Measurement of the complex refractive index of tissue-mimicking phantoms and biotissue by extended differential total reflection method

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 097001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Ye ◽  
Jin Wang ◽  
Zhi-Chao Deng ◽  
Wen-Yuan Zhou ◽  
Chun-Ping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Complex Refractive Index ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Reflection Method

Continuous refractive index dispersion measurement based on derivative total reflection method

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 043101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhichao Deng ◽  
Jin Wang ◽  
Qing Ye ◽  
Tengqian Sun ◽  
Wenyuan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Reflection Method ◽  
Refractive Index Dispersion ◽  
Dispersion Measurement

scholarly journals Using Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) Apparatus to Investigate the Temperature Dependent Dielectric Properties of Water, Ice, and Tissue-Representative Fats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltan Vilagosh ◽  
Alireza Lajevardipour ◽  
Dominique Appadoo ◽  
Saulius Juodkazis ◽  
Andrew Wood
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Complex Refractive Index ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Minimal Sample ◽  
Emulsified Water

A novel method of investigating the temperature dependent variation of aspects of the complex refractive index n* in samples in the THz range using continuous, non-polarised, synchrotron radiation is presented. The method relies on the use of ATR apparatus, and retains the advantage of minimal sample preparation, which is a feature of ATR techniques. The method demonstrates the viability of rapidly monitoring temperature reflectance whilst continuously heating or cooling samples by using a temperature variable Thermal Sample Stage. The method remains useful when the refractive index of the sample precludes attenuated total reflection study. This is demonstrated with the water reflectance experiments. The temperature dependent ATR reflectance of tissue-representative fats (lard and Lurpak® butter) was investigated with the novel approach. Both are within the ATR range of the diamond crystal in a “true” ATR mode. Lard showed no clear temperature variation between -15 0C and 24 0C at 0.7 to 1.15 THz or 1.70 to 2.25 THz. Lard can be regarded as having invariable, constant, dielectric properties within mixtures when biological substances are being assessed for temperature dependent dielectric variation within the stated THz ranges. Lurpak® butter (water content 14.7%) displayed temperature dependent reflectance features with a steady decline in reflectivity with increasing temperature. This is in line with the temperature-dependent behaviour of liquid water. There is no rapid change in reflectance, even at -20 0C, suggesting that emulsified water retains liquid-water-like THz properties at freezing temperatures.

Absolute Absorption Intensity and Dispersion Measurements on Some Organic Liquids in the Infrared

1980 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 657-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Goplen ◽  
D. G. Cameron ◽  
R. N. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Complex Refractive Index ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Organic Liquids ◽  
Absorption Coefficients ◽  
Absorption Intensity ◽  
Transmission Measurements ◽  
Infrared Absorption Spectra

The infrared absorption spectra and corresponding dispersion spectra of the following liquids have been measured over the range 4200 to 250 cm−1: cyclo-C5H10, CH3·NO2, CH3·CN, CH2Br2, CH2Cl2, CBrCl3, CCl4, C6H6, C6H5·CH3, C6H5Cl, C6H5Br, C6H5I, and C6F6. The spectra were measured in the absence of solvent and the results are reported as the real and imaginary components of the complex refractive index ( n, k). The experimental technique combines transmission measurements through thin films and attenuated total reflection measurements by a method which has been described previously. The complete spectral and dispersion curves are displayed graphically; the absorption maxima are tabulated as absorption indices ( kmax) and as molar absorption coefficients (εmax). The dispersion extrema ( nmin, nmax) are also listed and the experimental uncertainties in these quantities are evaluated. Provision is made to supply the complete optical constant data on magnetic tape at encoded intervals of 0.5 cm−1.

Study of dynamic pressure-induced refractive index change using derivative total reflection method

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 117005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Wang ◽  
Qing Ye ◽  
Zhichao Deng ◽  
Tengqian Sun ◽  
Wenyuan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Refractive Index Change ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Reflection Method ◽  
Index Change

A Scanning Total Reflection Method for Refractive-Index Profiling

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (Part 1, No. 8) ◽  
pp. 1497-1500
Author(s):  
Xiaofan Zhu ◽  
Kenichi Iga
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Reflection Method

scholarly journals The reflection of long X-rays

1931 ◽  
Vol 133 (821) ◽  
pp. 292-303 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Plane Surface ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Reflection Method ◽  
Glancing Angle ◽  
Matter Theory ◽  
Theory And Experiment

Introduction .—For X-rays passing through matter, theory and experiment give a refractive index μ slightly less than unity, so that if a beam of X-rays falls on the plane surface of a solid at a small glancing angle less than the critical glancing angle, it is totally reflected. Determinations of the refractive indices of short wave X-rays by the total reflection method have been carried out by a considerable number of observers. The work of Forster and of Doan is of particular importance in that determinations have been made with many refinements of technique for various substances over a range of wave-lengths.

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