that of heat affected zone and the substrate for all three materials. The preheating temperatures for getting the maximum hardness are respectively 300°C, 600°C and 400°C.

Scanning electron microscopy of plant cells using a variable-pressure SEM and cryogenic techniques

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 260-261
Author(s):  
M. Yamada ◽  
K. Ueda ◽  
K. Kuboki ◽  
H. Matsushima ◽  
S. Joens
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Saturated Vapor ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Variable Pressure ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Low Temperature Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron

Use of variable Pressure SEMs is spreading among electron microscopists The variable Pressure SEM does not necessarily require specimen Preparation such as fixation, dehydration, coating, etc which have been required for conventional scanning electron microscopy. The variable Pressure SEM allows operating Pressure of 1˜270 Pa in specimen chamber It does not allow microscopy of water-containing specimens under a saturated vapor Pressure of water. Therefore, it may cause shrink or deformation of water-containing soft specimens such as plant cells due to evaporation of water. A solution to this Problem is to lower the specimen temperature and maintain saturated vapor Pressures of water at low as shown in Fig. 1 On this technique, there is a Published report of experiment to have sufficient signal to noise ratio for scondary electron imaging at a relatively long working distance using an environmental SEM. We report here a new low temperature microscopy of soft Plant cells using a variable Pressure SEM (Hitachi S-225ON).

INCONEL® 625 WIRE LASER CLADDING: PROCESS PARAMETRIZATION TO PRODUCE HIGH QUALITY COATINGS FOR METALWORKING INDUSTRY

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Kettermann Fernandes ◽  
Alexander Lauffs ◽  
Adriano de Souza Pinto Pereira ◽  
Jhonattan Gutjahr ◽  
Milton Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Cladding ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Metalworking Industry ◽  
Laser Cladding Process

Research Status of Subsequent Machining of Laser Cladding Layers

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Li ◽  
Yujun Cai ◽  
Guohe Li ◽  
Meng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Wear Surface ◽  
Chip Formation ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Cladding Layer ◽  
Cladding Layers

Background: As an important method of remanufacturing, laser cladding can be used to obtain the parts with specific shapes by stacking materials layer by layer. The formation mechanism of laser cladding determines the “Staircase effect”, which makes the surface quality can hardly meet the dimensional accuracy of the parts. Therefore, the subsequent machining must be performed to improve the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of cladding parts. Methods: In this paper, chip formation, cutting force, cutting temperature, tool wear, surface quality, and optimization of cutting parameters in the subsequent cutting of laser cladding layer are analyzed. Scholars have expounded and studied these five aspects but the cutting mechanism of laser cladding need further research. Results: The characteristics of cladding layer are similar to that of difficult to machine materials, and the change of parameters has a significant impact on the cutting performance. Conclusion: The research status of subsequent machining of cladding layers is summarized, mainly from the aspects of chip formation, cutting force, cutting temperature, tool wear, surface quality, and cutting parameters optimization. Besides, the existing problems and further developments of subsequent machining of cladding layers are pointed out. The efforts are helpful to promote the development and application of laser cladding remanufacturing technology.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Structure, Mechanical Properties and Erosive Resistance of the Laser Cladded Inconel 625-Based Coatings Reinforced by TiC Particles

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2225
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kotarska ◽  
Tomasz Poloczek ◽  
Damian Janicki
Keyword(s):  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Inconel 625 ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Laser Cladding Process ◽  
Composition Variation ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Reinforcing Material ◽  
Inconel 625 Superalloy

The article presents research in the field of laser cladding of metal-matrix composite (MMC) coatings. Nickel-based superalloys show attractive properties including high tensile strength, fatigue resistance, high-temperature corrosion resistance and toughness, which makes them widely used in the industry. Due to the insufficient wear resistance of nickel-based superalloys, many scientists are investigating the possibility of producing nickel-based superalloys matrix composites. For this study, the powder mixtures of Inconel 625 superalloy with 10, 20 and 40 vol.% of TiC particles were used to produce MMC coatings by laser cladding. The titanium carbides were chosen as reinforcing material due to high thermal stability and hardness. The multi-run coatings were tested using penetrant testing, macroscopic and microscopic observations, microhardness measurements and solid particle erosive test according to ASTM G76-04 standard. The TiC particles partially dissolved in the structure during the laser cladding process, which resulted in titanium and carbon enrichment of the matrix and the occurrence of precipitates formation in the structure. The process parameters and coatings chemical composition variation had an influence on coatings average hardness and erosion rates.

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