Dynamics of Stretch-Induced Stress Fiber Remodeling in 3D Cell Culture

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Lin Lee ◽  
Ali Nekouzadeh ◽  
Kenneth M. Pryse ◽  
Elliot L. Elson ◽  
Guy M. Genin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
3D Cell Culture ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Stress Fiber ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Tissue Development ◽  
Induced Stress

The responses of living cells to mechanical stimuli are believed to underlie diseases such as fibrotic cardiomyopathy [1] and asthma [2]. Emerging evidence suggests that mechanical signals transduced through the actin cytoskeleton and its connections to the extracellular matrix (ECM) have important effects on cell physiology and tissue development [13]. Understanding the responses of cells in realistic mechanical environments to mechanical stimuli is therefore of great importance to understanding development and disease.

scholarly journals Mechanical Strain-Enabled Reconstitution of Dynamic Environment in Organ-on-a-Chip Platforms: A Review

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
Qianbin Zhao ◽  
Tim Cole ◽  
Yuxin Zhang ◽  
Shi-Yang Tang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
3D Cell Culture ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Human Organ ◽  
Organ On A Chip

Organ-on-a-chip (OOC) uses the microfluidic 3D cell culture principle to reproduce organ- or tissue-level functionality at a small scale instead of replicating the entire human organ. This provides an alternative to animal models for drug development and environmental toxicology screening. In addition to the biomimetic 3D microarchitecture and cell–cell interactions, it has been demonstrated that mechanical stimuli such as shear stress and mechanical strain significantly influence cell behavior and their response to pharmaceuticals. Microfluidics is capable of precisely manipulating the fluid of a microenvironment within a 3D cell culture platform. As a result, many OOC prototypes leverage microfluidic technology to reproduce the mechanically dynamic microenvironment on-chip and achieve enhanced in vitro functional organ models. Unlike shear stress that can be readily generated and precisely controlled using commercial pumping systems, dynamic systems for generating proper levels of mechanical strains are more complicated, and often require miniaturization and specialized designs. As such, this review proposes to summarize innovative microfluidic OOC platforms utilizing mechanical actuators that induce deflection of cultured cells/tissues for replicating the dynamic microenvironment of human organs.

A rhabdomyosarcoma hydrogel model to unveil cell-extracellular matrix interactions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Saggioro ◽  
Stefania D'Agostino ◽  
Anna Gallo ◽  
Sara Crotti ◽  
Sara D'Aronco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
3D Cell Culture ◽  
Culture Systems ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
In Vitro Systems ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Interactions

Three-dimensional (3D) culture systems are progressively getting attention given their potential in overcoming limitations of the classical 2D in vitro systems. Among different supports for 3D cell culture, hydrogels (HGs)...

scholarly journals Dynamic crosslinked and injectable biohydrogels as extracellular matrix mimics for the delivery of antibiotics and 3D cell culture

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (33) ◽  
pp. 19587-19599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiping Fan ◽  
Ping Cheng ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Sangeeta Prakash ◽  
Jun Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
3D Cell Culture ◽  
Drug Release Rate ◽  
Sustained Drug Delivery ◽  
Cell Scaffold ◽  
Potential Applications

Polysaccharides-polypeptide derived biohydrogels were formed using hydrazone chemistry as crosslinking strategy, which have controllable drug release rate and many other potential applications, especially in sustained drug delivery and cell scaffold.

Investigation of the Role of Stress Fiber Contractility and Nucleus Geometry in the Response of Cells to Micropipette Aspiration

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel H. Reynolds ◽  
William Ronan ◽  
Enda P. Dowling ◽  
J. Patrick McGarry
Keyword(s):  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Stress Fiber ◽  
Micropipette Aspiration ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Cell Cytoplasm

Remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton plays a critical role in the response of cells to mechanical stimuli. Previous studies have investigated the response of cells to micropipette aspiration using passive visco-elastic models for the cell cytoplasm [1–3].

scholarly journals An Electromagnetically Actuated Double-Sided Cell-Stretching Device for Mechanobiology Research

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harshad Kamble ◽  
Raja Vadivelu ◽  
Mathew Barton ◽  
Kseniia Boriachek ◽  
Ahmed Munaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Cell Alignment ◽  
Tissue Remodelling ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Cell Stretching ◽  
Strain Pattern ◽  
Cell Patterns

Cellular response to mechanical stimuli is an integral part of cell homeostasis. The interaction of the extracellular matrix with the mechanical stress plays an important role in cytoskeleton organisation and cell alignment. Insights from the response can be utilised to develop cell culture methods that achieve predefined cell patterns, which are critical for tissue remodelling and cell therapy. We report the working principle, design, simulation and characterisation of a novel electromagnetic cell stretching platform based on the double-sided axial stretching approach. The device is capable of introducing a cyclic and static strain pattern on a cell culture. The platform was tested with fibroblasts. The experimental results are consistent with the previously reported cytoskeleton reorganisation and cell reorientation induced by strain. The orientation of the cells is highly influenced by external mechanical cues. Cells reorganise their cytoskeleton to avoid external strain and to maintain intact extracellular matrix arrangements.

Spatiotemporal regulation of the Pak1 kinase

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 646-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Parrini ◽  
M. Matsuda ◽  
J. de Gunzburg
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Cell Motility ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Kinetic Control ◽  
Multiprotein Complexes ◽  
Spatiotemporal Regulation ◽  
P21 Activated Kinase

Pak1 (p21-activated kinase 1) is a key regulator of the actin cytoskeleton, adhesion and cell motility. Such biological roles require a tight spatial and kinetic control of its localization and activity. We summarize here the current knowledge on Pak1 dynamics in vivo. Inactive dimeric Pak1 is mainly cytosolic. Localized interaction with the activators Cdc42-GTP and Rac1-GTP stimulates the kinase at the sites of cellular protrusions. Moreover, Pak1 is dynamically engaged into multiprotein complexes forming adhesions to the extracellular matrix. Cutting edge microscopy technologies on living cells are finally shedding light on the intricate spatiotemporal mechanisms regulating Pak1.

scholarly journals Hydrogels as extracellular matrix mimics for 3D cell culture

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Tibbitt ◽  
Kristi S. Anseth
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
3D Cell Culture
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