scholarly journals Distinguishing mummified thyroid nodules from malignant thyroid nodules

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Xiao Qu Tan ◽  
LinXue Qian ◽  
YunHong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Cystic Wall ◽  
Continuous Decrease ◽  
The Us ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Differential Imaging

Aim: To study the ultrasonographic (US) differences between “mummified” thyroid nodules and malignant thyroid nodules in order to achieve a more accurate imaging-based diagnosis and to avoid unnecessary biopsy.Material and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the US features of mummified thyroid nodules, as confirmed by fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), in 193 cases. The US features included content, echo, shape, margin, microcalcification, suspicious lymph nodes and some characteristic features, including the cystic wall shrinkage sign, the concentric configuration or finger sign, calcification and halo. All of these features were classified and compared with those of 109 malignant lesions. The changes of these mummified nodules during the follow-up period were also examined.Results: The cystic wall shrinkage sign and the concentric configuration or finger sign were highly specific indicators of mummified thyroid nodules and could be used to distinguish mummified nodules from thyroid cancer with a specificity of 91.7% and 99.9%, respectively. A continuous decrease in the cyst size was observed during follow-up.Conclusions: Mummified thyroid nodules are characterized by the cystic wall shrinkage sign and the concentric configuration or finger sign on US and a continuous decrease in size during follow-up. These features may be useful for the differential imaging-based diagnosis of mummified versus malignant thyroid nodules.

scholarly journals Comparison between ultrasonographic findings and fine needle aspiration cytology in differentiating malignant and benign thyroid nodules

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Mohebbi ◽  
Mehrzad Gholampour Dehaki ◽  
Mahsa Mozaffari
Keyword(s):  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
The Us ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

The purpose of research was comparing the ultrasound (US) features and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in detecting the thyroid nodules in clinical practice. A cross-sectional analytical study retrospectively reviewed the US and FNAC findings for a total of 170 thyroid nodules. The US features that we compared included echogenicity, calcifications, shape, halo and Doppler, between 2017 and 2018. Totally, 170 nodules of thyroid were studied, which contained 72 (42.4%) benign and 98 (57.6%) malignant thyroid nodules. The sonographic features were significantly associated with malignancy such as microcalcification (97.0%), hyperechogenicity (91.5%), wider than taller shape (98.0%), absent halo (90.9%) and positive Doppler (78.0%) (P < 0.01). The altogether accuracies of calcification, echogenicity, shape, halo, and Doppler were 0.96, 0.92, 0.97,0.82 and 0.82, respectively. Our data suggest that US features could be a good sonographic criterion for recommending FNA cytology with follow‐up thyroid sonography and FNA.

scholarly journals What is New on Thyroid Cancer Biomarkers

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. BMI.S669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosaria M. Ruggeri ◽  
Alfredo Campennì ◽  
Sergio Baldari ◽  
Francesco Trimarchi ◽  
Maria Trovato
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Follicular Epithelium ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Follicular Lesions ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Well Differentiated

Thyroid cancer harbours in about 5% of thyroid nodules. The majority of them are well-differentiated cancers originating from the follicular epithelium, and are subdivided into papillary and follicular carcinomas. Undifferentiated carcinomas and medullary thyroid carcinomas arising from C cells are less common. Although most thyroid nodules are benign, distinguishing thyroid cancer from benign lesions is crucial for an appropriate treatment and follow-up. The fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) allows the diagnosis of nature of thyroid nodules in the majority of cases. However, FNAC has some limitations, particularly in the presence of follicular lesions which can appear dubious in rare instances even at histology. In an effort to improve diagnostic accuracy and offer new prognostic criteria, several immunohistochemical and molecular markers have been proposed. However, most of them have to be validated on large series before being used in routine practice.

scholarly journals Patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis are not at higher risk for developing clinically overt thyroid cancer: a 10-year follow-up study

2020 ◽  
Vol 183 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-323
Author(s):  
Mario Rotondi ◽  
Gloria Groppelli ◽  
Laura Croce ◽  
Francesco Latrofa ◽  
Giuseppe Ancona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Design And Methods

Objective: The association between chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (CAT) and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) remains controversial. The incidence of DTC increases when screening procedures are implemented, as typically occurs in CAT patients being routinely submitted to thyroid ultrasound (US). The aim of this study was to longitudinally evaluate the long-term development of DTC in patients with CAT. Design and methods: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study was designed. For the study, 510 patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (CAT) with a 10-year follow-up were enrolled. Patients were divided in two groups according to the presence (CAT+ NOD+; n = 115) or absence (CAT+ NOD−; n = 395) of co-existent nodules at diagnosis. The main outcome measures were appearance of new thyroid-nodules and development of DTC during follow-up. Results: During a 10-year median follow-up period, new thyroid-nodules were detected in 34/115 (29.5%) patients in the CAT+ NOD+ group and in 41/395 (10.3%) in the CAT+ NOD− group (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that thyroid-volume at diagnosis and belonging to the CAT+ NOD+ group significantly predicted the appearance of a new thyroid nodule during follow-up, independently of baseline age and sex. Among the 75 patients experiencing the appearance of a new nodule, 27 (39%) met the criteria for fine-needle-aspiration-cytology (FNAC). A benign cytological diagnosis was rendered in all cases. Conclusions: In our series of CAT patients, the appearance of new thyroid-nodules was frequent, but none of them were found to be malignant. The presence of CAT appears to be associated with a negligible risk of developing clinically overt DTC.

scholarly journals Repeated fine-needle aspiration cytology for the diagnosis and follow-up of thyroid nodules

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 422-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnaldo José Graciano ◽  
Carlos Takahiro Chone ◽  
Carlos Augusto Fischer ◽  
Giuliano Stefanello Bublitz ◽  
Ana Jacinta de Aquino Peixoto
Keyword(s):  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

Fine-needle aspiration cytology of submandibular gland lesions

1995 ◽  
Vol 109 (9) ◽  
pp. 853-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Atula ◽  
Reidar Grénman ◽  
Pekka Laippala ◽  
Pekka-Juhani Klemi
Keyword(s):  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

AbstractThe usefulness of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis and treatment of submandibular gland lesions is not well known. The 210 FNACs taken from submandibular gland lesions at Turku University Central Hospital between 1984 and 1991 were reviewed. Of these FNACs, 78 samples from primary lesions were confirmed histologically. Within this subset 10 FNACs were taken from benign neoplasms, all of which were correctly classified (sensitivity 100 per cent; specificity 88 percent). Only four of the 14 FNACs from malignant lesions were cytologically considered malignant (sensitivity 29 per cent). On the other hand, four FNACs raised a false suspicion of malignancy (specificity 6 per cent). Out of 54 FNACs from non-neoplastic lesions 43 were correct (sensitivity 80 per cent; specificity 63 per cent). There were 104 patients (123 FNACs), who had not been operated on: the follow-up of these patients shows that in this subset of FNACs there were no false malignant but probably one false benign finding (1 per cent). We conclude that FNAC can offer valuable information about the type of the submandibular gland lesion, but the decision of operative and other treatment should not be based solely on the result of FNAC.

scholarly journals Ultrasonographic characteristics as a criterion for repeat cytology in benign thyroid nodules

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Weslley Rosário ◽  
Saulo Purisch
Keyword(s):  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Cytological Diagnosis ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Benign Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Benign Thyroid

OBJECTIVE: To report the results of repeat fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in thyroid nodules with an initial benign cytological diagnosis that grow during follow-up and/or present suspicious ultrasonographic characteristics. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 456 patients with 895 nodules. FNAC was repeated after 12 to 18 months in the case of nodules with suspicious ultrasonographic characteristics, irrespective of growth, and when the nodules showed significant growth. RESULTS: Among the 895 nodules examined, 102 (11.4%) presented suspicious ultrasonographic characteristics. The second FNAC revealed malignancy in 18 (17.6%) nodules, including 20% (2/10) of those showing growth and 17.4% (16/92) that did not. Seventy-six (9.6%) of 793 nodules without suspicious characteristics presented growth. Only one case (1.3%) of malignancy was diagnosed by repeat FNAC. CONCLUSIONS: The study suggests ultrasonographic characteristics rather than growth as a criterion for repeat FNAC in the case of nodules with an initial benign cytological diagnosis.

scholarly journals Cytological spectrum of granulomatous mastitis: diagnostic and treatment challenges

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3616
Author(s):  
Shalini Bhalla ◽  
Preeti Agarwal ◽  
Harshita Agarwal ◽  
Sameer Gupta ◽  
Prateek Mehrotra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Granulomatous Mastitis ◽  
Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis ◽  
Inflammatory Lesions ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Detailed Work

Background: Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is an inflammatory disease of the breast which clinico- radiologically mimics both inflammatory and malignant lesions. This leads to diagnostic dilemmas and delay in treatment. The aim of the present study was to review the cases diagnosed as granulomatous mastitis on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) with an objective to co-relate their clinico-radiological findings, histology review where available and follow up treatment received to establish etiology and study the treatment outcome.Methods: Cytologically diagnosed cases of granulomatous mastitis were retrieved and reviewed from August 2015 - July 2017 records. Clinico-radiological co-relation, histology review where available and follow up treatment records were sought for.Results: Around 31.7% (530/1670) cases were reported as malignant, 60.3% (1009/1670) as benign proliferative and 7.9% (131/1670) as inflammatory lesions by breast FNA. 3.1% (51/1670) cases were reported as GM of all breast FNAC and 38% (51/131) of all inflammatory lesions. Follow up was available for 47 cases. Of which 26 (55.3%) cases were diagnosed as Tubercular Granulomatous mastitis (TGM) and 21(44.7%) were idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM).Conclusions: Countries where tuberculosis is endemic, high degree of clinical suspicion and detailed work-up to rule out TGM is essential for all cases of granulomatous mastitis. Authors recommend a multidisciplinary workup with microbiological culture and molecular based tests on FNA material. This retrospective study illustrates that the cause of GM needs to be determined accurately for timely treatment, to avoid unnecessary delays and treatment dilemma in these patients.

Value of repeated fine-needle aspiration cytology and cytologic experience on the management of thyroid nodules

1998 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Aguilar ◽  
Jose M. Rodriguez ◽  
Benito Flores ◽  
Joaquin Sola ◽  
Agueda Bas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Power Of The Test ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Benign Nodules ◽  
Head Neck

Although fine-needle aspiration is being currently accepted as the most reliable method to select patients with thyroid nodules for surgery, controversy remains about the accuracy in distinguishing benign nodules. We present our results from 636 fine-needle aspirations performed from 1984 to 1989. Our article focuses on the value of cytologic expertise and repeated punctures for follow-up of benign nodules. We found annual figures for specificity and positive predictive value to increase steadily from 1984 to 1989, thus suggesting that the power of the test is proportional to the experience of the cytologist. We also state that the value of performing repeated punctures for the follow-up of unselected benign nodules is low. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1998;119:121-4.)

scholarly journals To Obtain More With Less: Cytologic Samples With Ancillary Molecular Techniques—The Useful Role of Liquid-Based Cytology

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Martini ◽  
Sara Capodimonti ◽  
Tonia Cenci ◽  
Mirna Bilotta ◽  
Guido Fadda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Liquid Based Cytology ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

Context.— Fine-needle aspiration cytology has been increasingly used as the first tool in the evaluation of several diseases. Although cytology has a relevant role in the discrimination between benign and malignant lesions, conventional slides cannot lead to 100% conclusive results. It was hoped that the introduction of liquid-based cytology (LBC) would improve the efficacy of cytology through standardization, quality improvement, and the possibility of carrying out ancillary techniques on the residual stored material. In recent decades, the application of genomic alterations has been studied on cytologic samples with feasible and reliable results. The molecular analysis offers a powerful aid to define the best clinical or surgical approaches and follow-up for patients. In recent years, the application of different ancillary techniques has been carried out on conventional slides even though LBC represents a useful additional and alternative method for molecular testing. Objective.— To demonstrate the relevance of LBC as a valid aid to overcoming the difficulties encountered in the application of ancillary techniques on conventional slides. Data Sources.— We examined and reviewed our experience with the application of ancillary techniques on LBC performed on different body sites. Conclusions.— We emphasize that LBC achieves significant and accurate results. It represents a valid method for cytologic evaluation and it provides highly reproducible and informative molecular yields.

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