Finite Element Analysis of Nutrient Distribution and Cell Viability in Intervertebral Disc: Effect of Compression and Degeneration

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia R. Jackson ◽  
Chun-Yuh Huang ◽  
Mark D. Brown ◽  
Weiyong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Concentration Gradients ◽  
Nutrient Distribution ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cellular Survival ◽  
Tissue Degeneration

The intervertebral disc (IVD) is the largest avascular structure in the human body. As such, important nutrients, such as glucose and oxygen, that are necessary for cellular survival and functioning, must be transported into the disc via diffusion. As a result, steep concentration gradients develop across the tissue, dependent upon both cellular demand (i.e., metabolism) and transport. Both mechanical loading and tissue degeneration may alter nutrient distributions in the IVD. This may, in turn, affect IVD cell activity and viability.

Multiphasic Finite Element Analysis of Physical Signals and Solute Transport in the Human Intervertebral Disc

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Yao ◽  
Wei Yong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Mixture Theory ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Tissue Composition ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
3D Finite Element ◽  
Disc Nutrition

A 3D finite element model for charged hydrated soft tissue containing charged/uncharged solutes was developed based on the multi-phasic mechano-electrochemical mixture theory [1–2]. This model was applied to analyze the mechanical, chemical and electrical signals within the human intervertebral disc under mechanical loading. The effects of tissue composition and material property on the physical signals and the transport of fluid, ions and nutrients were investigated. This study is important for understanding disc biomechanics, disc nutrition and disc mechanobiology.

Finite element analysis (FEA) of polylactic acid/polypropylene carbonate (PLA/PPC) blends fixation plate for craniomaxillofacial surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 678-691
Author(s):  
Intan Najwa Humaira Mohamed Haneef ◽  
Norhashimah Shaffiar ◽  
Yose Fachmi Buys ◽  
Abdul Malek Abd. Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Material ◽  
Fixation Plate ◽  
Von Mises

Purpose The internal fixation plate of bone fractures by using polylactic acid (PLA) has attracted the attention of many researchers, as it is biodegradable and biocompatible to the human body. However, its brittleness has led to implant fracture. On the contrary, polypropylene carbonate (PPC), which is also biodegradable and biocompatible, has an excellent elongation at break. The purpose of this paper is to compare the PLA fixation plate with the new fixation plate made up of PLA/PPC blends by using finite element analysis (FEA). Design/methodology/approach The mandible bone from CT data set and fixation plate was designed by using the MIMICS, Amira and Solidworks softwares. Abaqus software was used for FEA of PLA/PPC fixation plate applied on the fractured mandible bone. A model of mandibular bone with a fracture in the body was subjected to incisor load. The analysis was run to determine the von Mises stress, elongation of the fixation plate and the displacement of the fractured gap of PLA/PPC blends fixation plate. Findings The von Mises stress predicted that all the blend compositions were safe to be used as a fixation plate since the stress values were less than the yield strength. In addition, the stress value of the fixation plate was gradually decreased up to 20 percent when the amount of PPC increased to 30 percent. This indicates that the stress shielding effect was successfully reduced. The elongation of the fixation plate was gradually increased from 11.54 to 12.55 µm as the amount of PPC in the blends increased from 0 to 30 percent, thereby illustrating that the flexibility of the fixation plate was improved by the addition of PPC. Finally, the measured displacement of the fractured gap for all compositions of PLA/PPC blends fixation plate is less than 150 µm, which proves the likely success of fracture fixation by using the PLA/PPC blends. Research limitations/implications An optimum solution of PLA/PPC blends and another new material such as compatibilizer need to be introduced in the blends in order to improve the performance of PLA/PPC blends as a new material for a fixation plate. Besides, by using the same method of producing PLA/PPC blends, longer durations for in vitro degradation of PLA/PPC blends are essential to further understand the degradation behavior of the blends applied in the human body. Finally, it is also important to further test the mechanical strength of PLA/PPC blends during the degradation period to know the current strength of the implant in the healing process of the bone. Practical implications PLA fixation plate and screw can commercially be used in CMF surgery since they reduce cost because of the elimination of secondary surgery to remove the fixation plate and screw after the healing process. Social implications It is hoped that the advantages of this research will ensure the market of PLA product to continue expanding in medical application. Originality/value This study is one of the alternative ways for the biomedical researchers to improve the elongation break of PLA. Currently, many researchers focus on polymeric materials such as PLA, poly(glycolic) acid and polydioxanone blends, which were extensively being used in CMF surgery. However, the work on PLA/PPC blends to be used as one of the materials for the CMF fixation plate is very limited, if any. PPC, the proposed material for this research, will improve the mechanical performance of PLA fixation plate and screw to become more sustainable and flexible when applied on human mandible bone.

Designing, Manufacturing and FEA Analyzing of a Intervertebral Disc Made from UHMWPE

2019 ◽  
Vol 957 ◽  
pp. 427-436
Author(s):  
Corneliu Nicolae Druga ◽  
Ileana Constanta Rosca ◽  
Radu Necula
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Intervertebral Disk ◽  
Cad Model ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Fea Analysis

The paper presents a series of aspects regarding the design, manufacturing (through Rapid Prototyping) and FEA analysis of an intervertebral disk made from UHMWPE. In the first part are presented the most used model existing on the market. The CAD model and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of the intervertebral disc (IVD) were made using the SolidWorks program. As a material, UHMWPE has been preferred due to good mechanical and biocompatibility characteristics.

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