In situ spectroscopic measurements of erosion behavior of Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor‐redeposited carbon materials under high‐flux plasma bombardment in PISCES‐A (Plasma Interactive Surface Component Experimental Station‐A)

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 2935-2942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Hirooka ◽  
A. Pospieszcyk ◽  
R. W. Conn ◽  
B. Mills ◽  
R. E. Nygren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Materials ◽  
High Flux ◽  
Spectroscopic Measurements ◽  
Erosion Behavior ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Surface Component ◽  
Interactive Surface ◽  
Test Reactor

The use of in-situ Raman spectroscopy in investigating carbon materials as the anodes of alkali metal-ion batteries

Carbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 428
Author(s):  
Xiaoqin Cheng ◽  
Huijun Li ◽  
Zhenxin Zhao ◽  
Yong-zhen Wang ◽  
Xiaomin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
In Situ Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Alkali Metal Ion ◽  
In Situ Raman

The AMPIX electrochemical cell: a versatile apparatus forin situX-ray scattering and spectroscopic measurements

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1261-1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaf J. Borkiewicz ◽  
Badri Shyam ◽  
Kamila M. Wiaderek ◽  
Charles Kurtz ◽  
Peter J. Chupas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Cell ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Spectroscopic Measurements ◽  
Battery Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Electrochemical Cycling ◽  
Ray Scattering

This article presents a versatile easy-to-use electrochemical cell suitable forin operando,in situmeasurements of battery materials during electrochemical cycling using a variety of X-ray techniques. Argonne's multi-purposein situX-ray (AMPIX) cell provides reliable electrochemical cycling over extended periods owing to the uniform stack pressure applied by rigid X-ray windows and the formation of a high-fidelity hermetic seal. The suitability of the AMPIX cell for a broad range of synchrotron-based X-ray scattering and spectroscopic measurements has been demonstrated with studies at eight Advanced Photon Source beamlines to date. Compatible techniques include pair distribution function analysis, high-resolution powder diffraction, small-angle scattering and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. These techniques probe a broad range of electronic, structural and morphological features relevant to battery materials. The AMPIX cell enables experiments providing greater insight into the complex processes that occur in operating batteries by allowing the electrochemical reactions to be probed at fine reaction intervals with greater consistency (within the charge–discharge cycle and between different methodologies) with potential for new time-dependent kinetic studies or studies of transient species. Representative X-ray and electrochemical data to demonstrate the functionality of the AMPIX cell are presented.

Intracellular diffusion gradients of O2 and ATP

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (5) ◽  
pp. C663-C675 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
High Flux ◽  
Concentration Gradients ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Intracellular Diffusion ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Atp Supply ◽  
Endogenous Enzymes

Endogenous enzymes with different subcellular localizations provide in situ probes to study O2 and ATP concentration at various sites within cells. Results from this approach indicate that substantial intracellular concentration gradients occur under some O2- and ATP-limited conditions. These studies, along with electron microscopic analyses and mathematical modeling, indicate that clustering and distribution of mitochondria are major factors in determining the magnitude and location of the concentration gradients. The mitochondria appear to be clustered in sites of high ATP demand to maximize ATP supply under conditions of limited production. The size of such clusters is limited by the magnitude of the O2 gradient needed to provide adequate O2 concentrations for mitochondrial function within the clusters. Thus microheterogeneity of metabolite concentrations can occur in cells without membranal compartmentation and may be important in determining the rates of various high-flux processes.

scholarly journals In-situ calibration of TFTR (Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor) neutron detectors

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.W. Hendel ◽  
R.W. Palladino ◽  
C.W. Barnes ◽  
M. Diesso ◽  
J.S. Felt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactor Neutron ◽  
Neutron Detectors ◽  
In Situ Calibration ◽  
Test Reactor

scholarly journals In-situ Creep Testing Capability Development for Advanced Test Reactor

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Kim ◽  
J. L. Rempe ◽  
D. L. Knudson ◽  
K. G. Condie ◽  
B. H. Sencer
Keyword(s):  
Creep Testing ◽  
Capability Development ◽  
Test Reactor

In Situ HRTEM Observations of Spreading Reactive Molten Alloy on Ceramic Substrates

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chihiro Iwamoto ◽  
Shunichiro Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Molten Alloy ◽  
Amorphous Carbon Film ◽  
Polar Plane ◽  
Ceramic Substrates ◽  
Alloy Foil ◽  
Reaction Processes

In-situ HRTEM technique was applied to various substrates and the reaction processes between substrates and molten alloy were compared. Substrates used were SiC, Si3N4, Si wafers, an amorphous carbon film, and a carbon nanotube. Ti-containing Ag-Cu eutectic alloy foil was placed on the substrate and the combined specimen mounted on the heating holder of an HRTEM and heated in the microscope to melt the alloy foil. In the case of SiC, Si3N4, carbon materials, the molten alloy spreading on the substrates were observed after melting of the alloy. SiC polar plane nano-steps appeared with the SiC dissociation by the molten alloy. On the surface of the carbon nanotube, thin film precursor spreading was observed. In contrast, Si reaction with the molten alloy produced big holes at the contacted area and molten alloy spreading was not observed.

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