Photodynamic inactivation of enveloped viruses using sapphyrin, a 22 pi-electron expanded porphyrin: possible approaches to prophylactic blood purification protocols

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan L. Sessler ◽  
Michael J. Cyr ◽  
Bhaskar G. Maiya ◽  
Millard M. Judy ◽  
Joseph T. Newman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Purification ◽  
Photodynamic Inactivation ◽  
Enveloped Viruses ◽  
Expanded Porphyrin

Photodynamic inactivation of blood-borne enveloped viruses

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Millard M. Judy ◽  
Joseph T. Newman ◽  
James L. Matthews ◽  
Franklin Sogandares-Bernal ◽  
Helen Skiles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Inactivation ◽  
Enveloped Viruses

Photodynamic inactivation of selected bovine viruses by isomeric cationic tetra-platinated porphyrins

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (09) ◽  
pp. 1041-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovana Basso ◽  
Juliana F. Cargnelutti ◽  
Amanda L. Oliveira ◽  
Thiago V. Acunha ◽  
Rudi Weiblen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Light ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Photodynamic Inactivation ◽  
Virucidal Activity ◽  
Enveloped Viruses ◽  
Enveloped Virus ◽  
Led Array ◽  
Bovine Viruses

Porphyrin-based photodynamic processes have been used for the inactivation of microorganisms and treatment of tumors. The virucidal activity of porphyrins 3-PtTPyP and 4-PtTPyP was investigated against bovine viruses representative of the main structural groups (enveloped/non-enveloped, DNA/RNA: BVDV, BoHV-1, BAV and BEV), and against two epitheliotropic viruses (VSV and VACV). Viral suspensions were incubated at 0.91 [Formula: see text]mol [Formula: see text] L[Formula: see text] and exposed to a white-light LED array source (25 mW [Formula: see text] cm[Formula: see text]; 90 J [Formula: see text] cm[Formula: see text] for 0, 15, 30 and 60 min followed by determination of the remaining virus titers. Porphyrin 3-PtTPyP reduced almost 6 log of VSV and 3.5 log of BVDV titers after 15 min and complete virus photoinactivation was achieved after 30 min. 4-PtTPyP at 0.91 [Formula: see text]mol [Formula: see text] L[Formula: see text] produced reduction of titers of all enveloped virus depending on the time of light irradiation. No virucidal activity of any of the porphyrins was observed for non-enveloped viruses and these results showed the potential of porphyrins to inactivate viruses in premises.

scholarly journals The photodynamic inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus in water using visible light with a new expanded porphyrin

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rossi ◽  
D. Goi ◽  
C. Comuzzi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
White Light ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Monochromatic Light ◽  
Photodynamic Inactivation ◽  
Light Bulb ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Expanded Porphyrins ◽  
Expanded Porphyrin

In this work, the results of the application of organic expanded porphyrins in the disinfection of water by the photodynamic inactivation (PDI) technique are presented. The photoinactivation properties of a novel, expanded porphyrin, namely 20-(4-carboxyphenyl)-2,13-dimethyl-3,12-diethyl-(22π) pentaphyrin (PCCox), were tested in the disinfection of water using Staphylococcus aureus as a Gram-positive bacteria model. The data showed that PCCox was effective against S. aureus bacteria at nanomolar concentrations. The variation with irradiation time and concentration was studied using both a multi-LED monochromatic light (λ = 470 nm) and an incandescent light bulb with a wide emission spectrum. A PCCox dosage of 5 μM was sufficient to achieve a 99.997% abatement of S. aureus within 1 h of 40 W/m2 irradiation with monochromatic light (λ = 470 nm), whereas under the same conditions using irradiation with white light, the abatement was 99.9997%.

Control of Rate of Solute Transport in Newly Developed Portable Agar Gel Blood Purification System

1998 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Akihiro C. Yamashita ◽  
Ryoichi Sakiyama ◽  
Hiroyuki Hamada ◽  
Kakuji J. Tojo
Keyword(s):  
Solute Transport ◽  
Blood Purification ◽  
Agar Gel ◽  
Purification System

Treatment of Hemophilia A with a Highly Purified Factor VIII Concentrate Prepared by Anti-FVIIIc Immunoaffinity Chromatography

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (01) ◽  
pp. 019-027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph E Addiego ◽  
Edward Gomperts ◽  
Liu Shu-Len ◽  
Patricia Bailey ◽  
Suzanne G Courter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Hemophilia A ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Human Albumin ◽  
Immunoaffinity Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Enveloped Viruses ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Detergent Mixture

SummaryTo reduce the risk of pathogenic virus transmission associated with the therapeutic administration of plasma-derived antihemophilic factor (FVIIIc), a process utilizing anti-FVIIIc immunoaffinity chromatography to isolate FVIIIc has been developed. In addition, the starting cryoprecipitate solution has been treated with an organic solvent/detergent mixture to inactivate lipid-enveloped viruses. A final ion exchange chromatography step is used to further remove contaminants, e.g., anti-FVIIIc antibody, potentially leached with FVIIIc during the immunoaffinity step. The purified FVTII is stabilized for lyophili-zation and storage by the addition of human albumin. The monoclonal anti-FVIIIc antibody used in the immunoaffinity step of the process is not detectable in the final preparation. Viral reduction studies performed at specific steps of the process demonstrate that 11 logs of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and greater than 4-5 logs of other lipid-enveloped viruses are inactivated within the first 30 s of exposure to the solvent/ detergent mixture and 4-5 logs of various model viruses, e. g. Endomyocarditis virus (EMC), are physically removed during washing of the immunoaffinity column. The lyophilized product is reconstituted using sterile water in a matter of seconds.The pharmacokinetics of Hemofil® M were compared to those obtained using a standard heat-treated concentrate (Hemofil® CT) in five severe factor VIII deficient hemophiliacs in a randomized, cross-over study. No statistically significant differences were observed in mean half life (p >0.6) or median recovery (p = 0.4) between the two preparations. No clinically significant adverse effects were observed in patients receiving either FVIII preparation.In addition, 43 patients at 18 different centers underwent pharmacokinetic studies, with a nominal dose of 50 u/kg FVIIIc Hemofil® M. The mean recovery was 103.6%, and the t 1/2 was 14.6 h. The recovery of FVIII in this group was as expected, providing an increase of assayed FVIII of approximately 2% per unit of FVTII/kg infused.Clinical trials using Hemofil® M have been initiated in 124 hemophilia A patients. The safety and efficacy of Hemofil® M has been established. To date, 0 of 60 patients tested have seroconverted to HIV. None of the previously untreated patients show clinical or laboratory evidence of Non-A, Non-B hepatitis (NANB), with 21 patients remaining negative as far as presence of antibodies to the Hepatitis C virus (a-HCV negative) at least 6 months after the initial infusion. There is no evidence of neoantigenicity, evidenced by seroconversion to murine antibody. An 8.7% (2 of 23) prevalence of anti-FVIIIc inhibitor development has been observed in previously untreated patients with FVIIIc⩽3%, receiving only the monoclonally purified solvent/ detergent treated FVIII concentrate while on study and on poststudy surveillance. All patients demonstrated clinical hemostasis following product use for either on demand bleeding or surgical prophylaxis.

“In vitro” and in Animal Model Studies on a Double Virus- Inactivated Factor VIII Concentrate

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (03) ◽  
pp. 868-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Arrighi ◽  
Roberta Rossi ◽  
Maria Giuseppina Borri ◽  
Vladimir Lesnikov ◽  
Marina Lesnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Virus Inactivation ◽  
Enveloped Viruses ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Heat Treated

SummaryTo improve the safety of plasma derived factor VIII (FVIII) concentrate, we introduced a final super heat treatment (100° C for 30 min) as additional virus inactivation step applied to a lyophilized, highly purified FVIII concentrate (100 IU/mg of proteins) already virus inactivated using the solvent/detergent (SID) method during the manufacturing process.The efficiency of the super heat treatment was demonstrated in inactivating two non-lipid enveloped viruses (Hepatitis A virus and Poliovirus 1). The loss of FVIII procoagulant activity during the super heat treatment was of about 15%, estimated both by clotting and chromogenic assays. No substantial changes were observed in physical, biochemical and immunological characteristics of the heat treated FVIII concentrate in comparison with those of the FVIII before heat treatment.

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