Bottom-up/top-down high resolution, high throughput lithography using vertically assembled block bottle brush polymers

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Trefonas ◽  
James W. Thackeray ◽  
Guorong Sun ◽  
Sangho Cho ◽  
Corrie Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Bottle Brush ◽  
Brush Polymers

Bottom-up/top-down, high-resolution, high-throughput lithography using vertically assembled block bottle brush polymers

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 043006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Trefonas ◽  
James W. Thackeray ◽  
Guorong Sun ◽  
Sangho Cho ◽  
Corrie Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Bottle Brush ◽  
Brush Polymers

scholarly journals De Novo Sequencing of Peptides from High-Resolution Bottom-Up Tandem Mass Spectra using Top-Down Intended Methods

PROTEOMICS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 1600321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kira Vyatkina ◽  
Lennard J. M. Dekker ◽  
Si Wu ◽  
Martijn M. VanDuijn ◽  
Xiaowen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
De Novo ◽  
De Novo Sequencing ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectra

The consortium GLADSOILMAP

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Arrouays ◽  
Zamir Libohova ◽  
Budiman Minansny ◽  
Vera Leatitia Mulder ◽  
Laura Poggio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Property ◽  
Environmental Modeling ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Ancillary Data ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
The World

<p>Soils have critical relevance to global issues, such as food and water security, climate regulation, sustainable energy, desertification and biodiversity protection. All these examples require accurate national soil property information and there is a need to scientific support to develop reliable baseline soil information and pathways for measuring and monitoring soils. Soil sustainable management is a global issue, but effective actions require high-resolution data about soil properties. Two projects, GlobalSoilMap and SoilGrids, aim at delivering the first generation of high-resolution soil property grids for the globe, the first one by a bottom-up approach (from country to globe), the latter by top-down (global). The GLobAl Digital SOIL MAP (GLADSOILMAP) consortium brings together world scientific leaders involved in both projects. The consortium aims at developing and transferring methods to improve the prediction accuracy of soil properties and their associated uncertainty, by using legacy soil data and ancillary spatial information. This approach brings together new technologies and methods, existing soil databases and expert knowledge. The consortium aims at transferring methods to achieve convergence between top-down and bottom-up approaches, and to generate methods for delivering maps of soil properties. These maps are essential for communities from climate and environmental modeling to decision making and sustainable resources management at a scale that is relevant to soil management. The consortium will ensure links with the numerous actors in geosciences of the world, and will contribute to improving their skills in digital mapping and their national and international legibility. The actions include 4 main Work Packages (WP) subdivided into several tasks that are summarized below:</p><p> </p><p>WP0 Management of the project</p><p>WP1 Legacy and ancillary data for Digital Soil Mapping (DSM)</p><p>Test the potential of new ancillary data for DSM</p><p>Explore methodologies to merge and/or harmonize different products</p><p>Propose methods for harmonizing products to a common date</p><p> </p><p>WP2 Methods for sampling, modelling and mapping soils in space and time</p><p>Testing and developing new methods/models for prediction</p><p>Testing methods for estimating complete probability distribution</p><p> </p><p>WP3 Methods for estimating model and map uncertainty</p><p>Develop methods of uncertainty spatial assessment</p><p>Develop methods do deal with censored data/soft data</p><p>Solve the question of influence on the age of the rescued soil data on predictions</p><p> </p><p>WP4 Scientific outreach and capacity building</p><p>Produce an exhaustive review of GlobalSoilMap initiatives and results all over the world</p><p>Revise and update the GlobalSoilMap specifications by keeping them at the state-of-the-art level</p><p>Show relevance of gridded, Global, DSM by use cases and communication to end users</p><p> </p><p>The added value of the consortium is to allow a direct scientific exchange between members that should result in synthesis papers, in the identification of the major knowledge gaps, and in extending, deepening and disseminating knowledge of DSM, with the final aim to contribute to the achievement of global soil maps. Another added value of the consortium will certainly be to foster the creation of new ideas.</p><p> </p><p>Acknowledgements: the Consortium GLADSOILMAP is supported by LE STUDIUM Loire Valley Institute for Advanced studies.</p>

Vedolizumab quantitation using high-resolution accurate mass-mass spectrometry middle-up protein subunit: method validation

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 864-872
Author(s):  
Kendall W. Cradic ◽  
Paula M. Ladwig ◽  
Ann L. Rivard ◽  
Waddah Katrangi ◽  
Karl Florian Wintgens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Tryptic Peptide ◽  
Mass Measurement ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Protein Subunit ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Quantitation Method ◽  
Orbitrap Ms

AbstractBackgroundWhile quantitation methods for small-molecule and tryptic peptide bottom-up mass spectrometry (MS) have been well defined, quantitation methods for top-down or middle-up MS approaches have not been as well defined. Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (t-mAbs) are a group of proteins that can be used to both demonstrate the advantages of top-down or middle-up detection methods over classic tryptic peptide bottom-up along with the growing need for robust quantitation strategies/software for these top-down or middle-up methods. Bottom-up proteolytic digest methods for the t-mAbs tend to suffer from challenges such as limited peptide selection due to potential interference from the polyclonal immunoglobulin background, complicated workflows, and inadequate sensitivity and specificity without laborious purification steps, and therefore have prompted the search for new detection and quantitation methods. Time-of-flight along with Orbitrap MS have recently evolved from the research and/or pharmaceutical setting into the clinical laboratory. With their superior mass measurement accuracy, resolution and scanning speeds, these are ideal platforms for top-down or middle-up characterization and quantitation.MethodsWe demonstrate a validated, robust, middle-up protein subunit detection and quantitation method for the IgG1 t-mAb, vedolizumab (VEDO), which takes advantage of the high resolution of the Orbitrap MS detection and quantitation software to increase specificity.ResultsValidated performance characteristics met pre-defined acceptance criteria with simple workflows and rapid turnaround times: characteristics necessary for implementation into a high-volume clinical MS laboratory.ConclusionsWhile the extraction method can easily be used with other IgG1 t-mAbs, the detection and quantitation method may become an option for measurement of other proteins.

scholarly journals Stimulus prediction in the hippocampus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kok ◽  
Nicholas B. Turk-Browne
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Sensory Systems ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Auditory Cues ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Reconstruction Methods

AbstractPerception can be cast as a process of inference, in which bottom-up signals are combined with top-down predictions in sensory systems. However, the source of these top-down predictions, especially when complex and multisensory, remains largely unknown. We hypothesised that the hippocampus — which rapidly learns arbitrary associations and has bidirectional connections with sensory systems — may be involved. We exposed humans to auditory cues predicting visual shapes, while measuring high-resolution fMRI signals in visual cortex and the hippocampus. Using multivariate reconstruction methods, we discovered a dissociation between these regions: representations in visual cortex were dominated by whichever shape was presented, whereas representations in the hippocampus (CA3 and subiculum, but not CA1) reflected only which shape was predicted by the cue. The strength of hippocampal predictions correlated across participants with the amount of expectation-related facilitation in visual cortex. These findings are consistent with the possibility that the hippocampus supplies predictions to sensory systems.

High-throughput top-down and bottom-up processes for forming single-nanotube based architectures for 3D electronics

2009 ◽  
Vol 1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupama B Kaul ◽  
Krikor G. Megerian ◽  
Paul von Allmen ◽  
Robert Kowalczyk ◽  
Richard Baron
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Ni Catalyst ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Vertically Aligned ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Chemically Amplified Resists

AbstractWe have developed manufacturable approaches to form single, vertically aligned carbon nanotubes, where the tubes are centered precisely, and placed within a few hundred nm of 1-1.5 m deep trenches. These wafer-scale approaches were enabled by chemically amplified resists and inductively coupled Cryo-etchers for forming the 3D nanoscale architectures. The tube growth was performed using dc plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), and the materials used for the pre-fabricated 3D architectures were chemically and structurally compatible with the high temperature (700 °C) PECVD synthesis of our tubes, in an ammonia and acetylene ambient. Tube characteristics were also engineered to some extent, by adjusting growth parameters, such as Ni catalyst thickness, pressure and plasma power during growth. Such scalable, high throughput top-down fabrication techniques, combined with bottom-up tube synthesis, should accelerate the development of PECVD tubes for applications such as interconnects, nano-electromechanical (NEMS), sensors or 3D electronics in general.

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