An Experimental Consideration on Accuracy of Inverse Super Short Baseline Underwater Positioning Using Acoustic Data Transmission

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Signal ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Estimation Error ◽  
Elevation Angle ◽  
Test System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Short Baseline ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Mother Ship

Authors are developing a test system of new type acoustic positioning system (APS) using inverse super short baseline (ISSBL) method. In this method, the vehicle is equipped with hydrophone array. Direction of arrival (DOA) of acoustic signal from mother ship is detected, and relative position between the mother ship and the vehicle is calculated with the measured DOA and the depth. Information of ship’s position is included in the transmitted acoustic signal, then absolute position of the vehicle can be calculated with the relative position and the included information. The vehicle position can be obtained in the vehicle in real-time and be used directly to navigate. No reply from the vehicle is necessary. Five ocean experiments were conducted in various depth points. In the experiments, an experimental device was moored at sea bottom, and the ship cruised around above the moored device with transmitting acoustic signal including the ship’s information. In consideration about random scattering of positioning result, followings were found. Random scattering is much suppressed with EKF using high rate symbol value. On the other hand, estimation error of ship’s position, which is about 0.5–1 meter, is not negligible. When the DOA measurement for each symbol is accurate, the estimation error of the ship’s position becomes dominant in output of EKF as a consequence of random scattering suppression. Therefore, this method is more advantageous in case the DOA measurement have larger random error. Then this method is useful in deeper case and small array can be adopted to the system. On the other hand, this method do not perform well when the elevation angle from the target to the ship is shallow. Moreover convergence percentage seems to touch the lowest value at around 10%.

An Experiment of Acoustic Navigation System Using Inverse Super Short Baseline for Underwater Vehicle

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Watanabe ◽  
Hiroshi Ochi ◽  
Takuya Shimura
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Signal ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Test System ◽  
Experimental Device ◽  
Doppler Velocity ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Short Baseline ◽  
Mother Ship

Recently underwater vehicles are typically navigated with an inertial navigation system (INS), a Doppler velocity log (DVL), and an acoustic positioning system (APS). APS are necessary, especially in deep sea observation, because it is absolute positioning method. Super short baseline (SSBL) is frequently used because it is easy to operate. In SSBL, the position of vehicle is obtained on the mother ship. In order to use the positioning result to navigate the vehicle, the result is transmitted to the vehicle with a certain amount of delay. Authors are developing a test system of new type APS using inverse SSBL (ISSBL) method. In this method, the vehicle is equipped with a receiver array. Arrival direction of acoustic signal from mother ship is detected, and relative position between the mother ship and the vehicle is calculated with the obtained direction and the depth. Information of ship’s position is included in the transmitted acoustic signal, then absolute position of the vehicle can be calculated with the relative position and the included information. The vehicle position can be obtained in the vehicle in real-time and be used directly to navigate. No reply from the vehicle is necessary. An ocean experiment of this method was conducted in Sagami Bay in Japan. Experimental device was moored on the seabed and the ship cruised with acoustic signal transmission. As a result, this method was available in deep sea area. Demodulation of information in the method was feasible, and positioning of the experimental device was achieved. High rate positioning is useful suppress random error with filtering.

¿Pasaporte para amar?: Un corsé para el deseo. / Passport to love?: A corset for desire.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (09) ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Pilar Errázuriz Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Relative Position ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Postmodern Philosophy ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Intervention

En este artículo se propone una reflexión en torno a una cuestión paradojal: por más que en este siglo XXI las acciones políticas de la diversidad sexual han sido muy beneficiosas para erosionar el dogma paterno, como lo asegura el psicoanalista Michel Tort, a la vez han repetido el modelo hegemónico de categorizar, no ya ‘la diferencia sexual’ sino ‘las diferencias sexuales’, asegurando, hoy, diversas identidades que se definen como GLBTTTIQ, haciendo de cada casillero un lugar estanco para el deseo migrante, excéntrico e incoherente. El pensamiento post-moderno asegura la no existencia de “el sujeto” y nos remite a entendernos como una copia de la copia de la copia, de un original que no es. Paralelamente, el deseo que cabalga a ciegas en el riel transferencial de la búsqueda “del objeto” que al fin lo completará, a sabiendas de la castración simbólica que remite a “la falta” y al destino del eterno retorno. Solo que si abrazamos estas “verdades” que nos muestra tanto la filosofía de la postmodernidad como el análisis lacaniano, nuestra andadura sería fantasmática y no conectaría con una realidad socio-política que se impone sin ambigüedad. ¿Cómo conciliar lo uno y lo otro? ¿Son las nuevas clasificaciones, por eficaces que sean para el debilitamiento del sistema, un lugar más de represión, de compromiso y de definición difícil de transgredir? El rompecabezas que hay que dilucidar es cómo asimilar el saber de la postmodernidad sin renunciar a valores de la modernidad, que aunque nos parezcan efímeros y espejísmicos permiten la incidencia en la realidad, sin que nuestra singularidad se sienta traicionera a uno u otro prospecto y que podamos dar un respiro al Ello que busca, lúdicamente, el terreno de lo absurdo de la dinámica deseante. The proposal of this text is a sort of puzzle to be thought. On one hand we have the postmodern knowledge about the death of the subject, though a skeptical agenda for political definition. On the other hand, westill are produced by the modern schoolwhich let us learn about political struggle in order to fight the hegemonic power. Lacan’spsychoanalysis assure that identity is an illusion and that the desire search always, via transfer, an object to be completed, what is impossible because the symbolic castration of the subject. Postmodern philosophy pretend the non existence of the subject, and the total illusory sensation of being, whatgive a perspective which diminish the Egopretensions. How could we be aware of the relative position of an identity and, at the same time, not abandon our group of pairs for political intervention in the reality? The new sexual classification GLBTTTIQ we consider as a battle won against Father’s law. Is it a real liberation or, again, is another way of submit sexuality to a certain and only way of desiring? Could we belong to one of the categories and have the freedom of letting desire be nomadic?

Georgian harmonic clusters: phonetic cues to phonological representation

Phonology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana Chitoran
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Signal ◽  
Phonological Representation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acoustic Data ◽  
Acoustic Study ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Phonetic Cues ◽  
The One ◽  
Simple Sequence

Georgian, a South Caucasian language belonging to the Kartvelian family, is characterised by the ability of its consonants to combine in extensive clusters. Among the possible combinations are a series of two-member clusters which are argued to behave phonologically as single segments (Tschenkeli 1958, Vogt 1958, 1971, Aronson 1982, 1991, Deprez 1988 and others). They are known as ‘harmonic’ clusters, because the laryngeal quality is constant across the cluster. Its two members are both voiced ([dg bg dγ bγ]), both aspirated ([thkh tshkh thχ tshχ]) or both ejective ([t'k' ts'k' p'k' t'q' ts'q']). They can occur either word-initially or in word-medial position. Harmonic clusters do not contrast with identical sequences of segments, except for sequences formed at the junction of two words. There is no evidence that across word boundaries harmonic clusters are derived by some sort of restructuring.The purpose of the present study is to review the phonological arguments brought in the literature in favour of treating harmonic clusters as single segments, and to look for acoustic evidence that would motivate the distinction made between harmonic clusters behaving as single segments, on the one hand, and simple sequences of consonants, on the other hand. The study uses phonetic data to address the issue of phonological representation. If the difference between a harmonic cluster and a simple sequence of segments is present in the phonology, then it should ideally also be visible in the acoustic signal, for example in the presence or absence of a release burst, or in timing differences, as suggested by previous studies of complex vs. simple segments in various languages (Maddieson & Ladefoged 1989, Maddieson 1989, 1990). The results show that the treatment of Georgian harmonic clusters as complex segments is not supported by the acoustic data.The paper is organised as follows: § 2 presents the phonological behaviour of consonant clusters in Georgian, § 3 reviews phonetic evidence for complex segments, and spells out the predictions made by the present study. The acoustic study is described in § 4, followed by the presentation and discussion of results in § 5. The conclusions and areas for further study are presented in § 6.

scholarly journals Retailers, All Omni-Shoppers Are Not the Same

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Viejo-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
The Other ◽  
Processing Route ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Shopping Experience ◽  
Likelihood Model

Taking as a basis the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), this paper evaluates how the way in which the customer searches, evaluates and compares information influences the development of omni-channel behaviour, as well as each of its most common practices, webrooming (researching products online but purchasing products in a physical store) and showrooming (visiting physical stores to check out products and then buying them online). The results obtained from a sample of 939 apparel shoppers using the database constructed for the Spanish retail sector by GfK reflect that compared to one-stop shoppers, omni-shoppers (without distinguishing specific typologies) spend more time and effort planning their decision-making. The combination of physical and virtual channels makes it easier for the consumer to be more involved in the shopping experience and to search, compare and evaluate specific information about the product and/or retailer before the final purchase. This more reflective behaviour in which more time is spent on the consumer journey and more information is handled is what ELM defines as the central information processing route. While it is true that the central information processing route predominates, it is concluded when analysing each of the omni-channel behaviours separately that webroomers are more likely to follow this route, analysing in depth all issues related to the product they want to buy. On the other hand, although showrooming behaviour cannot be associated with the same intensity to the central information processing route, nor can it be associated with a less planned customer journey, like that of e-shoppers who focus only on prices and cost savings associated with the purchase. Showroomers use the internet to learn about retailer-related aspects as well as other consumers’ opinions of the product before buying the product from the online store. Taking these results into account, managers should keep in mind the idea that webroomers and showroomers are as different as they are the same. Thus, both the internet and the physical store have to serve as both an information point and a shopping channel. Websites need to be usable and simple so that webroomers can get in-depth information about the retailer’s portfolio and showroomers can make a purchase in a few quick steps. On the other hand, the physical store will be a touchpoint where omni-shoppers will enjoy unique experiences, highlighting the sales force that will be key for webroomers and showroomers to develop a stronger bond with the firm and not shop at any other competitor retailer.

A study of cometary eruptions through OH radio-lines

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
A.M. Silva ◽  
R.D. Miró
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Mass ◽  
Radio Lines ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sudden Rise

AbstractWe have developed a model for theH2OandOHevolution in a comet outburst, assuming that together with the gas, a distribution of icy grains is ejected. With an initial mass of icy grains of 108kg released, theH2OandOHproductions are increased up to a factor two, and the growth curves change drastically in the first two days. The model is applied to eruptions detected in theOHradio monitorings and fits well with the slow variations in the flux. On the other hand, several events of short duration appear, consisting of a sudden rise ofOHflux, followed by a sudden decay on the second day. These apparent short bursts are frequently found as precursors of a more durable eruption. We suggest that both of them are part of a unique eruption, and that the sudden decay is due to collisions that de-excite theOHmaser, when it reaches the Cometopause region located at 1.35 × 105kmfrom the nucleus.

Closing the GAP—A 5Å Scanning Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
A. V. Crewe
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Conventional Microscope ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Closing The Gap ◽  
Thermal Sources ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Transmission Microscope

We have become accustomed to differentiating between the scanning microscope and the conventional transmission microscope according to the resolving power which the two instruments offer. The conventional microscope is capable of a point resolution of a few angstroms and line resolutions of periodic objects of about 1Å. On the other hand, the scanning microscope, in its normal form, is not ordinarily capable of a point resolution better than 100Å. Upon examining reasons for the 100Å limitation, it becomes clear that this is based more on tradition than reason, and in particular, it is a condition imposed upon the microscope by adherence to thermal sources of electrons.

Life Beyond 1MeV

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
K.H. Westmacott
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Case ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The U.S

Life beyond 1MeV – like life after 40 – is not too different unless one takes advantage of past experience and is receptive to new opportunities. At first glance, the returns on performing electron microscopy at voltages greater than 1MeV diminish rather rapidly as the curves which describe the well-known advantages of HVEM often tend towards saturation. However, in a country with a significant HVEM capability, a good case can be made for investing in instruments with a range of maximum accelerating voltages. In this regard, the 1.5MeV KRATOS HVEM being installed in Berkeley will complement the other 650KeV, 1MeV, and 1.2MeV instruments currently operating in the U.S. One other consideration suggests that 1.5MeV is an optimum voltage machine – Its additional advantages may be purchased for not much more than a 1MeV instrument. On the other hand, the 3MeV HVEM's which seem to be operated at 2MeV maximum, are much more expensive.

Can the Academic Self-Concept be Positive and Realistic?

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reimer Kornmann
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Other Hand

Summary: My comment is basically restricted to the situation in which less-able students find themselves and refers only to literature in German. From this point of view I am basically able to confirm Marsh's results. It must, however, be said that with less-able pupils the opposite effect can be found: Levels of self-esteem in these pupils are raised, at least temporarily, by separate instruction, academic performance however drops; combined instruction, on the other hand, leads to improved academic performance, while levels of self-esteem drop. Apparently, the positive self-image of less-able pupils who receive separate instruction does not bring about the potential enhancement of academic performance one might expect from high-ability pupils receiving separate instruction. To resolve the dilemma, it is proposed that individual progress in learning be accentuated, and that comparisons with others be dispensed with. This fosters a self-image that can in equal measure be realistic and optimistic.

Stories and the Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Markus Appel
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Abstract. Two experiments examined the influence of stories on recipients’ self-perceptions. Extending prior theory and research, our focus was on assimilation effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in line with a protagonist’s traits) as well as on contrast effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in contrast to a protagonist’s traits). In Experiment 1 ( N = 113), implicit and explicit conscientiousness were assessed after participants read a story about either a diligent or a negligent student. Moderation analyses showed that highly transported participants and participants with lower counterarguing scores assimilate the depicted traits of a story protagonist, as indicated by explicit, self-reported conscientiousness ratings. Participants, who were more critical toward a story (i.e., higher counterarguing) and with a lower degree of transportation, showed contrast effects. In Experiment 2 ( N = 103), we manipulated transportation and counterarguing, but we could not identify an effect on participants’ self-ascribed level of conscientiousness. A mini meta-analysis across both experiments revealed significant positive overall associations between transportation and counterarguing on the one hand and story-consistent self-reported conscientiousness on the other hand.

Don’t Put Me in This Group

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-93
Author(s):  
Jort de Vreeze ◽  
Christina Matschke
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Negative Information ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Group Memberships

Abstract. Not all group memberships are self-chosen. The current research examines whether assignments to non-preferred groups influence our relationship with the group and our preference for information about the ingroup. It was expected and found that, when people are assigned to non-preferred groups, they perceive the group as different to the self, experience negative emotions about the assignment and in turn disidentify with the group. On the other hand, when people are assigned to preferred groups, they perceive the group as similar to the self, experience positive emotions about the assignment and in turn identify with the group. Finally, disidentification increases a preference for negative information about the ingroup.

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