A Numerical Model of Lead Material and Its Applicability to Simulation of Isolation Devices

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Matsuda
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Large Strain ◽  
Tensile Loading ◽  
Cyclic Stress ◽  
Shear Loading ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Initial Yield Stress ◽  
Damping Material

This paper proposes a new numerical model of lead material to predict mechanical properties of isolation and vibration control devices using lead as damping material. Shear and tensile loading tests of lead were carried out to make the numerical model. Shear loading test specimen were constructed from a circumferential lead part welded at the top and bottom to steel flanges. Cyclic stress-strain relations in large strain region were obtained from shear loading test results. The elastic constants and the initial yield stress were given from tensile loading test results. Therefore a numerical model was made using both shear loading and tensile loading test results. Mechanical properties of lead dampers and isolated rubber bearings were simulated using the proposed numerical model via finite element method to show applicability of the model.

scholarly journals A study on the bond behavior of different FRCM systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 09003
Author(s):  
Adel Younis ◽  
Usama Ebead
Keyword(s):  
Single Layer ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Shear Loading ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Brittle Behavior ◽  
Shear Connection ◽  
Double Shear ◽  
Modes Of Failure ◽  
Bond Tests

Fabric-reinforced cementitous matrix (FRCM) composites are usually applied on the concrete surface for the purpose of strengthening reinforced concrete structures. However, the efficiency of FRCM strengthening is notably affected by the bond between the FRCM system and concrete substrate. In view of that, the current paper presents the results of a preliminary experimental study carried out to investigate the bond characteristics between FRCM composites and concrete. Six number of specimens, each consisted of a 150-mm concrete cube with a double-shear connection to an FRCM system, were subjected to direct-shear loading test. The parameters investigated include (a) FRCM material (carbon, polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole (PBO), and glass); and (b) Bond length (75 mm or 100 mm). The FRCM systems typically included a single layer of fabric with the associated mortar, and the bond width was uniformly taken as 100 mm. The test results revealed that the bond capacity is enhanced with an increase in the FRCM bonded length. The PBO-FRCM showed the highest bond capacity between FRCM composite and concrete substrate among the three systems. The modes of failure observed in carbon-, PBO-, and glass-FRCM bond tests are fabric delamination, FRCM mortar/concrete debonding, and fabric rapture, respectively. The PBOand glass-FRCM bond tests thus exhibited a more brittle behavior at failure than that of the carbon-FRCM counterpart.

scholarly journals Applicability of Modified University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign Model for Unbound Aggregate Material with Different Water Content

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-449
Author(s):  
Tianshu Lin ◽  
Tatsuya Ishikawa ◽  
Bin Luo
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Shear Loading ◽  
Stress Axis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Unbound Aggregate

This paper proposes a modified University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign (UIUC) model to predict permanent deformation behavior of unbound aggregate materials. Most existing models relate permanent deformation to resilient properties, whereas the UIUC model treats shear strength as a critical factor in permanent deformation behavior. Three types of test, monotonic shearing test, cyclic axial loading test, and cyclic axial and shear loading test, were conducted by multi-ring shear apparatus on two kinds of parallel grading aggregate materials, natural crusher-run and recycled crusher-run obtained from demolished concrete structure. Test results demonstrate that shear strength is the core factor in permanent deformation behavior, compared with resilient properties, and principal stress axis rotation (PSAR) greatly increases the permanent deformation. By considering the effect of PSAR on permanent deformation, a new parameter, ( Rs)ave, is added to the conventional UIUC model to modify it. Regression analysis results verify that the modified UIUC model has good applicability for predicting permanent deformation of aggregates with different water contents and stress states, and with and without PSAR. The modified UIUC model builds a relation between test results with and without PSAR. A simple framework is also proposed for predicting permanent deformation in flexible pavement structures based on the modified UIUC model.

scholarly journals Inherent mechanical properties of bilayer germanene coupled by covalent bonding

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (59) ◽  
pp. 34437-34450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmuda Raakib Arshee ◽  
Saqeeb Adnan ◽  
Mohammad Motalab ◽  
Pritom Bose
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Mechanism ◽  
Tensile Loading ◽  
Covalent Bonding ◽  
Shear Loading ◽  
Periodic Behavior

Presence of interlayer bonds in bi-layer germanene results in a distinct fracture mechanism in tensile loading and direction dependent periodic behavior in shear loading.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties and Damage in Lignite under Combined Cyclic Compression and Shear Loading

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8393
Author(s):  
Haoshuai Wu ◽  
Haibo Bai ◽  
Yanlong Chen ◽  
Hai Pu ◽  
Kai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Cyclic Stress ◽  
Shear Loading ◽  
Tensile Failure ◽  
Shear Tests ◽  
Volume Strain ◽  
Cyclic Compression ◽  
Upper Limit

In this paper, uniaxial cyclic compression and shear test was carried out for lignite samples. The effects of inclination angle (θ) and upper limit of cyclic stress (σmax) on mechanical properties of coal samples were analyzed, and the damage variables of coal samples were studied based on energy dissipation theory. The results show that the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of coal samples after uniaxial cyclic compression and shear tests decreases with the increase of the upper limit of cyclic stress and inclination angle. The shear stress component generated by the increase of inclination angle can effectively reduce the UCS and increase the damage degree of coal samples. With the increase of inclination angle, the failure mode of coal samples is changed from tensile failure (θ = 0°), the combined tensile failure and shear failure (θ = 5°) to shear failure (θ = 10°). The peak axial and radial strain of coal samples first increases rapidly and then stagnates. The peak volume strain rapid increases and then stagnates (θ = 0° and θ = 5°). When the inclination angle is 10°, the peak volume strain first decreases rapidly and then stagnates. Even if the upper limit of cyclic stress is lower than its UCS, it will still promote the propagation of micro cracks and the generation of new cracks and increase the internal damage of coal samples. With the increase of the cycle number, damage variables of coal samples after uniaxial cyclic compression and shear tests nonlinearly increase, and the growth rate decreases gradually.

Sunlight exposure: the effects on the performance of paragliding fabric

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (05) ◽  
pp. 381-389
Author(s):  
MENGÜÇ GAMZE SÜPÜREN ◽  
TEMEL EMRAH ◽  
BOZDOĞAN FARUK
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Sunlight Exposure ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dark Blue

This study was designed to explore the relationship between sunlight exposure and the mechanical properties of paragliding fabrics which have different colors, densities, yarn counts, and coating materials. This study exposed 5 different colors of paragliding fabrics (red, turquoise, dark blue, orange, and white) to intense sunlight for 150 hours during the summer from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. for 5 days a week for 5 weeks. Before and after the UV radiation aging process, the air permeability, tensile strength, tear strength, and bursting strength tests were performed. Test results were also evaluated using statistical methods. According to the results, the fading of the turquoise fabric was found to be the highest among the studied fabrics. It was determined that there is a significant decrease in the mechanical properties of the fabrics after sunlight exposure. After aging, the fabrics become considerably weaker in the case of mechanical properties due to the degradation in both the dyestuff and macromolecular structure of the fiber

Hysteresis loss of ultra-large off-the-road tire rubber compounds based on operating conditions at mine sites

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110155
Author(s):  
Shaosen Ma ◽  
Guangping Huang ◽  
Khaled Obaia ◽  
Soon Won Moon ◽  
Wei Victor Liu
Keyword(s):  
Large Strain ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hysteresis Loss ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
The Road ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Mine Sites

The objective of this study is to investigate the hysteresis loss of ultra-large off-the-road (OTR) tire rubber compounds based on typical operating conditions at mine sites. Cyclic tensile tests were conducted on tread and sidewall compounds at six strain levels ranging from 10% to 100%, eight strain rates from 10% to 500% s−1 and 14 rubber temperatures from −30°C to 100°C. The test results showed that a large strain level (e.g. 100%) increased the hysteresis loss of tire rubber compounds considerably. Hysteresis loss of tire rubber compounds increased with a rise of strain rates, and the increasing rates became greater at large strain levels (e.g. 100%). Moreover, a rise of rubber temperatures caused a decrease in hysteresis loss; however, the decrease became less significant when the rubber temperatures were above 10°C. Compared with tread compounds, sidewall compounds showed greater hysteresis loss values and more rapid increases in hysteresis loss with the rising strain rate.

Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Exterior FRP Shell

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 1461-1465
Author(s):  
Chuan Min Zhang ◽  
Chao He Chen ◽  
Ye Fan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beams ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Contact Interface ◽  
Accurate Calculation ◽  
Element Analysis

The paper makes an analysis of the reinforced concrete beams with exterior FRP Shell in Finite Element, and compares it with the test results. The results show that, by means of this model, mechanical properties of reinforced concrete beams with exterior FRP shell can be predicted better. However, the larger the load, the larger deviation between calculated values and test values. Hence, if more accurate calculation is required, issues of contact interface between the reinforced concrete beams and the FRP shell should be taken into consideration.

Improving the Strength of Abrasive Wheels and Optimizing the Control over the Strength of Composite Abrasive Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 946 ◽  
pp. 380-385
Author(s):  
Boris A. Chaplygin ◽  
Viacheslav V. Shirokov ◽  
Tat'yana A. Lisovskaya ◽  
Roman A. Lisovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Material Density ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
Reinforcing Material ◽  
Special Studies ◽  
First Time

The strength of abrasive wheels is one of the key factors affecting the performance of abrasive machining. The paper discusses ways to improve the strength of abrasive wheels. The stress-state mathematical model presented herein is a generalization of the existing models. It is used herein to find for the first time that there are numerous optimal combinations of the elastic modulus and reinforcing material density, which result in the same minimum value of the objective function. It is found out that increasing the radius of the reinforcing component while also optimizing the mechanical properties of its material may increase the permissible breaking speed of the wheel several times. We herein present a regression equation and a nomogram for finding the optimal combination of control factors. Conventional methods for testing the mechanical properties of materials, which have been proven reliable for testing metals and alloys, are not as reliable for testing abrasive materials, as the test results they generate are not sufficiently stable or accurate. We therefore propose an alternative method that does not require any special equipment or special studies.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of High-Performance Concrete Characteristics and Loading Test of Pretensioned Experimental Beams

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 427
Author(s):  
Pavlina Mateckova ◽  
Vlastimil Bilek ◽  
Oldrich Sucharda
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Materials Testing ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Concrete Mechanical Properties ◽  
Normal Strength

High-performance concrete (HPC) is subjected to wide attention in current research. Many research tasks are focused on laboratory testing of concrete mechanical properties with specific raw materials, where a mixture is prepared in a relatively small amount in ideal conditions. The wider utilization of HPC is connected, among other things, with its utilization in the construction industry. The paper presents two variants of HPC which were developed by modification of ordinary concrete used by a precast company for pretensioned bridge beams. The presented variants were produced in industrial conditions using common raw materials. Testing and comparison of basic mechanical properties are complemented with specialized tests of the resistance to chloride penetration. Tentative expenses for normal strength concrete (NSC) and HPC are compared. The research program was accomplished with a loading test of model experimental pretensioned beams with a length of 7 m made of ordinarily used concrete and one variant of HPC. The aim of the loading test was to determine the load–deformation diagrams and verify the design code load capacity calculation method. Overall, the article summarizes the possible benefits of using HPC compared to conventional concrete.

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