Coupling of a laser diode to single mode circular core graded index fiber via hyperbolic microlens on the fiber tip and identification of the suitable refractive index profile with consideration for possible misalignments

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 045004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somenath Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Laser Diode ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Refractive Index Profile ◽  
Index Profile ◽  
Graded Index

Utilizing multimode interference effects in integrated graded-index optical waveguides for efficient power splitting

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1556-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Philipp Roth ◽  
Thomas Kühler ◽  
Elmar Griese
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Refractive Index Profile ◽  
Multimode Interference ◽  
Power Splitting ◽  
Index Profile ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Graded Index ◽  
Waveguide Components ◽  
Efficient Power

Purpose For the realization of optical waveguide components, needed for photonic integrated circuits, multimode-interference based (MMI-based) devices are an excellent component class for the realization of low loss optical splitters. A promising approach to the manufacturing of these components is their embedding in thin glass sheets by ion-exchange diffusion processes, which has not yet been extensively studied. This study aims to significantly enhance the modeling of the diffusion process to support manufacturing of graded-index, MMI-based optical splitters. Design/methodology/approach The methods of design and analysis of MMI-based components are based on a step-index refractive index profile. In this work, fundamental correlations between the properties of the manufacturing ion-exchange process and the characteristics of the graded-index, MMI-based components are established. The refractive index profile is calculated with a proprietary solver based on the finite element method. Any further investigation with respect to parameter influence is based on the beam propagation method, specifically a finite difference based, semi-vectorial, wide-angle beam propagation algorithm. The influence of the parameters of the self-imaging effect is investigated. On this basis, different approaches for efficient power splitting with graded-index, MMI-based waveguide components are evaluated. Findings Easy approximations – mostly linear – can be found to model the dependencies of the investigated parameters. The resulting graded-index splitters are characterized by their low excess and insertion loss. Originality/value These findings are the first step in the direction of the semi-analytical modeling of the respective waveguide components to reduce the numerical effort.

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